\documentclass[aps,prstper,preprint,groupedaddress]{revtex4-2}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{hyperref}
\usepackage{makecell}
\usepackage{graphicx,lipsum,afterpage,subfigure}
\usepackage{supertabular}
\usepackage{morefloats}
\usepackage{tablefootnote}
\usepackage{import}
\usepackage{filecontents}
\usepackage{multirow}
\usepackage{booktabs}
\usepackage{siunitx}
\usepackage[inline]{enumitem}
\usepackage{enumitem}
\usepackage{soul}
\usepackage{textcomp}
\usepackage{threeparttablex}
\usepackage{supertabular}
\usepackage{morefloats}
\usepackage{ucs}
\usepackage{color}
\usepackage{array}
\usepackage{calc}
\usepackage{multirow}
\usepackage{hhline}
\usepackage{ifthen}
\usepackage{floatrow}
\usepackage{caption}
\usepackage{subcaption}
\begin{document}
\squeezetable
\begin{table}
\begin{subtable}[h]
\begin{ruledtabular}
\begin{tabular}{|l{1cm}|l{5.5cm}|l{5cm}|l{4.5cm}|}
\caption{The items of the concept inventory based on the concept of 2-D Bravais lattices\label{2d:1}}
S.No.& Description of the Question (RBT aspect)&Associated Alternative Conceptions&Distractors\\
\hline
15-16 &\textit{\textbf{Identifying and marking the Primitive Unit cell(picture based)}}(Apply conceptual knowledge)
& unit cell, 3-D Bravais Lattices&No options as answer required marking in the given picture\\
\hline
17-18 &\textit{\textbf{Identifying and marking the 2-D Bravais lattice(picture based)}}(Apply conceptual knowledge)
& 3-D Bravais Lattices &No options as answer required marking in the given picture\\
\hline
19 & \textit{\textbf{Identifying the primitive unit cell associated with 2-D Bravais Lattices(picture based)}}
(Analyze conceptual and factual knowledge)
&unit cell, 3-D Bravais Lattices&\\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\end{ruledtabular}
\end{subtable}
\quad
\begin{subtable}[h]
\begin{ruledtabular}
\begin{tabular}{|l{1cm}|l{5.5cm}|l{5cm}}
\caption{The items of the concept inventory based on the concept of 2-D Bravais lattices,where the rationale for distractors is the inability of the students to differentiate between 2-D and 3-D Bravais lattices. The associated alternative conceptions are those of unit
cell and 3-D Bravais lattices.\label{2d:2}}
S.No.& Description of the Question (RBT aspect)&Distractors\\
20 & \textit{\textbf{Mandatory features of a primitive unit cell associated with 2-D or 3-D Bravais lattices}}
(Evaluating conceptual and factual knowledge)&\setlist{nolistsep}\begin{itemize} [noitemsep]
\item smallest area or smallest volume
\item one lattice point/primitive cell
\item all lattice points are at the corner
\end{itemize}\\
\hline
21 & \textit{\textbf{Primitive unit cell associated with Bravais Lattice in 2-D}}(Evaluating conceptual and factual
knowledge)&\setlist{nolistsep}\begin{itemize}[noitemsep]
\item Any closed area
\item only polygons of smallest area
\item Only polygons with 2 \& 4 fold rotational symmetry
\end{itemize}\\
\hline
22 & \textit{\textbf{Symmetries possessed by Bravais Lattice in 2-D}}(Evaluating conceptual and factual knowledge)
&\setlist{nolistsep}\begin{itemize}[noitemsep]
\item Translational Symmetry
\item 2, 4, 6-fold Rotational Symmetry
\item Reflection Symmetry
\end{itemize}\\
\hline
23 & \textit{\textbf{Identifying equivalent Bravais lattices in 2-D (picture based)}}(Evaluating procedural knowledge)&\\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\end{ruledtabular}
\end{subtable}
\end{table}
\end{document}
答案1
您的代码中存在相当多的严重错误。其中一些最重要的错误是：
不要同时加载
subfigure和subcaption——它们不兼容。前一个包已弃用；不要加载它。环境
