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\toprule 没有跨越表格的宽度

tag-icon • tag-icon tabularx multirow ieeetran booktabs pdflscape
\toprule 没有跨越表格的宽度

我正在尝试创建一个横跨页面垂直长度的横向表格。以下是我得到的结果：

在此处输入图片描述

该表几乎看起来不错，除了以下内容：

  1. 、\toprule和\midrule没有\bottomrule跨越表格的宽度。
  2. 使用\cmidrule而不是 之后\crule，行之间的垂直间距增加，并且跨越多行的列标题看起来很糟糕。
  3. 继续第 2 点，有没有更好的方法让长列标题跨越多行？

最后，我可以在哪里找到该行的描述：\begin{tabularx}{\textwidth}{@{}*{14}{C}c@{}}

以下是生成该表的代码：

    \documentclass[journal]{IEEEtran}
    \usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
    \usepackage{pdflscape}
    \usepackage{multirow}
    \usepackage{multicol}
    \usepackage{tabularx,booktabs}
    \newcolumntype{C}{>{\centering\arraybackslash}X} % centered version of "X" type

    \begin{document}

    \begin{landscape}
    \begin{table}
    \caption{Summary of Columns}
    \label{tab:OWCStandards}
    \begin{tabularx}{\textwidth}{@{}*{14}{C}c@{}}
    \toprule
      \multicolumn{1}{c}{\multirow{1}{*}{\textbf{First}}}
    & \multicolumn{1}{c}{\multirow{3}{*}{\textbf{Second}}} 
    & \multicolumn{1}{c}{\multirow{3}{*}{\textbf{Third}}} 
    & \multicolumn{1}{c}{\multirow{2}{*}{\textbf{Fourth}}} 
    & \multicolumn{1}{c}{\multirow{1}{*}{\textbf{Fifth}}}
    & \multicolumn{1}{c}{\multirow{3}{*}{\textbf{Sixth}}}
    & \multicolumn{8}{c}{\multirow{1}{*}{\textbf{Multi-Column Here}}} \tabularnewline
    \cmidrule[0.05em]{7-14}
      \multicolumn{1}{c}{\multirow{1}{*}{\textbf{Column}}}
    & \multicolumn{1}{c}{}
    & \multicolumn{1}{c}{} 
    & \multicolumn{1}{c}{\multirow{2}{*}{\textbf{Column}}}
    & \multicolumn{1}{c}{\multirow{1}{*}{\textbf{Columns}}}
    & \multicolumn{1}{c}{} 
    & \multicolumn{6}{c}{\multirow{1}{*}{\textbf{Sub-column 1}}} 
    & \multicolumn{1}{c}{\multirow{2}{*}{\textbf{Sub-column 2}}}
    & \multicolumn{1}{c}{\multirow{1}{*}{\textbf{Sub-column 3}}} \tabularnewline
    \cmidrule{7-12}
      \multicolumn{1}{c}{\multirow{1}{*}{\textbf{Here}}}
    & \multicolumn{1}{c}{}
    & \multicolumn{1}{c}{} 
    & \multicolumn{1}{c}{} 
    & \multicolumn{1}{c}{\multirow{1}{*}{\textbf{Here}}}
    & \multicolumn{1}{c}{}
    & \multicolumn{1}{c}{\textbf{Col 1-1}}  
    & \multicolumn{1}{c}{\textbf{Col 1-2}} 
    & \multicolumn{1}{c}{\textbf{Col 1-3}} 
    & \multicolumn{1}{c}{\textbf{Col 1-4}} 
    & \multicolumn{1}{c}{\textbf{Col 1-5}} 
    & \multicolumn{1}{c}{\textbf{Col 1-6}} 
    & \multicolumn{1}{c}{} 
    & \multicolumn{1}{c}{\multirow{1}{*}{\textbf{Here}}} \tabularnewline
    \midrule
    \midrule
    %\midrule

    \bottomrule
    \end{tabularx}
    \end{table}
    \end{landscape}

    \end{document}

编辑

我使用\linewidth并添加了一行示例数据。这是我得到的结果：

在此处输入图片描述

\documentclass[journal]{IEEEtran}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage{pdflscape}
\usepackage{multirow}
\usepackage{multicol}
\usepackage{tabularx,booktabs}
\newcolumntype{C}{>{\centering\arraybackslash}X} % centered version of "X" type
% \setlength{\extrarowheight}{1pt}

