chattr +ia 中的“a”有什么作用？

Question

ain是做什么的chattr +ia <filename>？为什么要添加 thea和 the i？注意：我知道这i是不可变的

Answer 1

  The  letters  `acdeijstuADST'  select the new attributes for the files:
  append only (a), compressed  (c),  no  dump  (d),  extent  format  (e),
  immutable (i), data journalling (j), secure deletion (s), no tail-merg‐
  ing (t), undeletable (u), no atime updates (A),  synchronous  directory
  updates  (D),  synchronous  updates (S), and top of directory hierarchy
  (T).

来自联机帮助页chattr

具有此标志的文件将无法打开进行写入。这也会阻止某些潜在的破坏性系统调用，例如truncate()或者unlink()。

$ touch foo
$ chattr +a foo
$ python
> file("foo", "w") #attempt to open for writing
[Errno 1] Operation not permitted: 'foo'
> quit()
$ truncate foo --size 0
truncate: cannot open `foo' for writing: Operation not permitted
$ echo "Appending works fine." >> foo
$ cat foo
Appending works fine.
$ rm foo
rm: cannot remove `foo': Operation not permitted
$ chattr -a foo
$ rm foo

此选项是为日志文件设计的。