结上的箭头装饰出现意外行为：出现多个箭头和间隙

Question

我正在使用knotstikzlibrary 绘制一些结，并想为结定位，即添加箭头。我使用一种称为“arrowat”的装饰样式，它会在所需位置插入箭头（例如，\draw[arrowat=0.5]将在结果线的中间产生一个箭头）。它的定义如下

\tikzset{% 
    arrowat/.style={%
        postaction={decorate,decoration={
                markings,
                mark=at position #1 with {\arrow[xshift=2pt]{>}}}}
    }
}

但是，当我尝试在结上使用这种样式时，会出现一些问题：在某些位置，一切都很好，但如果我尝试在其他某些位置画箭头，就会出现多个箭头（以及线条中的间隙）。下面是一个 MWE，显示了两种情况，一种是一切正常（左），另一种是一切不正常（右）。我的问题是：我该如何解决这个问题，或者更确切地说，如何防止它发生？

\documentclass{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{decorations.markings,knots}

\tikzset{% 
    arrowat/.style={%
        postaction={decorate,decoration={
                markings,
                mark=at position #1 with {\arrow[xshift=2pt]{>}}}}
    }
}
\begin{document}

\begin{tikzpicture}
    \begin{knot} [consider self intersections, ignore endpoint intersections=false, clip width=7, flip crossing=3]
    \strand [thick, arrowat=0.8] (0,0)
    to [out=180, in=270] (-1,1)
    to [out=90, in=180] (1,2.5)
    to [out=0, in=90] (3,1)
    to [out=270, in=0] (2,0)
    to [out=180, in=270] (-0.2,2.5)
    to [out=90, in=180] (1,3.8)
    to [out=0, in=90] (2.2,2.5)
    to [out=270, in=0] (0,0);
\end{knot}
\end{tikzpicture}

\begin{tikzpicture}
    \begin{knot} [consider self intersections, ignore endpoint intersections=false, clip width=7, flip crossing=3]
    \strand [thick, arrowat=0.5] (0,0)
    to [out=180, in=270] (-1,1)
    to [out=90, in=180] (1,2.5)
    to [out=0, in=90] (3,1)
    to [out=270, in=0] (2,0)
    to [out=180, in=270] (-0.2,2.5)
    to [out=90, in=180] (1,3.8)
    to [out=0, in=90] (2.2,2.5)
    to [out=270, in=0] (0,0);
    \end{knot}
\end{tikzpicture}

\end{document}

Answer 1

我没有真正的（即优雅的）解决方案。只是好奇地想部分了解发生了什么，并检查了 Ti 的频率钾是想它位于位置 0.5。在此示例中，这是 10 次，您可以通过取消注释来验证这一点\typeout{\number\value{arrowcount}}。然后可以添加一个开关，指示箭头真正应该绘制在哪个位置。相应的样式称为conditional arrow at。

\documentclass{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{decorations.markings,knots}
\newcounter{arrowcount}
\tikzset{% 
    arrowat/.style={%
        postaction={decorate,decoration={
                markings,
                mark=at position #1 with {\arrow[xshift=2pt]{>}}}}
    },
    conditional arrow at/.style 2 args={%
        postaction={decorate,decoration={
                markings,
                mark=at position #1 with {\stepcounter{arrowcount}%
                %\typeout{\number\value{arrowcount}}%
                \ifnum\value{arrowcount}=#2
                \arrow[xshift=2pt]{>}%
                \fi}}}
    },
}
\begin{document}

\begin{tikzpicture}
    \begin{knot} [consider self intersections, ignore endpoint intersections=false, clip width=7, flip crossing=3]
    \strand [thick, arrowat=0.8] (0,0)
    to [out=180, in=270] (-1,1)
    to [out=90, in=180] (1,2.5)
    to [out=0, in=90] (3,1)
    to [out=270, in=0] (2,0)
    to [out=180, in=270] (-0.2,2.5)
    to [out=90, in=180] (1,3.8)
    to [out=0, in=90] (2.2,2.5)
    to [out=270, in=0] (0,0);
\end{knot}
\end{tikzpicture}

\begin{tikzpicture}
    \begin{knot} [consider self intersections, ignore endpoint intersections=false, clip width=7, flip crossing=3]
    \strand [thick,conditional arrow at={0.5}{6}] (0,0)
    to [out=180, in=270] (-1,1)
    to [out=90, in=180] (1,2.5)
    to [out=0, in=90] (3,1)
    to [out=270, in=0] (2,0)
    to [out=180, in=270] (-0.2,2.5)
    to [out=90, in=180] (1,3.8)
    to [out=0, in=90] (2.2,2.5)
    to [out=270, in=0] (0,0);
   \end{knot}
\end{tikzpicture}