\begin{document}



\begin{landscape}
\begin{table}
\caption{Summary of Columns}
\label{tab:OWCStandards}
\begin{tabularx}{\linewidth}{@{}*{14}{C}c@{}}
\toprule
  \multicolumn{1}{c}{\multirow{1}{*}{\textbf{First}}}
& \multicolumn{1}{c}{\multirow{3}{*}{\textbf{Second}}} 
& \multicolumn{1}{c}{\multirow{3}{*}{\textbf{Third}}} 
& \multicolumn{1}{c}{\multirow{2}{*}{\textbf{Fourth}}} 
& \multicolumn{1}{c}{\multirow{1}{*}{\textbf{Fifth}}}
& \multicolumn{1}{c}{\multirow{3}{*}{\textbf{Sixth}}}
& \multicolumn{8}{c}{\multirow{1}{*}{\textbf{Multi-Column Here}}} \tabularnewline
\cmidrule[0.05em]{7-14}
  \multicolumn{1}{c}{\multirow{1}{*}{\textbf{Column}}}
& \multicolumn{1}{c}{}
& \multicolumn{1}{c}{} 
& \multicolumn{1}{c}{\multirow{2}{*}{\textbf{Column}}}
& \multicolumn{1}{c}{\multirow{1}{*}{\textbf{Columns}}}
& \multicolumn{1}{c}{} 
& \multicolumn{6}{c}{\multirow{1}{*}{\textbf{Sub-column 1}}} 
& \multicolumn{1}{c}{\multirow{2}{*}{\textbf{Sub-column 2}}}
& \multicolumn{1}{c}{\multirow{1}{*}{\textbf{Sub-column 3}}} \tabularnewline
\cmidrule{7-12}
  \multicolumn{1}{c}{\multirow{1}{*}{\textbf{Here}}}
& \multicolumn{1}{c}{}
& \multicolumn{1}{c}{} 
& \multicolumn{1}{c}{} 
& \multicolumn{1}{c}{\multirow{1}{*}{\textbf{Here}}}
& \multicolumn{1}{c}{}
& \multicolumn{1}{c}{\textbf{Col 1-1}}  
& \multicolumn{1}{c}{\textbf{Col 1-2}} 
& \multicolumn{1}{c}{\textbf{Col 1-3}} 
& \multicolumn{1}{c}{\textbf{Col 1-4}} 
& \multicolumn{1}{c}{\textbf{Col 1-5}} 
& \multicolumn{1}{c}{\textbf{Col 1-6}} 
& \multicolumn{1}{c}{} 
& \multicolumn{1}{c}{\multirow{1}{*}{\textbf{Here}}} \tabularnewline
\midrule
\midrule
\multicolumn{1}{ c }{\multirow{2}{*}{Smart City}}
& \multicolumn{1}{c }{\multirow{2}{*}{2018}}
& \multicolumn{1}{c }{\multirow{2}{*}{\cite{}}} 
& \multicolumn{1}{c }{\multirow{1}{*}{Smart}}
& \multicolumn{1}{c }{\multirow{2}{*}{Implementation}}        
& \multicolumn{1}{c }{\multirow{2}{*}{Broadcast}}                      
& \multicolumn{1}{c }{\multirow{2}{*}{LED}}                         
& \multicolumn{1}{c }{\multirow{2}{*}{PD}}                        
& \multicolumn{1}{c }{\multirow{2}{*}{N/A}}
& \multicolumn{1}{c }{\multirow{2}{*}{1.5 m}}                          
& \multicolumn{1}{c }{\multirow{2}{*}{IEEE 802.11OCB}}                
& \multicolumn{1}{c }{\multirow{2}{*}{N/A}} 
& \multicolumn{1}{c }{\multirow{2}{*}{N/A}} 
& \multicolumn{1}{c }{\multirow{2}{*}{N/A}} \tabularnewline
\multicolumn{1}{ c }{}& \multicolumn{1}{c }{}
& \multicolumn{1}{c }{} &\multicolumn{1}{c }{Vehicle}
&\multicolumn{1}{c }{} & \multicolumn{1}{c }{}
& \multicolumn{1}{c }{}& \multicolumn{1}{c }{}
& \multicolumn{1}{c }{} & \multicolumn{1}{c }{}
& \multicolumn{1}{c }{} & \multicolumn{1}{c }{} 
& \multicolumn{1}{c }{} & \multicolumn{1}{c }{}
& \multicolumn{1}{c }{} \tabularnewline

\bottomrule
\end{tabularx}
\end{table}
\end{landscape}

\end{document}

答案1

tabularx这就是为什么环境没有占据整个指定宽度的原因：即使你指定了 14 个居中版本的列类型X，LaTeX 实际上也永远不会对它们采取行动，因为每一个细胞被包裹在\multicolumn{1}{c}{...}“包装器”中；因此，LaTeX 所看到的只是c列类型，而不是X列类型。

