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表格单元格间距

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表格单元格间距

考虑下表及其结果。我希望增加单元格内的间距，使它们居中并与墙壁保持一定距离。我还希望在表格周围添加边框线。

\begin{table}
    \resizebox{\textwidth}{!}{
    \begin{tabular}{l | c | c | c | c |  }
        Name & Estimator & Mean & Bias & Variance \\
        \hline \\
        Sample& $\frac{1}{n}\sum_{i}(Y_i-\mu)^2$  & $\sigma^2$ & 0 & $\frac{2\sigma^4}{n}$ \\ 
        \hline \\
        Un-adjusted & $\frac{1}{n}\sum_{i}(Y_i-\bar{Y})^2$  &$\frac{n-1}{n}$ $\sigma^2$ & $\frac{\sigma^2}{n}$ & $\frac{2\sigma^4}{n}$\\
        \hline \\
        Adjusted & $\frac{1}{n-1}\sum_{i}(Y_i-\bar{Y})^2$  & $\sigma^2$ & 0 & $\frac{2\sigma^4}{n-1}$
    \end{tabular}}
    \caption{Comparison of Estimators}
\end{table}

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答案1

不要\resizebox让表格材料与文本块一样宽（并在此过程中造成印刷灾难！），我建议您（a）使用环境tabular*，（b）去掉所有垂直线，（c）使用更少但间距适当的水平线，以及（d）对公式使用显示样式而不是内联样式数学。

以下屏幕截图显示了逐步实施这些建议的效果。

在此处输入图片描述

\documentclass{article} 
\usepackage{graphicx} % for \resizebox directive
\usepackage{array}    % for \newcolumntype directive
\newcolumntype{C}{>{$\displaystyle}c<{$}}
\usepackage{booktabs} % \toprule, \midrule, \bottomrule, \addlinespace
\begin{document}

\begin{table}[ht!]
    \resizebox{\textwidth}{!}{
    \begin{tabular}{l | c | c | c | c |  }
    Name & Estimator & Mean & Bias & Variance \\
    \hline & & & &  \\
    Sample& $\frac{1}{n}\sum_{i}(Y_i-\mu)^2$  & $\sigma^2$ & 0 & $\frac{2\sigma^4}{n}$ \\ 
    \hline & & & &  \\
    Un-adjusted & $\frac{1}{n}\sum_{i}(Y_i-\bar{Y})^2$  &$\frac{n-1}{n}$ $\sigma^2$ & $\frac{\sigma^2}{n}$ & $\frac{2\sigma^4}{n}$\\
    \hline & & & &  \\
    Adjusted & $\frac{1}{n-1}\sum_{i}(Y_i-\bar{Y})^2$  & $\sigma^2$ & 0 & $\frac{2\sigma^4}{n-1}$
\end{tabular}}
\caption{OP's table format with cont.\ vertical lines}
\end{table}

\begin{table}[h!]
\centering
    \begin{tabular}{l | c | c | c | c |  }
    Name & Estimator & Mean & Bias & Variance \\
    \hline
    Sample& $\frac{1}{n}\sum_{i}(Y_i-\mu)^2$  & $\sigma^2$ & 0 & $\frac{2\sigma^4}{n}$ \\ 
    \hline
    Un-adjusted & $\frac{1}{n}\sum_{i}(Y_i-\bar{Y})^2$  &$\frac{n-1}{n}$ $\sigma^2$ & $\frac{\sigma^2}{n}$ & $\frac{2\sigma^4}{n}$\\
    \hline
    Adjusted & $\frac{1}{n-1}\sum_{i}(Y_i-\bar{Y})^2$  & $\sigma^2$ & 0 & $\frac{2\sigma^4}{n-1}$
    \end{tabular}
    \caption{Without \texttt{\string\resizebox}, without all-blank lines}
\end{table}

\begin{table}[h!]
\setlength\tabcolsep{0pt} % default: 6pt
\begin{tabular*}{\textwidth}{@{\extracolsep{\fill}} lcccc }
    Name & Estimator & Mean & Bias & Variance \\
    \hline
    Sample& $\frac{1}{n}\sum_{i}(Y_i-\mu)^2$  & $\sigma^2$ & 0 & $\frac{2\sigma^4}{n}$ \\ 
    \hline
    Un-adjusted & $\frac{1}{n}\sum_{i}(Y_i-\bar{Y})^2$  &$\frac{n-1}{n}$ $\sigma^2$ & $\frac{\sigma^2}{n}$ & $\frac{2\sigma^4}{n}$\\
    \hline
    Adjusted & $\frac{1}{n-1}\sum_{i}(Y_i-\bar{Y})^2$  & $\sigma^2$ & 0 & $\frac{2\sigma^4}{n-1}$
\end{tabular*}
\caption{With \texttt{tabular*} and no vertical rules}
\end{table}