\end{document}

使用钥匙后，情况会改善 2 倍（正如预期的那样）only when rendering。然后您“只”有 5 个插槽，每个插槽实际上都指向一个箭头。

\documentclass{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{decorations.markings,knots}
\newcounter{arrowcount}
\tikzset{% 
    arrowat/.style={%
        postaction={decorate,decoration={
                markings,
                mark=at position #1 with {\arrow[xshift=2pt]{>}}}}
    },
    conditional arrow at/.style 2 args={%
        postaction={decorate,decoration={
                markings,
                mark=at position #1 with {\stepcounter{arrowcount}%
                \typeout{\number\value{arrowcount}}%
                \ifnum\value{arrowcount}=#2
                \arrow[xshift=2pt]{>}%
                \fi}}}
    },
}
\begin{document}

\begin{tikzpicture}
    \begin{knot} [consider self intersections, ignore endpoint intersections=false, clip width=7, flip crossing=3]
    \strand [thick, arrowat=0.8] (0,0)
    to [out=180, in=270] (-1,1)
    to [out=90, in=180] (1,2.5)
    to [out=0, in=90] (3,1)
    to [out=270, in=0] (2,0)
    to [out=180, in=270] (-0.2,2.5)
    to [out=90, in=180] (1,3.8)
    to [out=0, in=90] (2.2,2.5)
    to [out=270, in=0] (0,0);
\end{knot}
\end{tikzpicture}

\begin{tikzpicture}
    \begin{knot} [consider self intersections, ignore endpoint intersections=false, clip width=7, flip crossing=3]
    \strand [thick,only when rendering/.style={conditional arrow at={0.5}{3}}] (0,0)
    to [out=180, in=270] (-1,1)
    to [out=90, in=180] (1,2.5)
    to [out=0, in=90] (3,1)
    to [out=270, in=0] (2,0)
    to [out=180, in=270] (-0.2,2.5)
    to [out=90, in=180] (1,3.8)
    to [out=0, in=90] (2.2,2.5)
    to [out=270, in=0] (0,0);
   \end{knot}
\end{tikzpicture}

\end{document}

所以问题似乎在于路径被分解成段。这告诉我们，我们可以将箭头附加到不可见的路径上。

\documentclass{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{decorations.markings,knots}
\newcounter{arrowcount}
\tikzset{% 
    arrowat/.style={%
        postaction={decorate,decoration={
                markings,
                mark=at position #1 with {\arrow[xshift=2pt,opacity=1]{>}}}}
    },
}
\begin{document}

\begin{tikzpicture}
    \begin{knot} [consider self intersections, ignore endpoint intersections=false, clip width=7, flip crossing=3]
    \strand [thick, arrowat=0.8] (0,0)
    to [out=180, in=270] (-1,1)
    to [out=90, in=180] (1,2.5)
    to [out=0, in=90] (3,1)
    to [out=270, in=0] (2,0)
    to [out=180, in=270] (-0.2,2.5)
    to [out=90, in=180] (1,3.8)
    to [out=0, in=90] (2.2,2.5)
    to [out=270, in=0] (0,0);
\end{knot}
\end{tikzpicture}

\begin{tikzpicture}
    \begin{knot} [consider self intersections, ignore endpoint intersections=false, clip width=7, flip crossing=3]
    \def\mypath{(0,0) to [out=180, in=270] (-1,1)
    to [out=90, in=180] (1,2.5)
    to [out=0, in=90] (3,1)
    to [out=270, in=0] (2,0)
    to [out=180, in=270] (-0.2,2.5)
    to [out=90, in=180] (1,3.8)
    to [out=0, in=90] (2.2,2.5)
    to [out=270, in=0] (0,0)}
    \draw[thick,opacity=0,arrowat=0.55] \mypath;
    \strand [thick] \mypath;
   \end{knot}
\end{tikzpicture}

\end{document}

这可能是这些提议中最优雅的，并且还揭示了 0.5 处的“真实”箭头被交叉所遮挡。