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管理包时出现“ImportError：没有名为 _struct 的模块”错误

tag-icon • tag-icon ubuntu apt python dpkg elementary-os
管理包时出现“ImportError：没有名为 _struct 的模块”错误

我正在运行Elementary OS 0.2（基于Ubuntu 12.04），从今天开始，我在尝试安装/升级软件包时看到一个奇怪的错误。刚才我做了一个例子：

sudo apt-get update

效果很好，然后是：

sudo apt-get upgrade

尝试返回这个：

Setting up idle-python2.7 (2.7.3-0ubuntu3.5) ...
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/compileall.py", line 16, in <module>
    import struct
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/struct.py", line 1, in <module>
    from _struct import *
ImportError: No module named _struct
dpkg: error processing idle-python2.7 (--configure):
 subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 1
Errors were encountered while processing:
 idle-python2.7
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

到底是怎么回事？显然这与包有关，python但我仍然可以python毫无问题地运行脚本。我怎样才能解决这个问题？

添加

按照我尝试过的答案中给出的建议：

sudo apt-get --reinstall install python python-support

这返回了：

Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 2 reinstalled, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
1 not fully installed or removed.
Need to get 0 B/192 kB of archives.
After this operation, 0 B of additional disk space will be used.
(Reading database ... 864980 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to replace python 2.7.3-0ubuntu2.2 (using .../python_2.7.3-0ubuntu2.2_i386.deb) ...
Unpacking replacement python ...
Preparing to replace python-support 1.0.14ubuntu2 (using .../python-support_1.0.14ubuntu2_all.deb) ...
Unpacking replacement python-support ...
Processing triggers for man-db ...
Processing triggers for doc-base ...
Processing 1 changed doc-base file...
Registering documents with scrollkeeper...
Setting up idle-python2.7 (2.7.3-0ubuntu3.5) ...
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/compileall.py", line 16, in <module>
    import struct
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/struct.py", line 1, in <module>
    from _struct import *
ImportError: No module named _struct
dpkg: error processing idle-python2.7 (--configure):
 subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 1
Setting up python (2.7.3-0ubuntu2.2) ...
Setting up python-support (1.0.14ubuntu2) ...
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site.py", line 548, in <module>
    main()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site.py", line 530, in main
    known_paths = addusersitepackages(known_paths)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site.py", line 266, in addusersitepackages
    user_site = getusersitepackages()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site.py", line 241, in getusersitepackages
    user_base = getuserbase() # this will also set USER_BASE
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site.py", line 231, in getuserbase
    USER_BASE = get_config_var('userbase')
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/sysconfig.py", line 516, in get_config_var
    return get_config_vars().get(name)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/sysconfig.py", line 449, in get_config_vars
    import re
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/re.py", line 105, in <module>
    import sre_compile
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/sre_compile.py", line 14, in <module>
    import sre_parse
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/sre_parse.py", line 17, in <module>
    from sre_constants import *
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/sre_constants.py", line 18, in <module>
    from _sre import MAXREPEAT
ImportError: cannot import name MAXREPEAT
Errors were encountered while processing:
 idle-python2.7
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

所以这是不行的。

答案1

搜索此内容会出现一些需要尝试的事情。

  1. 重新安装python

    找到这个链接：手动构建和安装 python 2.6 后损坏的 python (2.7)。建议是像这样重新安装：

    $ sudo apt-get --reinstall install python python-support

  2. 确保软件更新应用程序已启用互联网

    找到这个链接：更多包依赖性问题，全新安装后我总是遇到很多问题。

    脸掌我进入更新管理器/设置 Ubuntu 软件选项卡并重新启用所有可从互联网下载的按钮。

答案2

我找到了一种方法来解决这个问题，只需删除idle-python2.7包：

sudo apt-get remove idle-python2.7

就像声明的那样这里。

答案3

答案很简单。您的系统配置错误。您在本地安装了基本 Python 包。这是一个禁忌。您应该从发行版存储库安装基本二进制 Python 包。特别是，您的 Python 安装正在查找lib/python2.7/site.py和lib/python2.7/sysconfig.py中的文件/usr/local，但这些文件是基本 Python 包的一部分python2.7-minimal，或者可能是 libpython2.7-minimal，具体取决于您的发行版对应的 Debian/Ubuntu 版本。

不管怎样，解决办法很简单。删除本地安装的基本 Python 包，然后从您的发行版安装基本 Python 包。如果您的发行版中没有该软件，然后在本地安装它。如果您不使用发行版的软件包，那么使用发行版实际上没有多大意义。

什么是

apt-cache policy python2.7-minimal libpython2.7-minimal python2.7

说？其中两个应该安装在您的系统上。

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