如何在矩阵图中为特定行或列添加空间

Question

你的代码太乱了...所以我重新格式化它们并做了一些更改。

主要思想是使用

  a/.style={
    append after command={
      (#1,0) coordinate (left-\the\pgfmatrixcurrentrow-\the\pgfmatrixcurrentcolumn)
    }
  },

扩大单元格边框。

的效果block/.default是，每当没有提供值时block，就会使用默认值。

列宽是列最宽单元格的宽度，因此只需调用一次a=-2或block=-2即可扩展该列。

但目的是扩大拟合区域，原来的拟合区域是左上角节点和右下角节点决定的矩形，现在要扩大左边界，最简单的办法就是在左边放一个空节点/坐标左上节点，拟合区域有的节点是空节点，所以用来a=-2延长边框，其他的block=-2就够了（原块风格与的结合a=-2），比方便多了block, a=-2。

\documentclass[tikz, border=1cm]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{calc, matrix, fit, backgrounds}
\tikzset{
  a/.style={
    append after command={
      (#1,0) coordinate (left-\the\pgfmatrixcurrentrow-\the\pgfmatrixcurrentcolumn)
    }
  },
  block/.style={
    draw=blue!80, thick, fill=blue!20,
    rounded corners,
    align=center,
    anchor=center,
    a=#1,
  },
  block/.default=0,
  mymatrix/.style={
    matrix of nodes,
    nodes in empty cells,
    nodes={
      minimum width=8em,
      minimum height=4em,
      text width=2.75cm,
    },
    column sep=3em,
    row sep=2em
  },
  vhilit/.style={
    draw=black, thick, %dotted,
    inner sep=1em,
    rounded corners,
  },
}

\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\matrix [mymatrix] (mx) {
%% row 1
  |[a=-4]|
  &&&&\\
%% row 2
  |[block=-4]|{Listening\\Channel}
  & |[block]|{Reading and\\Transmitting}
  & |[block=5]|{Content\\ Management}
  &&\\
%% row 3
  |[block]|{Backoff}
  && |[block]|{Collision\\Management}
  &&\\
%% row 4
  |[a=-4]|
  & |[block]|{FSA Frame\\Inicialization}
  && |[block]|{Tags State\\Control}
  & |[block]|{FSA Frame\\Inicialization}
  \\
%% row 5
  & |[block]|{Slot Inventory\\Time Accounting}
  &&&\\
%% row 6
  |[a=-4]|
  & |[block]|{Compute Reader\\Tx/Rx Gain}
  && |[block]|{Compute Tag's\\Tx/Rx Gain}
  &\\
%% row 7
  & |[block]|{Compute\\Backscattered Power}
  && |[block]|{Compute Tag's\\Received Power}
  & |[block]|{Tag\\Activation}
  \\
%% row 8
  & |[block]|{Compute\\Interferences}
  &&&\\
%% row 9
  & |[block]|{Compute\\SINR/BER}
  &&&\\
};

\draw[thick] (mx-2-1) -- (mx-3-1);
\draw[thick] (mx-2-1) -- (mx-2-2);
\draw[thick] (mx-2-2) -- (mx-4-2);
\draw[thick] (mx-2-2) -- coordinate [midway] (mid) (mx-2-3);
\draw[thick] (mid) |- (mx-3-3);
\draw[thick] (mx-4-2) -- (mx-5-2);
\draw[thick] (mx-5-2) -- (mx-6-2);
\draw[thick] (mx-6-2) -- (mx-6-4);
\draw[thick] (mx-6-4) -- (mx-7-4);
\draw[thick] (mx-7-2) -- (mx-7-4);
\draw[thick] (mx-4-4) -- (mx-4-5);
\draw[thick] (mx-4-5) -- (mx-7-5);
\draw[thick] (mx-7-5) -- (mx-7-4);
\draw[thick] (mx-7-2) -- (mx-8-2);
\draw[thick] (mx-8-2) -- (mx-9-2);
\draw[thick] (mx-2-1.west) -- ++(-1, 0) |- (mx-8-2);
\draw[thick] (mx-5-2.west) -- ++(-1, 0) |- (mx-9-2);
\tikzset{
  myfont/.style={pos=.01, text=red, font=\bfseries\sffamily\large}
}
\draw[blue, thick]
  ({$(mx-2-3)!.5!(mx-2-4)$} |- mx-2-3.north) --
  node[left, myfont] {READER}
  node[right, myfont] {TAG}
  ({$(mx-2-3)!.5!(mx-2-4)$} |- mx.south);

\begin{scope}[on background layer]
  \node[vhilit, fit=(left-1-1)(mx-1-1)(mx-1-5), align=center, fill=brown!45, opacity=0.7, text opacity=1, text=black] {{Task Assignment\\Initialization/Close Tasks}};
  \node[vhilit, fit=(left-2-1)(mx-2-1)(mx-3-5) ,fill=red!25, opacity=0.7, align=left, text opacity=1] {\large{LBT}};
  \node[vhilit, fit=(left-4-1)(mx-4-1)(mx-5-5) , fill=green!25, opacity=0.6, align=left, text opacity=1] {\large{FSA}};]
  \node[vhilit, fit=(left-6-1)(mx-6-1)(mx-9-5) , fill=pink!30, opacity=0.7, align=left, text opacity=1] {\large{PHY}};
\end{scope}

\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

Answer 1