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为两个并排的图表添加标题

tag-icon • tag-icon tikz-pgf tikz-graphs
为两个并排的图表添加标题

如何在每个图表下添加标题，同时保持它们彼此相邻？

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\begin{document}
\usetikzlibrary{positioning}
\tikzset{main node/.style={circle,fill=black,draw,minimum size=.2cm,inner sep=0pt},}
    \begin{center}
        \begin{tikzpicture}
            \node[main node, label=above:{$a$},] (1) {};
            \node[main node, label=right:{$b$}] (2) [below right = 1cm and 1cm of 1] {};
            \node[main node, label=left:{$c$}] (3) [below left = 1cm and 1cm of 1] {};

            \path[draw, thick]
            (1) edge node {} (2)
            (2) edge node {} (3)
            (1) edge node {} (3);
        \end{tikzpicture} \hspace{2cm}
        \begin{tikzpicture}
            \node[main node, label=left:{$a$},] (1) {};
            \node[main node, label=left:{$b$}] (2) [below = 1cm of 1] {};
            \node[main node, label=right:{$c$}] (3) [right = 1cm of 1] {};
            \node[main node, label=right:{$d$}] (4) [below = 1 cm of 3] {};

            \path[draw, thick]
            (1) edge node {} (2)
            (2) edge node {} (4)
            (3) edge node {} (4)
            (1) edge node {} (3);
        \end{tikzpicture}
    \end{center}
\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

答案1

有很多方法可以实现这一点。对于完全没有标题的情况，您可以使用 M S 的答案，但不使用环境figure，minipage而是使用 而不是subfigure，并在 之后直接写入文本\end{tikzpicture}，没有\caption。不过，请在文本前添加一个空行（段落分隔符）。

这里我展示了一种完全不同的方法，使用单个tikzpicture，第二个图表用 向右移动\begin{scope}[xshift=5cm, local bounding box=b]。local bounding box创建一个适合 内容的节点scope，我使用它来定位\node和文本。

另一个细节：一般不要\usetikzlibrary{..}在之后使用\begin{document}。在这里似乎不会造成问题，但我见过它不起作用的情况，所以最好在序言中加载库。

在此处输入图片描述

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{positioning}
\begin{document}
\tikzset{main node/.style={circle,fill=black,draw,minimum size=.2cm,inner sep=0pt},}
    \begin{center}
        \begin{tikzpicture}[
            captiontext/.style={below=3mm, text width=5cm}
            ]
            \node[main node, label=above:{$a$}] (1) {};
            \node[main node, label=right:{$b$}, below right = 1cm and 1cm of 1] (2)  {};
            \node[main node, label=left:{$c$}, below left = 1cm and 1cm of 1] (3) {};

            \draw [thick] (1) -- (2) -- (3) -- (1);
            
            \node [captiontext] at (current bounding box.south) {Text text and more text ad infinitum and so on.};


        \begin{scope}[xshift=5cm, local bounding box=b]
            \node[main node, label=left:{$a$},] (1) {};
            \node[main node, label=left:{$b$},below = 1cm of 1] (2)  {};
            \node[main node, label=right:{$c$}, right = 1cm of 1] (3)  {};
            \node[main node, label=right:{$d$}, below = 1 cm of 3] (4)  {};

            \draw [thick] (1) -- (2) -- (4) -- (3) -- (1);
            \end{scope}
            
            \node [captiontext] at (b.south) {More text text and more text ad infinitum and so on going on for a bit.};
        \end{tikzpicture}
    \end{center}
\end{document}

答案2

您可以使用两个并排的小页面。要解决的问题是让标题出现在同一水平，即使图片和标题的垂直尺寸不同。

我的解决方案是将图片嵌入嵌套的迷你页面中，并使其底部对齐。外部迷你页面则采用顶部对齐，这实际上意味着它们的参考点将是顶部框的参考点，也就是图片的底部。这会将标题放在页面上的相同垂直位置。

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{positioning}

\tikzset{
  main node/.style={
    circle,
    fill=black,
    draw,
    minimum size=.2cm,
    inner sep=0pt
  },
}

\begin{document}

\begin{figure}

\begin{minipage}[t]{0.45\textwidth}
% left column
  \begin{minipage}[b]{\textwidth}
  \centering
  \begin{tikzpicture}
    \node[main node, label=above:{$a$},] (1) {};
    \node[main node, label=right:{$b$}] (2) [below right = 1cm and 1cm of 1] {};
    \node[main node, label=left:{$c$}] (3) [below left = 1cm and 1cm of 1] {};

    \path[draw, thick]
      (1) edge node {} (2)
      (2) edge node {} (3)
      (1) edge node {} (3);
    \end{tikzpicture}
  \end{minipage}

  \caption{This is the figure on the left, with a not so lengthy caption}
\end{minipage}\hfill % <--- don't forget
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.45\textwidth}
% right column
  \begin{minipage}[b]{\textwidth}
  \centering
  \begin{tikzpicture}
    \node[main node, label=left:{$a$},] (1) {};
    \node[main node, label=left:{$b$}] (2) [below = 1cm of 1] {};
    \node[main node, label=right:{$c$}] (3) [right = 1cm of 1] {};
    \node[main node, label=right:{$d$}] (4) [below = 1 cm of 3] {};

    \path[draw, thick]
      (1) edge node {} (2)
      (2) edge node {} (4)
      (3) edge node {} (4)
      (1) edge node {} (3);
  \end{tikzpicture}
  \end{minipage}

  \caption{This is the figure on the right, with a long caption,
    that should form at least three lines; we add text so that
    it's long enough}
\end{minipage}

\end{figure}

\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

答案3

希望下面提到的代码能满足您的需求。它基本上是一个带有两个子标题的图形。如果您需要两个带有标题的不同图形，请告诉我。

根据您最近的评论。您可以评论主图标题部分。

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz,subcaption}
\begin{document}
\usetikzlibrary{positioning}
\tikzset{main node/.style={circle,fill=black,draw,minimum size=.2cm,inner sep=0pt},}
\begin{figure}
\centering
\begin{subfigure}[b]{0.4\linewidth}
\centering
\begin{tikzpicture}
        \node[main node, label=above:{$a$},] (1) {};
        \node[main node, label=right:{$b$}] (2) [below right = 1cm and 1cm of 1] {};
        \node[main node, label=left:{$c$}] (3) [below left = 1cm and 1cm of 1] {};
        \path[draw, thick]
        (1) edge node {} (2)
        (2) edge node {} (3)
        (1) edge node {} (3);
    \end{tikzpicture} 
    \caption{caption1} \label{fig:M1} 
    \end{subfigure}
    \begin{subfigure}[b]{0.4\linewidth}
        \centering
   \begin{tikzpicture}
        \node[main node, label=left:{$a$},] (1) {};
        \node[main node, label=left:{$b$}] (2) [below = 1cm of 1] {};
        \node[main node, label=right:{$c$}] (3) [right = 1cm of 1] {};
        \node[main node, label=right:{$d$}] (4) [below = 1 cm of 3] {};
        \path[draw, thick]
        (1) edge node {} (2)
        (2) edge node {} (4)
        (3) edge node {} (4)
        (1) edge node {} (3);
    \end{tikzpicture}  
\caption{caption2} \label{fig:M2}  
\end{subfigure}
\caption{main caption}  
\end{figure}   
\end{document}

输出：

在此处输入图片描述

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