升序并集/降序交集符号

Question

在纸上或黑板上书写时，我通常用\bigcup右叉末端的向上箭头表示上升并集。同样，我用\bigcap右叉末端的向下箭头表示下降交集。这些符号包含在任何标准包中吗？如果没有，我该如何定义它们？

梅威瑟：

\documentclass{article} 
\begin{document}
    \[
        (0,1)=\bigcup_n \left[\frac1n, 1-\frac1n\right]
    \]
    
    \[
        \{0\}=\bigcap_n \left(-\frac1n,\frac1n\right)
    \]
\end{document}

Answer 1

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{stackengine,amsmath}
\stackMath
\DeclareMathOperator*\dcap{{\stackinset{r}{-1.02ex}{c}{-1.9pt}{\downarrow}
  {\bigcap}\mkern2mu}}
\DeclareMathOperator*\acup{{\stackinset{r}{-1.02ex}{c}{1.9pt}{\uparrow}
  {\bigcup}\mkern2mu}}
\begin{document}
    \[
        (0,1)=\acup_n \left[\frac1n, 1-\frac1n\right]
    \]
    
    \[
        \{0\}=\dcap_n \left(-\frac1n,\frac1n\right)
    \]
\end{document}

如果您总是在中使用它\displaystyle，则可以适应它：

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{stackengine,amsmath}
\stackMath
\DeclareMathOperator*\dcap{{\stackinset{r}{-1ex}{c}{-3.1pt}{\downarrow}
  {\displaystyle\bigcap}\mkern2mu}}
\DeclareMathOperator*\acup{{\stackinset{r}{-1ex}{c}{3.1pt}{\uparrow}
  {\displaystyle\bigcup}\mkern2mu}}
\begin{document}
    \[
        (0,1)=\acup_n \left[\frac1n, 1-\frac1n\right]
    \]
    
    \[
        \{0\}=\dcap_n \left(-\frac1n,\frac1n\right)
    \]
\end{document}

Answer 2

说实话，这些符号看起来更像是路标上的掉头标志。

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{amsmath}

\makeatletter
\DeclareRobustCommand{\ubigcup}{\DOTSB\mathop{\,\ubigcup@\,}\slimits@}
\DeclareRobustCommand{\dbigcap}{\DOTSB\mathop{\,\dbigcap@\,}\slimits@}

\newcommand{\ubigcup@}{\mathpalette\ubigcup@@\relax}
\newcommand{\ubigcup@@}[2]{%
  \begingroup
  \sbox\z@{$\m@th#1\bigcup$}%
  \sbox\tw@{$\m@th#1\uparrow$}%
  \copy\z@
  \mkern-6.3mu\ifx#1\scriptscriptstyle\mkern0.3mu\fi
  \dimen@=\dimexpr\ht\z@-\ht\tw@
  \ifx#1\displaystyle\else
    \ifx#1\scriptscriptstyle\advance\dimen@ 0.5pt\else
      \advance\dimen@ 1pt
  \fi\fi
  \raisebox{\dimen@}[0pt][0pt]{\rlap{\copy\tw@}}%
  \mkern6.3mu\ifx#1\scriptscriptstyle\mkern-0.3mu\fi
  \endgroup
}
\newcommand{\dbigcap@}{\mathpalette\dbigcap@@\relax}
\newcommand{\dbigcap@@}[2]{%
  \begingroup
  \sbox\z@{$\m@th#1\bigcap$}%
  \sbox\tw@{$\m@th#1\downarrow$}%
  \copy\z@
  \mkern-6.3mu\ifx#1\scriptscriptstyle\mkern0.3mu\fi
  \dimen@=\dimexpr\dp\z@-\dp\tw@
  \ifx#1\displaystyle\else
    \ifx#1\scriptscriptstyle\advance\dimen@ 0.5pt\else
      \advance\dimen@ 1pt
  \fi\fi
  \raisebox{-\dimen@}[0pt][0pt]{\rlap{\copy\tw@}}%
  \mkern6.3mu\ifx#1\scriptscriptstyle\mkern-0.3mu\fi
  \endgroup
}

\makeatother

\begin{document}

$\displaystyle\ubigcup_{n=1}^{\infty} A_n$
$\displaystyle\bigcup_{n=1}^{\infty} A_n$

$\displaystyle\bigcup_{n=1}^{\infty} A_n$

\bigskip

$\textstyle\ubigcup_{n=1}^{\infty} A_n$
$\scriptstyle\ubigcup_{n=1}^{\infty} A_n$
$\scriptscriptstyle\ubigcup_{n=1}^{\infty} A_n$

\bigskip

$\displaystyle\dbigcap_{n=1}^{\infty} B_n$
$\displaystyle\bigcap_{n=1}^{\infty} B_n$

$\displaystyle\bigcap_{n=1}^{\infty} B_n$

\bigskip

$\textstyle\dbigcap_{n=1}^{\infty} B_n$
$\scriptstyle\dbigcap_{n=1}^{\infty} B_n$
$\scriptscriptstyle\dbigcap_{n=1}^{\infty} B_n$

\end{document}