tikz-tree 中的高亮区域

Question

问题

我正在寻找在 tikz 环境中实现以下结果的基本方法。目前我有下图的树部分。一般来说，如何将下图中的高亮区域（蓝色和绿色）添加到 tikz 树中？

奖励：我是否应该使用 tikz-tree？

采取的措施

我已经发现突出显示 tikz 树中的一组节点和突出显示/标记 tikz 树中的区域，但它们似乎不适用于我的问题。

目标输出

现在的进展

如果你想通过一个例子来展示这种方法，这就是我迄今为止的进展。

来源（如果需要）

\documentclass{standalone}

\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{trees, shapes}

\begin{document}
\pagestyle{empty}

\tikzstyle{level 1}=[sibling angle=90, shape = rectangle, minimum size=1.5em]
\tikzstyle{level 2}=[sibling angle=45, shape = rectangle, minimum size=1em]
\tikzstyle{level 3}=[sibling angle=22.5, shape = rectangle, minimum size=0.5em]
\tikzstyle{every node}=[fill]
\tikzstyle{edge from parent}=[draw, very thin]

\begin{tikzpicture}[
  grow cyclic,
  shape = circle,
  level distance=3em,
  triangle/.style = {fill=blue!20, regular polygon, regular polygon sides=3 },                    
                    border rotated/.style = {shape border rotate=180}
]
\node[triangle, border rotated, minimum size=3em] {} child [color=\A] foreach \A in {black, black, black, black}
    { node {} child [color=\B] foreach \B in {black, black, black}
        { node {} child [color=\C] foreach \C in {black, black, black}
            { node {} }
        }
    };
\end{tikzpicture}

\end{document}

Answer 1

如果你接受我之前的回答（基本上是从https://tex.stackexchange.com/a/539395），那么就很容易了。

\documentclass[tikz,border=9]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{trees,decorations,shapes.geometric,backgrounds}
\makeatletter
\newcount\tikzcountchildi
\newcount\tikzcountchildii
\newcount\tikzcountchildiii
\newcount\tikzcountchildiv
\newcount\tikzcountchildv
\newcount\tikzcountchildvi
\tikzset{garlic growth/.style={growth function=\tikz@grow@garlic,
/tikz/mmap/name=#1,mmap/#1/.is family,
mmap/initialize counts,
execute at end scope={%
\tikz@mmap@store@aux{n-i}{\the\tikzcountchildi}%
\tikz@mmap@store@aux{n-ii}{\the\tikzcountchildii}%
\tikz@mmap@store@aux{n-iii}{\the\tikzcountchildiii}%
\tikz@mmap@store@aux{n-iv}{\the\tikzcountchildiv}%
\tikz@mmap@store@aux{n-v}{\the\tikzcountchildv}%
\tikz@mmap@store@aux{n-vi}{\the\tikzcountchildvi}}},
mmap/.cd,initialize counts/.code={\tikzcountchildi=0%
\tikzcountchildii=0%
\tikzcountchildiii=0%
\tikzcountchildiv=0%
\tikzcountchildv=0%
\tikzcountchildvi=0%
}
}
\def\tikz@mmap@store@aux#1#2{%
\immediate\write\@mainaux{\string\expandafter\xdef\noexpand\csname pgfk@/tikz/mmap/\pgfkeysvalueof{/tikz/mmap/name}/#1\string\endcsname{#2}}}%
\def\tikz@mmap@get@from@aux#1#2{%
\ifcsname pgfk@/tikz/mmap/\pgfkeysvalueof{/tikz/mmap/name}/#1\endcsname
\edef#2{\csname pgfk@/tikz/mmap/\pgfkeysvalueof{/tikz/mmap/name}/#1\endcsname}%
\else
\edef#2{0}%
\fi
}