\begin{table}[h!]
\setlength\tabcolsep{0pt} % default: 6pt
\begin{tabular*}{\textwidth}{@{\extracolsep{\fill}} lCCCC }
    %\toprule %optional
    Name & $Estimator$ & $Mean$ & $Bias$ & $Variance$ \\
    \midrule
    Sample& \frac{1}{n}\sum\nolimits_{i}(Y_i-\mu)^2  & \sigma^2 & 0 & \frac{2\sigma^4}{n} \\ 
    \addlinespace
    Un-adjusted & \frac{1}{n}\sum\nolimits_{i}(Y_i-\bar{Y})^2  &\frac{n-1}{n}\, \sigma^2 & \frac{\sigma^2}{n} & \frac{2\sigma^4}{n}\\
    \addlinespace
    Adjusted & \frac{1}{n-1}\sum\nolimits_{i}(Y_i-\bar{Y})^2  & \sigma^2 & 0 & \frac{2\sigma^4}{n-1}\\
    %\bottomrule % optional
\end{tabular*}
\caption{Fewer but well-spaced horizontal rules, display-style math mode}
\end{table}
\end{document}

答案2

使用nccmath包（用于中等大小的分数）和makecell包在单元格内容周围留出更多垂直空间。对于表格周围的“框架”，您只需要在hline表格主体前后添加（参见下面的 MWE）以及|在第一列之前和最后一列之后添加垂直线说明符。

完整的 MWE 是：

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{nccmath}
\usepackage{booktabs, makecell}

\begin{document}
\begin{table}[ht]
\setcellgapes{5pt}
\makegapedcells
    \centering
    \begin{tabular}{|l | c | c | c | c |  }\hline
        Name & Estimator & Mean & Bias & Variance \\
        \hline
        Sample& $\mfrac{1}{n}\sum_{i}(Y_i-\mu)^2$  & $\sigma^2$ & 0 & $\mfrac{2\sigma^4}{n}$ \\
        \hline
        Un-adjusted & $\mfrac{1}{n}\sum_{i}(Y_i-\bar{Y})^2$  & $\mfrac{n-1}{n}$ $\sigma^2$ & $\mfrac{\sigma^2}{n}$ & $\frac{2\sigma^4}{n}$   \\
        \hline
        Adjusted & $\mfrac{1}{n-1}\sum_{i}(Y_i-\bar{Y})^2$  & $\sigma^2$ & 0 & $\mfrac{2\sigma^4}{n-1}$    \\
        \hline
    \end{tabular}
\caption{Comparison of Estimators}
\end{table}
\end{document}

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答案3

你可以选择选项 1 或选项 2

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在此处输入图片描述

\begin{table}
    \setcellgapes{3pt}
    \makegapedcells
%   \resizebox{\textwidth}{!}
{
        \begin{tabular}{|l | c | c | c | c |  }\hline 
            Name & Estimator & Mean & Bias & Variance \\
            \hline
            Sample& $\frac{1}{n}\sum_{i}(Y_i-\mu)^2$  & $\sigma^2$ & 0 & $\frac{2\sigma^4}{n}$ \\ 
            \hline 
            Un-adjusted & $\frac{1}{n}\sum_{i}(Y_i-\bar{Y})^2$  &$\frac{n-1}{n}$ $\sigma^2$ & $\frac{\sigma^2}{n}$ & $\frac{2\sigma^4}{n}$\\
            \hline 
            Adjusted & $\frac{1}{n-1}\sum_{i}(Y_i-\bar{Y})^2$  & $\sigma^2$ & 0 & $\frac{2\sigma^4}{n-1}$\\\hline
    \end{tabular}}
    \caption{Comparison of Estimators}
\end{table}

\begin{table}
    \begin{tabular}{l  c  c c c  }
        Name & Estimator & Mean & Bias & Variance \\
        \hline \\
        Sample& $\frac{1}{n}\sum_{i}(Y_i-\mu)^2$  & $\sigma^2$ & 0 & $\frac{2\sigma^4}{n}$ \\ 
        \\
        Un-adjusted & $\frac{1}{n}\sum_{i}(Y_i-\bar{Y})^2$  &$\frac{n-1}{n}$ $\sigma^2$ & $\frac{\sigma^2}{n}$ & $\frac{2\sigma^4}{n}$\\
        \\
        Adjusted & $\frac{1}{n-1}\sum_{i}(Y_i-\bar{Y})^2$  & $\sigma^2$ & 0 & $\frac{2\sigma^4}{n-1}$
    \end{tabular}
    \caption{Comparison of Estimators}
\end{table}

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