适用于 OECD“魔法钻石”的 LaTeX 宏？

Question

是否有可以重现的 LaTeX 宏经合组织的“魔法钻石”这可以表明一个国家的经济表现吗？

以下是“魔法钻石”的概述：

特定的“魔法钻石”可能看起来是这样的，它显示了“前后”或“现在和当时”或“国家 A 和国家 B”，其中两个钻石位于相同的轴上（轴未标记，也未按照经济指标缩放 - 也没有图例）。

理想情况下，宏将接受四个经济指标数字，或它们的一系列集合、每个指标的轴限制，然后生成如上图或下图所示的图表。

Answer 1

我通常不会添加两个答案，但这是一个与另一个非常不同的策略。它使用groupplots，并且基于pgfplots，因此可高度自定义。您需要做的就是在表中指定数据，例如

CB PCB UNR GDP
1 2 3 4
1.5 2.5 1.5 2.5
2 3 2.5 3.5
4 3 2 1

代码将完成其余工作，例如提取列名、查找范围和生成图表。

\documentclass[tikz,border=3mm]{standalone}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\usepackage{pgfplotstable}
\usepgfplotslibrary{groupplots}
\pgfplotsset{compat=1.17}
\pgfplotsset{% https://tex.stackexchange.com/a/75811/121799
    name nodes near coords/.style={nodes near coords={},
        every node near coord/.append style={anchor=center,coordinate,
            name=#1-\coordindex,
            alias=#1-last,
        },
    },
    name nodes near coords/.default=coordnode
}

\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\pgfplotstableread{
CB PCB UNR GDP
1 2 3 4
1.5 2.5 1.5 2.5
2 3 2.5 3.5
4 3 2 1
}{\loadedtable}
\edef\mystyles{"solid","dashed","red","orange","blue"}
\pgfplotstableforeachcolumn\loadedtable\as\col{%
\ifcase\pgfplotstablecol
\edef\mycolA{\col}%
\or
\edef\mycolB{\col}%
\or
\edef\mycolC{\col}%
\or
\edef\mycolD{\col}%
\or
\fi}
\pgfplotstablegetrowsof{\loadedtable}%
\pgfmathtruncatemacro{\numrows}{\pgfplotsretval-1}%
\begin{groupplot}[
    group style={group name=top,group size=2 by 2,
        horizontal sep=0pt,vertical sep=0pt},height=4cm,width=4cm] 
\nextgroupplot[xtick=\empty,yticklabel pos=lower,ylabel=\mycolA,
    enlarge y limits=0.3,xmin=-1,xmax=0]
\addplot[only marks,name nodes near coords=\mycolA] 
    table[y expr=\thisrow{\mycolA},x expr=0]  {\loadedtable}; 
\nextgroupplot[ytick=\empty,xticklabel pos=upper,xlabel=\mycolB,
    enlarge x limits=0.3,ymax=1,ymin=0]
\addplot[only marks,name nodes near coords=\mycolB] 
    table[x expr=\thisrow{\mycolB},y expr=0]  {\loadedtable}; 
\nextgroupplot[ytick=\empty,xticklabel pos=lower,xlabel=\mycolC,
    enlarge x limits=0.3,ymax=0,ymin=-1,
    xticklabel={\pgfmathparse{-1*\tick}\pgfmathprintnumber\pgfmathresult}]
\addplot[only marks,name nodes near coords=\mycolC] 
    table[x expr=-1*\thisrow{\mycolC},y expr=0]  {\loadedtable}; 
\nextgroupplot[xtick=\empty,yticklabel pos=upper,ylabel=\mycolD,
    enlarge y limits=0.3,xmin=0,xmax=1,
    yticklabel={\pgfmathparse{-1*\tick}\pgfmathprintnumber\pgfmathresult}]
\addplot[only marks,name nodes near coords=\mycolD] 
    table[y expr=-1*\thisrow{\mycolD},x expr=0]  {\loadedtable}; 
\end{groupplot}
\foreach \X in {0,...,\numrows}
{\pgfmathsetmacro{\mystyle}{{\mystyles}[\X]}
\draw[style/.expanded=\mystyle] 
    (\mycolA-\X) -- (\mycolB-\X) -- (\mycolD-\X) -- (\mycolC-\X) -- cycle;}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

编辑：修复了轴刻度标签指向左侧或下方的错误。

Answer 2

答案是肯定的，这是可以做到的。这是一个原型示例。它为不同的坐标系设置了各自的缩放比例，并在其中绘制坐标。

\documentclass[tikz,border=3mm]{standalone}
\tikzset{pics/Magic Diamond/.style={code={
    \tikzset{Magic Diamond/.cd,#1}%
    \def\pv##1{\pgfkeysvalueof{/tikz/Magic Diamond/##1}}% 
    \draw (-\pv{size}/2,-\pv{size}/2) rectangle (\pv{size}/2,\pv{size}/2);
    \foreach \XX [count=\YY] in {A,B,C,D}
    {\begin{scope}[shift={(-\YY*90:\pv{size}/2)},rotate={-90-\YY*90}]
     \pgfmathsetmacro{\first}{\pv{\XX min}}
     \pgfmathsetmacro{\next}{\first+\pv{\XX step}}
     \pgfmathifisint{\next}{\pgfmathtruncatemacro{\next}{\next}}{}
     \pgfmathsetmacro{\last}{\pv{\XX max}}
     \foreach \ZZ in {\first,\next,...,\last}
     {\draw ({(\ZZ-\first)*\pv{size}/(2*(\last-\first))},0) 
     node[anchor=180-\YY*90,node contents/.expanded=\ZZ] --     
      ++ (0,-\pv{tick length});}
     \draw[-stealth] (0,1) -- node[midway,anchor=180-\YY*90,
        node contents/.expanded=\pv{\XX}]{} (\pv{size}/2,1); 
    \end{scope}}
    \edef\lstABCD{"X","A","B","C","D"}
    \edef\DataSets{\pv{data}}
    \foreach \DataSet [count=\nData] in \DataSets
    {%\typeout{\DataSet}
     \foreach \DataPoint [count=\nDataPoint] in \DataSet
     {
     \pgfmathsetmacro{\currid}{{\lstABCD}[\nDataPoint]}
     \pgfmathsetmacro{\xtransformed}{(\DataPoint-\pv{\currid min})*%
        \pv{size}/(2*(\pv{\currid max}-\pv{\currid min}))}
     %\typeout{\nDataPoint,\DataPoint,\xtransformed}
     \path (-90-90*\nDataPoint:\xtransformed pt) coordinate (tmp-\nDataPoint);  
     }
     \pgfmathsetmacro{\mystyle}{{\pv{styles}}[\nData-1]}
     \draw[style/.expanded=\mystyle]  (tmp-1) -- (tmp-2) -- (tmp-3) -- (tmp-4) -- cycle;
    }
    }},Magic Diamond/.cd,size/.initial=10cm,tick length/.initial=3pt,
        Amax/.initial=5,Amin/.initial=0,Astep/.initial=1,A/.initial=CB,
        Bmax/.initial=5,Bmin/.initial=0,Bstep/.initial=1,B/.initial=PCB,
        Cmax/.initial=5,Cmin/.initial=0,Cstep/.initial=1,C/.initial=UNR,
        Dmax/.initial=5,Dmin/.initial=0,Dstep/.initial=1,D/.initial=GDP,
        data/.initial={{1,2,3,4},{1.5,2.5,1.5,2.5}},
        styles/.initial={"solid","dashed","red","orange","blue"}}

\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
 \pic{Magic Diamond};   
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}