我如何在 TikZ 上创建这张图片？

Question

我目前正在努力想办法在 TikZ 上创建这张图片。我似乎无法正确绘制箭头，也无法弄清楚如何制作“列”以将其设置为私人和公开。任何帮助都值得感激。谢谢。

Answer 1

也许你想考虑tikzpeople绘制此类方案的包

\documentclass[tikz,border=3mm]{standalone} 
\usetikzlibrary{positioning}
\usepackage{tikzpeople}

\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[mylabel/.style={text width=8 mm, align=center}]
\node[bob, minimum width=1.5cm, 
    label={[mylabel, anchor=west]north east:{Public\\ n, e}}, 
    label={[mylabel, anchor=east]north west:{Private\\ d}}] (bob) {Bob};
\node[alice, minimum width=1.5cm, right=5cm of bob, mirrored,
    label={[mylabel, anchor=east]north west:{Public}}, 
    label={[mylabel, anchor=west]north east:{Private\\ M}}] (alice) {Alice};

\draw[->, thick, blue] ([yshift=2mm]bob.east) coordinate(aux-a)-- coordinate[near start] (aux) node[above, text width=1.5cm, align=center]{Alice reads e and n} (aux-a-|alice.west);

\draw[<-, thick, blue] ([yshift=-2mm]bob.east) coordinate(aux-b)-- node[below, text width=1.5cm, align=center]{Alice sends M'} coordinate[near end] (auxtwo) (aux-b-|alice.west);

\node[devil, minimum width=1.5cm, below right=5mm and 2cm of bob] (eve) {Eve};
\draw[->,red, ultra thick] (eve-|aux)--(aux);
\draw[->,red, ultra thick] (eve-|auxtwo)--(auxtwo);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

Answer 2

你可以从这个开始：

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage{mathtools}
\usepackage{minibox}

\begin{document}
    
\begin{tikzpicture}
    \def\rectanglepath{-- ++(5cm,0cm)  -- ++(0cm,5cm)  -- ++(-5cm,0cm) -- cycle}
    \draw (0,0) \rectanglepath;
    \node at (2.5,4) {Bob};
    \node at (1.5,3) {private};
    \node at (3.5,3) {public};
    \node at (1.5,2.5) {d};
    \node at (3.5,2.5) {n,e};
    \node at (5.9,3) {$\xrightarrow{\makebox[1.6cm]{\minibox{Alice reads\\ e and n}}}$};

    \draw (7,0) \rectanglepath;
    \node at (9.5,4) {Alice};
    \node at (8.5,3) {private};
    \node at (10.5,3) {public};
    \node at (10.5,2.5) {M};
    
    \node at (6.2,1.5) {$\xleftarrow{\makebox[1.5cm]{\minibox{Alice\\ sends\\ M}}}$};
    
    \draw (2.4,3.5) .. controls (3,2) and (3,2) .. (2.2,0.3);
    \draw (9.6,3.5) .. controls (9.5,2) and (9.2,2) .. (10.2,0.3);
    
    \draw[red] (5.2,2.6) -- (5.2,-1); %red lines
    \draw[red] (6.2,0.9) -- (6.2,-1); %red lines
    
    \def\rectanglepath{-- ++(2cm,0cm)  -- ++(0cm,2cm)  -- ++(-2cm,0cm) -- cycle}
    \draw (4.6,-3) \rectanglepath;
    \node at (5.6,-2) {Eve};
    
\end{tikzpicture}

.
\end{document}

控件的作用是：

点 1 和 2 是直线 [红色] 和曲线的端点。C1 和 C2 是曲线的控制点。它们像磁铁一样将直线吸引到它们的方向。

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}

\begin{document}


\begin{tikzpicture}
    
    %line
    \draw[red](0,0) -- (4,4);
    
    %curve  
    \draw (0,0) .. controls (0,4) and (4,0) .. (4,4);
    \draw [black, fill=white]  (0,0) circle (3pt) node[right] {1};%1st endpoint
    \draw [black, fill=white]  (4,4) circle (3pt) node[right] {2};%2st endpoint
    \draw [black, fill=white]  (0,4) circle (3pt) node[right] {C1};%controlpoint 1
    \draw [black, fill=white]  (4,0) circle (3pt) node[right] {C2};%controlpoint 2
    
    \draw[->, thick] (0.8,2) -- (0,3.9);
    \draw[->, thick] (3.4,2) -- (4,0.2);
    
\end{tikzpicture}

\end{document}

Answer 3

使用@Roland 答案作为起点（作为 OP MWE）并采用图像元素的相对定位：

\documentclass[tikz, margin=3mm]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows.meta,
                calc,
                fit,
                positioning,
                quotes}

\begin{document}
    \begin{tikzpicture}[
node distance = 3mm and 1mm,
     B/.style = {align=center},
     E/.style = {B, draw, inner xsep=3mm},
   FIT/.style = {draw, fit=#1},
     N/.style = {B, font=\large\bfseries},
  every edge quotes/.style = {auto, font=\small, align=center},
every edge/.style = {draw=gray, very thick, -{Straight Barb[scale=0.5]},
                    shorten >=2mm}, 
                        ]
\node[N] (bob)   {Bob}; 
%
\node[B,below  left=of bob] (b1) {private\\ d};
\node[B,below right=of bob] (b2) {public\\ n, e};
\coordinate[below=of b1.south -| bob] (bob');
    \draw (bob) to [bend left] (bob');
\node[FIT=(bob) (b1) (b2)  (bob')] (fitL) {};
%%%%
\node[N,
      right=44mm of bob -| fitL.east] (alice) {Alice};
%
\node[B,below  left=of alice] (a1) {private\\ d};
\node[B,below right=of alice] (a2) {public\\ n, e};
\coordinate[below=of a1.south -| alice] (alice');
    \draw (alice) to [bend right] (alice');
\node[FIT=(alice) (a1) (a2) (alice')] (fitR) {};
% messages
\draw   ([yshift= 5mm] fitL.east)    coordinate (fL)
            edge ["Alice reads\\ e and n"]  (fL -| fitR.west)
        ([yshift=-5mm] fitR.west)    coordinate (fR)
            edge ["Alice sends\\ M'" ']     (fR -| fitL.east);
% eve
\node[E, below=of $(fitL.south east)!0.5!(fitR.south west)$]  (eye) {Eve};
% looks
\draw[red, semithick, dashed]
        ([xshift=-2mm] eye.north) -- ([xshift= 3mm] fL)
        ([xshift= 2mm] eye.north) -- ([xshift=-3mm] fR);
    \end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}