无论如何，摆脱所有这些包装器是可能的，也是可取的——并且\multirow也抛弃包装器。（该指令\renewcommand\tabularxcolumn[1]{m{#1}}会自动安排单元格内容的垂直居中。）

在此处输入图片描述

\documentclass[journal]{IEEEtran}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage{pdflscape}

\usepackage{amsmath,tabularx,booktabs,ragged2e}
\newcolumntype{C}{>{\Centering\hspace{0pt}}X}
\renewcommand\tabularxcolumn[1]{m{#1}}
\newcommand\mytab[1]{% handy utility macro
    \smash{\begin{tabular}[t]{@{}>{\Centering}p{\hsize}@{}}
    \bfseries #1 \end{tabular}}}

\begin{document}

\begin{landscape}
\begin{table}
\setlength\tabcolsep{4pt} % default: 6pt
\caption{Summary of Columns}
\label{tab:OWCStandards}
\begin{tabularx}{\linewidth}{@{} *{14}{C} @{}}
\toprule
  \mytab{First Column Here}
& \mytab{Second}
& \mytab{Third}
& \mytab{Fourth Column}
& \mytab{Fifth Column Here}
& \mytab{Sixth}
& \multicolumn{8}{c@{}}{\textbf{Multi-Column Here}}\\
\cmidrule(l){7-14}
& & & & &  
& \multicolumn{6}{c}{\textbf{Sub-column 1}}
& \mytab{Sub-column 2}
& \mytab{Sub-column 3 Here} 
\\
\cmidrule(lr){7-12}
& & & & & 
& \textbf{Col 1-1} & \textbf{Col 1-2} & \textbf{Col 1-3} 
& \textbf{Col 1-4} & \textbf{Col 1-5} & \textbf{Col 1-6}
\\
\midrule
  Smart City
& 2018
& \cite{}
& Smart Vehicle
& Implementation
& Broadcast
& LED                        
& PD                        
& N/A
& 1.5 m                          
& IEEE 802.11OCB                
& N/A
& N/A
& N/A 
\\
\bottomrule
\end{tabularx}
\end{table}
\end{landscape}
\end{document}

答案2

具有环境的代码sidewaystable，所有这些代码都\multicolumn{1}{c}被删除了，并且系统地使用了\multirow{n}{=}{contents}固定宽度的列，这使得可以 \\在它们内部使用以在单元格中获取换行符：

 \documentclass[journal]{IEEEtran}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage{pdflscape}
\usepackage{multirow}
\usepackage{multicol}
\usepackage{tabularx,booktabs}
\renewcommand{\tabularxcolumn}[1]{m{#1}}
\newcolumntype{C}{>{\centering\arraybackslash}X} % centered version of "X" type
\usepackage{showframe}
\renewcommand{\ShowFrameLinethickness}{0.3pt}
\usepackage{graphicx, rotating}
 \usepackage{makecell}

\begin{document}

\begin{sidewaystable}
\setlength{\tabcolsep}{3pt}
\caption{Summary of Columns}
\label{tab:OWCStandards}
\begin{tabularx}{\textheight}{@{}*{14}{C}@{}}
\toprule
\multicolumn{6}{c}{}
& \multicolumn{8}{c}{\textbf{Multi-Column Here}} \tabularnewline
\cmidrule[0.05em]{7-14}
\multirow{-2}{=}{\bfseries\centering First\\ Column\\ Here}
& {\bfseries\centering Second }
&{\bfseries\centering Third}
& \multirow{-1.5}{=}{\bfseries \centering Fourth\\ Column}
& \multirow{-2}{=}{\bfseries\centering Fifth\\ Column \\ Here}
&{\bfseries\centering Sixth}
& \multicolumn{6}{c}{\textbf{Subcolumn 1}}
& \multirow{2}{=}{\small\bfseries\centering Subcolumn 2}
&\multirow{2}{=}{\small\bfseries\centering Subcolumn 3 Here} \tabularnewline%
\cmidrule{7-12}
\multicolumn{6}{c}{}
& \textbf{Col 1-1}
& \textbf{Col 1-2}
& \textbf{Col 1-3}
& \textbf{Col 1-4}
& \textbf{Col 1-5}
& \textbf{Col 1-6}
&
 \tabularnewline
\midrule
\multicolumn{1}{ c }{Smart City}
& 2018 
& \cite{}
& Smart Vehicle
& Implemen\-tation
& Broadcast
& LED  & PD & N/A & 1.5 m 
& IEEE 802.11OCB 
& N/A & N/A & N/A
 \tabularnewline
    \midrule
    \bottomrule
    \end{tabularx}
    \end{sidewaystable}

\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

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