如何绘制具有不同标签和参考的线性轴

Question

和我之前的问题一致如何绘制带有不同替代距离刻度标签的线性轴？，这个问题已由@user30471 成功回答，现在我需要根据这些图表和他或她的答案进行修改，但我不知道如何修改代码来实现它。我留下了我现在需要做的事情的图片。非常感谢！

这是我迄今为止尝试过的

\begin{center}
\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=1]
   \draw[SteelBlue,thick,-LaTeX](1,0)-- ++(12,0) node[right] [right=0.5cm, below]{$t$};
   \foreach \lab  [count=\c] in {\frac{1}{(1+i)^n},\frac{1}{(1+i)^{n-1}},X,\frac{1}{(1+i)^{p+1}},\frac{1}{(1+i)^p},\frac{1}{(1+i)^{p-1}},X,\frac{1}{(1+i)^3},\frac{1}{(1+i)^2},\frac{1}{(1+i)},X} {
      \if\lab X\relax% jump over gap
         \node at (\c,0)[SteelBlue,thick]{//};
      \else
        \draw[SteelBlue,thick] (\c,0.2) -- ++(0,-0.4);
        \draw[SteelBlue] (13-\c,0) -- ++(0,\c/2-6)
                  -- ++(\c-12,0)node[left]{$\lab$};
      \fi
   }
\end{tikzpicture}

\结束{中心}

但我无法理解轴标签位置的逻辑，也不知道如何放置标签和引用，因为标签与引用不同

Answer 1

\documentclass[tikz, margin=3.14159mm]{standalone} 
\usetikzlibrary{arrows.meta}

\begin{document}
    \begin{tikzpicture}[>=Straight Barb, 
lbl/.style = {text depth=1ex, inner sep=1pt}
                        ]
\draw[blue,->] (0,0) -- (9,0);
% ticks
\foreach \i [count=\j from 0] in {0 , 1, 2, 3, (p-1), p, (n-1), n}
\draw (1.2*\j,1mm) node[lbl, above] {$\mathsf{C_{\i}}$} 
                   -- ++ (0,-2mm) 
    \ifnum\j>0  node[below] {$\mathsf{\frac{1}{(1+i)^{\i}}}$}\fi;
\draw[double]   (1.2*3.5,1mm) -- ++ (-1mm,-2mm)
                (1.2*5.5,1mm) -- ++ (-1mm,-2mm);
    \end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

附录： 或者从编辑过的问题中可以理解，对于问题的第一部分，您希望有：

\documentclass[tikz, svgnames, margin=3.14159mm]{standalone} 
\usetikzlibrary{arrows.meta}

\begin{document}

    \begin{tikzpicture}[>=Straight Barb, 
lbl/.style = {text depth=1ex, inner sep=1pt}
                        ]
\draw[SteelBlue, thick, ->] (0,0) -- (12,0);
\draw[double]   (1.2*3.5,1mm) -- ++ (-1mm,-2mm)
                (1.2*6.5,1mm) -- ++ (-1mm,-2mm);
% ticks
\foreach \i [count=\j from 0] in {0 , 1, 2, 3, (p-1), p, (p+1), (n-1), n}
{
\draw[SteelBlue]    (1.2*\j,1mm) node[lbl, above] {$\mathsf{C_{\i}}$} 
                                -- ++ (0,-2mm) coordinate (t\j);
\ifnum\j>0  
\node (n\j) [left,inner sep=0pt] at (0,-0.6*\j) {$\mathsf{\frac{1}{(1+i)^{\i}}}$};
\draw[densely dashed,SteelBlue] (n\j.4) -| (t\j);
\fi;
}
    \end{tikzpicture}

    \begin{tikzpicture}[>=Straight Barb,
lbl/.style = {text depth=1ex, inner sep=1pt}
                        ]
\draw[SteelBlue, thick, ->] (0,0) -- (12,0);
\draw[double]   (1.2*3.5,1mm) -- ++ (-1mm,-2mm)
                (1.2*6.5,1mm) -- ++ (-1mm,-2mm);
% ticks
\foreach \i [count=\j from 0] in {0 , 1, 2, 3, (p-1), p, (p+1), (n-1), n, n+1}
{
\draw[SteelBlue]    (1.2*\j,1mm) node[lbl, above] {$\mathsf{C_{\i}}$}
                                -- ++ (0,-2mm) coordinate (t\j);
}
%
\path[draw=SteelBlue,densely dotted] 
    (t0) -- ++ (0,-2) node[below] {$a(1,n,i)$}
    (t1) -- ++ (0,-1) node[below] {$a(0,n,i)$}
    (t8) -- ++ (0,-2) node[below] {$s(1,n,1)$}
    (t9) -- ++ (0,-1) node[below] {$a(0,n,1)$}
    ;
    \end{tikzpicture}
    
    \begin{tikzpicture}[>=Straight Barb,
lbl/.style = {text depth=1ex, inner sep=1pt, align=left}
                        ]
\draw[SteelBlue, thick, ->] (0,0) -- (12,0);
\draw[double]   (1.2*3.5,1mm) -- ++ (-1mm,-2mm)
                (1.2*6.5,1mm) -- ++ (-1mm,-2mm);
% ticks
\foreach \i [count=\j from 0] in {0 , 1, 2, 3, (p-1), p, (p+1), (n-1), n}
{
\draw[SteelBlue]    (1.2*\j,1mm) node[lbl, above] {$\mathsf{C_{\i}}$}
                                -- ++ (0,-2mm) coordinate (t\j);
}
%
    \begin{scope}[nodes={lbl,below=3mm, font=\footnotesize}]
\path
    (t0) node   {$\mathsf{C_{(0)}}$}
    (t1) node   {$\mathsf{I_{(0,1)}}$\\
                                   $\mathsf{C_{(1)}}$}
    (t2) node   {$\mathsf{I_{(1,2)}}$\\
                 $\mathsf{I_{(0,2)}}$\\
                 $\mathsf{C_{(2)}}$}
%
    (t5) node   {$\mathsf{I_{(p-1,p)}}$\\
                 $\mathsf{I_{(0,p)}}$\\
                 $\mathsf{C_{(p)}}$}
%
    (t7) node   {$\mathsf{I_{(n-2,n-1)}}$}
%
    (t8) node   {$\mathsf{I_{(n-1,n)}}$\\
                 $\mathsf{I_{(0,n)}}$\\
                 $\mathsf{C_{(n)}}$}
    ;
    \end{scope}
    \end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}