subtable需要 1 个强制参数：预期宽度。因此，写法\begin{subtable}[h]是一个简单的错误。它应该是\begin{subtable}{\textwidth}。列
l类型不接受（并且从未接受过）宽度参数。因此，l{1cm}会导致 LaTeX 崩溃。我不知道您的意图是什么；只是为了获得一个实际可编译的文档，我假设您的意思是p{1cm}，等等。不要多次加载包。这种糟糕的做法绝对不会带来任何好处。
在你加载的所有包中，
hyperref应该加载最后的。和
\caption说明\label属于外部`tabular* 环境。
我可以继续说下去，但这些是最严重的错误。修复这些错误，决定使用tabularx环境，省略说明\ruledtabular（因为它们与 tabularx 不兼容），并设置和使用定制的压缩 itemize 类环境，myitemize最终导致以下解决方案——我会祈祷你喜欢这个结果：
\documentclass[aps,prstper,%preprint,
groupedaddress]{revtex4-2}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{booktabs}
\usepackage{enumitem}
\newlist{myitemize}{itemize}{1}
\setlist[myitemize,1]{label=\textbullet,
wide=0pt, nosep,
before={\begin{minipage}[t]{\hsize}},
after={\end{minipage}}}
\usepackage{subcaption}
\captionsetup[subtable]{justification=RaggedRight,
singlelinecheck=false,
skip=0.333\baselineskip}
\usepackage{tabularx,ragged2e} % new
\newcolumntype{L}{>{\RaggedRight\arraybackslash}X}
\usepackage{hyperref} % must be loaded LAST
\begin{document}
\begin{table}[t!]
\begin{subtable}{1\textwidth}
\caption{The items of the concept inventory based on the concept of \mbox{2-D} Bravais lattices}
\label{2d:1}
\begin{tabularx}{\linewidth}{@{} l LLL @{}}
\toprule
S.No.& Description of the Question (RBT aspect)
& Associated Alternative Conceptions
& Distractors\\
\midrule
15--16
&\textit{\textbf{Identifying and marking the Primitive Unit cell (picture based)}} (Apply conceptual knowledge)
& unit cell, 3-D Bravais Lattices
&No options as answer required marking in the given picture\\
\addlinespace
17--18
&\textit{\textbf{Identifying and marking the \mbox{2-D} Bravais lattice (picture based)}}(Apply conceptual knowledge)
& 3-D Bravais Lattices
&No options as answer required marking in the given picture\\
\addlinespace
19 &
\textit{\textbf{Identifying the primitive unit cell associated with \mbox{2-D} Bravais Lattices (picture based)}} (Analyze conceptual and factual knowledge)
& unit cell, 3-D Bravais Lattices
&\\
\bottomrule
\end{tabularx}
\end{subtable}
\bigskip
\begin{subtable}{1\textwidth}
\caption{The items of the concept inventory based on the concept of \mbox{2-D} Bravais lattices, where the rationale for distractors is the inability of the students to differentiate between \mbox{2-D} and 3-D Bravais lattices. The associated alternative conceptions are those of unit cell and 3-D Bravais lattices.}
\label{2d:2}
\begin{tabularx}{\textwidth}{@{} l LL @{}}
\toprule
S.No.& Description of the Question (RBT aspect)
& Distractors\\
\midrule
20 & \textit{\textbf{Mandatory features of a primitive unit cell associated with \mbox{2-D} or 3-D Bravais lattices}} (Evaluating conceptual and factual knowledge)
& \begin{myitemize}
\item smallest area or smallest volume
\item one lattice point/primitive cell
\item all lattice points are at the corner
\end{myitemize}\\
\addlinespace
21 & \textit{\textbf{Primitive unit cell associated with Bravais Lattice in \mbox{2-D}}} (Evaluating conceptual and factual
knowledge)
& \begin{myitemize}
\item Any closed area
\item only polygons of smallest area
\item Only polygons with 2 \& 4 fold rotational symmetry
\end{myitemize}\\
\addlinespace
22 & \textit{\textbf{Symmetries possessed by Bravais Lattice in \mbox{2-D}}} (Evaluating conceptual and factual knowledge)
& \begin{myitemize}
\item Translational Symmetry
\item 2, 4, 6-fold Rotational Symmetry
\item Reflection Symmetry
\end{myitemize}\\
\addlinespace
23 & \textit{\textbf{Identifying equivalent Bravais lattices in \mbox{2-D} (picture based)}} (Evaluating procedural knowledge)&\\
\bottomrule
\end{tabularx}
\end{subtable}
\end{table}
\end{document}