在 circuitikz 中对组件进行着色并自定义电压

Question

我有下一个代码：

\begin{center}
\begin{circuitikz}[american,thick]
    \ctikzset{bipoles/thickness=2}
    \draw (0,0) to [R = $R$,i=$i_f$,v=$v_R$] (4,0);
    \draw (4,0) to [empty led,v=$v_{LED}$](8,0);
    \draw (8,0) -- (8,-0.5) node[ground]{};
\end{circuitikz}
\end{center}

得出的结果是：

我想要得到的就是下图中用红色表示的内容：

1. +5V 标签（黑色）。
2. 电压指示器也是黑色的，但与相关元件完全分开。
3. 将 LED 颜色填充为红色。

Answer 1

第一个要求

\documentclass[11pt]{article}
\usepackage{circuitikz}
    
\begin{document}
\begin{circuitikz}[american,thick]
    \ctikzset{bipoles/thickness=2}
    \draw [short,o-](0,0) to [R = $R$,i=$i_f$,v=$v_R$] (4,0);
    \draw (4,0) to [empty led,v=$v_{LED}$](8,0);
    \draw (8,0) -- (8,-0.5) node[ground]{};
    
    \node[left=1cm] (node name) {+5V};
\end{circuitikz}

\end{document}

第二项要求

\documentclass[11pt]{article}
\usepackage{circuitikz}
\usetikzlibrary{calc, positioning}
    
\begin{document}
\begin{circuitikz}[american,thick]
    \ctikzset{bipoles/thickness=2}
    \draw [short,o-](0,0) to [R = $R$,i=$i_f$,v=$v_R$, name=r] (4,0);
    \draw (4,0) to [empty led,v=$v_{LED}$](8,0);
    \draw (8,0) -- (8,-0.5) node[ground]{};
    
    \node[left=1cm] (node name) {+5V};
    \draw[red,rounded corners=0.2cm,-latex, out=260,in=280,looseness=1.2] ($(r.east)+(0.5,0)$) to ($(r.west)+(-0.5,0)$);
\end{circuitikz}

\end{document}

第三项要求

\documentclass[11pt]{article}
\usepackage{circuitikz}
\usetikzlibrary{calc, positioning}
    
\begin{document}
\begin{circuitikz}[american,thick]
    \ctikzset{bipoles/thickness=2}
    \draw [short,o-](0,0) to [R = $R$,i=$i_f$,v=$v_R$, name=r] (4,0);
    \draw (4,0) to [empty led,v=$v_{LED}$, name=led](8,0);
    \draw (8,0) -- (8,-0.5) node[ground]{};
    
    \node[left=1cm] (node name) {+5V};
    \draw[red,rounded corners=0.2cm,-latex, out=260,in=280,looseness=1.2] ($(r.east)+(0.5,0)$) to ($(r.west)+(-0.5,0)$);

    \draw[red,rounded corners=0.2cm,-latex, out=260,in=280,looseness=2.3] ($(led.east)+(0.5,0)$) to ($(led.west)+(-0.5,0)$);
\end{circuitikz}

\end{document}

第四项要求

\documentclass[11pt]{article}
\usepackage{circuitikz}
\usetikzlibrary{calc, positioning}
    
\begin{document}
\begin{circuitikz}[american,thick]
    \ctikzset{bipoles/thickness=2}
    \draw [short,o-](0,0) to [R = $R$,i=$i_f$,v=$v_R$, name=r] (4,0);
    \draw (4,0) to [empty led,v=$v_{LED}$, name=led, fill=red](8,0);
    \draw (8,0) -- (8,-0.5) node[ground]{};
    
    \node[left=1cm] (node name) {+5V};
    \draw[red,rounded corners=0.2cm,-latex, out=260,in=280,looseness=1.2] 
   ($(r.east)+(0.5,0)$) to ($(r.west)+(-0.5,0)$);

    \draw[red,rounded corners=0.2cm,-latex, out=260,in=280,looseness=2.3] 
 ($(led.east)+(0.5,0)$) to ($(led.west)+(-0.5,0)$);
\end{circuitikz}

\end{document}

Answer 2

如果你使用正确的选项，这是附带的基本输出circuitikz：

\documentclass[border=10pt]{standalone}
\usepackage[siunitx, RPvoltages]{circuitikz}
\begin{document}
\begin{circuitikz}[american,thick]
    \ctikzset{bipoles/thickness=2, voltage=european}
    \draw (0,0) node[left]{\SI[retain-explicit-plus]{+5}{\volt}}
        to [R = $R$,i=$i_f$,v=$v_R$, o-] (4,0);
    \draw (4,0) to [empty led,fill=red, v=$v_{LED}$](8,0);
    \draw (8,0) -- (8,-0.5) node[ground]{};
\end{circuitikz}
\end{document}

您可以使用几个参数来改变箭头的外观（参见手册），或者，如果您确实想要一个非常不同的外观，可以使用高级电压（它们是实验性的，但或多或​​少是有效的）。

要消除电压，您只需使用参数bump b（手册第 142 页）。

\documentclass[border=10pt]{standalone}
\usepackage[siunitx, RPvoltages]{circuitikz}
\begin{document}
\begin{circuitikz}[american,thick]
    \ctikzset{bipoles/thickness=2, voltage=european}
    \draw (0,0) node[left]{\SI[retain-explicit-plus]{+5}{\volt}}
    to [R = $R$,i=$i_f$,v=$v_R$, voltage/bump b=3.5, o-] (4,0);
    \draw (4,0) to [empty led,fill=red, v=$v_{LED}$, voltage/bump b=2.5](8,0);
    \draw (8,0) -- (8,-0.5) node[ground]{};
\end{circuitikz}
\end{document}

如果你真的想要电压在下面箭头、不同的颜色等，您必须对绘制箭头负全部责任（参见手册第 153 页，“高级电压...”）

\documentclass[border=10pt]{standalone}
\usepackage[siunitx, RPvoltages]{circuitikz}
\begin{document}
\begin{circuitikz}[american,thick]
    \ctikzset{bipoles/thickness=2, voltage=european}
    \draw (0,0) node[left]{\SI[retain-explicit-plus]{+5}{\volt}}
        to [R = $R$,i=$i_f$,l_=$v_R$, v, name=myr, o-] (4,0);
    \draw (4,0) to [empty led,fill=red, l_=$v_{LED}$, v, name=myled](8,0);
    \draw (8,0) -- (8,-0.5) node[ground]{};
    \draw [-Triangle, red] ([yshift=-0.5cm]myled-Vfrom) to[out=-120, in=-60] ([yshift=-0.5cm]myled-Vto);
    \draw [-Triangle, red] ([yshift=-0.5cm]myr-Vfrom) to[out=-120, in=-60] ([yshift=-0.5cm]myr-Vto);
\end{circuitikz}
\end{document}