我需要创建一个成本矩阵和一个如下图所示的轨迹。我在矩阵包中找不到任何可以完成这项任务的东西。这在 LaTeX 中可以实现吗？
答案1
有很多不同的软件包，因此有很多可能性可以实现这一点。下面是matrix该软件包的库TikZ。
更新 1：箭头问题
第一个代码反转了一个箭头，我还没弄清楚为什么。为了纠正这个问题，代码变得更重了。
\documentclass[border=5mm,tikz]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{matrix,arrows.meta}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[>={Stealth[length=4pt]}]
\matrix (cost)[matrix of nodes,nodes in empty cells]
{ & & B & A & B & A & A & A \\
& 0 & 1 & 2 & 3 & 4 & 5 & 6\\
A & 1 & 2 & 1 & 2 & 3 & 4 & 5\\
B & 2 & 1 & 2 & 1 & 2 & 3 & 4 \\
A & 3 & 2 & 1 & 2 & 1 & 2 & 3\\
B & 4 & 3 & 2 & 1 & 2 & 3 & 4\\
B & 5 & 4 & 3 & 2 & 3 & 4 & 5\\
B & 6 & 5 & 4 & 3 & 4 & 5 & 6\\
};
\draw (cost-1-8.south east) -| (cost-8-1.south east)-| cycle;
\draw (cost-2-8.south east) -| (cost-8-2.south east);
\foreach \x/\y [remember =\x as \lastx (initially 8),remember=\y as \lasty (initially 8)] in {7/7,6/6}{
\draw[->,shorten <=-3pt,shorten >=-3pt](cost-\lastx-\lasty)--(cost-\x-\y);
}
\draw[<-,shorten <=-3pt,shorten >=-3pt] (cost-6-6)--(cost-5-6);
\foreach \x/\y [remember =\x as \lastx (initially 5),remember=\y as \lasty (initially 6)] in {4/5,3/4,2/3,2/2}{
\draw[->,shorten <=-3pt,shorten >=-3pt](cost-\lastx-\lasty)--(cost-\x-\y);
}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
\documentclass[border=5mm,tikz]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{matrix,arrows.meta}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[>={Stealth[length=4pt]}]
\matrix (cost)[matrix of nodes,nodes in empty cells]
{ & & B & A & B & A & A & A \\
& 0 & 1 & 2 & 3 & 4 & 5 & 6\\
A & 1 & 2 & 1 & 2 & 3 & 4 & 5\\
B & 2 & 1 & 2 & 1 & 2 & 3 & 4 \\
A & 3 & 2 & 1 & 2 & 1 & 2 & 3\\
B & 4 & 3 & 2 & 1 & 2 & 3 & 4\\
B & 5 & 4 & 3 & 2 & 3 & 4 & 5\\
B & 6 & 5 & 4 & 3 & 4 & 5 & 6\\
};
\draw (cost-1-8.south east) -| (cost-8-1.south east)-| cycle;
\draw (cost-2-8.south east) -| (cost-8-2.south east);
\foreach \x/\y [remember =\x as \lastx (initially 8),remember=\y as \lasty (initially 8)] in {7/7,6/6,5/6,4/5,3/4,2/3,2/2}{
\draw[->,shorten <=-3pt,shorten >=-3pt](cost-\lastx-\lasty)--(cost-\x-\y);
}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
答案2
和nicematrix：
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{nicematrix}
\usepackage{tikz}
\begin{document}
\renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.2}
\begin{NiceTabular}{|ccccccc|}[first-row,first-col]
& & B & A & B & A & A & A \\
\hline
& 0 & 1 & 2 & 3 & 4 & 5 & 6\\
A & 1 & 2 & 1 & 2 & 3 & 4 & 5\\
B & 2 & 1 & 2 & 1 & 2 & 3 & 4\\
A & 3 & 2 & 1 & 2 & 1 & 2 & 3\\
B & 4 & 3 & 2 & 1 & 2 & 3 & 4\\
B & 5 & 4 & 3 & 2 & 3 & 4 & 5\\
B & 6 & 5 & 4 & 3 & 4 & 5 & 6\\
\hline
\CodeAfter
\begin{tikzpicture}
\draw (8-|2) |- (2-|8) ;
\begin{scope}[->,shorten < = 1pt, shorten > = 1pt]
\draw (1-2) -- (1-1) ;
\draw (2-3) -- (1-2) ;
\draw (3-4) -- (2-3) ;
\draw (4-5) -- (3-4) ;
\draw (5-5) -- (4-5) ;
\draw (6-6) -- (5-5) ;
\draw (7-7) -- (6-6) ;
\end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{NiceTabular}
\end{document}
答案3
基于普通表格和pstricks连接的帮助，针对这两种图像的解决方案：
\documentclass[table]{article}
\usepackage{array}
\usepackage{tabularx}
\usepackage{xcolor}
\usepackage{pst-node, multido}
\begin{document}
\sffamily\setlength{\extrarowheight}{3pt}
\begin{tabularx}{\linewidth}{XX}
{ \begin{tabular}[t]{c|c|*{6}{c}|}
\multicolumn{3}{c}{}B & A & B & A & A & \multicolumn{1}{c}{A} \\
\cline{2-8}
& \multicolumn{1}{c}{\rnode{8}{0}} & \rnode{7}{1} & 2 & 3 & 4 & 5 & 6 \\
\cline{3-8}
A & 1 & 2 & \rnode{6}{1} & 2 & 3 & 4 & 5 \\[2pt]
B & 2 & 1 & 2 & \rnode{5}{1} & 2 & 3 & 4 \\[2pt]
A & 3 & 2 & 1 & 2 & \rnode{4}{1} & 2 & 3 \\[2pt]
B & 4 & 3 & 2 & 1 & \rnode{3}{2} & 3 & 4 \\[2pt]
B & 5 & 4 & 3 & 2 & 3 & \rnode{2}{4} & 5 \\[2pt]
B & 6 & 5 & 4 & 3 & 4 & 5 & \rnode{1}{6} \\
\cline{2-8}
\end{tabular}
\psset{arrows=->, arrowinset=0.12,linejoin=1, nodesep=1pt}
\multido{\is=1+1,\it=2+1}{7}{\ncline{\is}{\it}}}
&
{\Large Trace\bigskip}\newline
{\setlength{\tabcolsep}{8pt}\begin{tabular}[t]{*{6}{c}}
A & B & A & B & B & B \\[-1ex]
\pnode{U1} & \pnode{U2} & \pnode{U3} & & \pnode{U4} & \pnode{U5}\\[1em]
& \pnode{D1} & \pnode{D2} & \pnode{D3} & \pnode{D4} & \pnode{D5}\\
B & A & B & A & A & A
\end{tabular}}
\multido{\i=1+1}{5}{\ncline{D\i}{U\i}}
\end{tabularx}
\end{document}