\newcount\tikzcountgrandchild
\def\tikz@grow@garlic{%
  \pgfmathsetmacro{\pgfutil@tempa}{\pgfkeysvalueof{/tikz/mmap/overall rotation}}%
  \ifcase\tikztreelevel 
  \or
   \global\advance\tikzcountchildi by1\relax%
   \tikz@mmap@get@from@aux{n-i}{\myni}%
   \tikz@mmap@get@from@aux{n-ii}{\mynii}%
   \tikz@mmap@get@from@aux{n-1-\the\tikzcountchildi}{\mynall}%
   \tikz@mmap@get@from@aux{p-1-\the\tikzcountchildi}{\mypi}%
   \ifnum\mynii>0
    \pgfmathsetmacro{\pgfutil@tempa}{\pgfutil@tempa+\pgfkeysvalueof{/tikz/mmap/sign}%
        *(\pgfkeysvalueof{/tikz/mmap/child weight}*(\mypi)*360/\mynii+%
            (1-\pgfkeysvalueof{/tikz/mmap/child weight})*(\tikzcountchildi-1)*360/\myni)}%
   \fi
  \or
   \global\advance\tikzcountchildii by1\relax%
   \tikz@mmap@get@from@aux{n-ii}{\mynii}%
   \tikz@mmap@get@from@aux{n-1-1}{\mynall}%
   \ifnum\mynii>0
    \pgfmathsetmacro{\pgfutil@tempa}{\pgfutil@tempa+\pgfkeysvalueof{/tikz/mmap/sign}%
    *(\tikzcountchildii-1-\mynall/2)*360/\mynii}%
   \fi
   \ifnum\tikznumberofcurrentchild=1\relax
    \tikz@mmap@store@aux{n-1-\the\tikzcountchildi}{\the\tikznumberofchildren}%
    \tikz@mmap@store@aux{p-1-\the\tikzcountchildi}{\the\numexpr\tikzcountchildii-1}%
    \tikz@mmap@store@aux{a-1-\the\tikzcountchildi-\the\tikzcountchildii}{\pgfutil@tempa}%
   \fi   
  \or
   \global\advance\tikzcountchildiii by1\relax%
   \ifnum\tikznumberofcurrentchild=1\relax
    \tikz@mmap@store@aux{n-1-\the\tikzcountchildi-\the\tikzcountchildii}{\the\tikznumberofchildren}%
    \tikz@mmap@store@aux{p-1-\the\tikzcountchildi-\the\tikzcountchildii}{\the\numexpr\tikzcountchildiii-1}%
   \fi   
   \tikz@mmap@get@from@aux{n-iii}{\myniii}%
   \tikz@mmap@get@from@aux{a-1-1-1}{\bettera}%
   \tikz@mmap@get@from@aux{n-1-1-1}{\mynall}%
   \ifdim\bettera pt=0pt\relax
   \else
    \pgfmathsetmacro{\pgfutil@tempa}{\bettera}%
   \fi
   \ifnum\myniii>0
    \pgfmathsetmacro{\pgfutil@tempa}{\pgfutil@tempa+\pgfkeysvalueof{/tikz/mmap/sign}%
     *(\tikzcountchildiii-1-\mynall/2)*360/\myniii}%
   \fi  
  \or
   \global\advance\tikzcountchildiv by1\relax%
   \tikz@mmap@get@from@aux{n-iv}{\myniv}%
   \ifnum\myniv>0
    \pgfmathsetmacro{\pgfutil@tempa}{\pgfutil@tempa+\pgfkeysvalueof{/tikz/mmap/sign}*(\tikzcountchildiv-1)*360/\myniv}%
   \fi  
  \or
   \tikz@mmap@get@from@aux{n-v}{\mynv}%
   \pgfmathsetmacro{\pgfutil@tempa}{\pgfutil@tempa+\pgfkeysvalueof{/tikz/mmap/sign}*(\tikzcountchildv-1)*360/\mynv}%
   \ifnum\mynv>0
    \global\advance\tikzcountchildv by1\relax%
   \fi
  \or
   \global\advance\tikzcountchildvi by1\relax%
   \tikz@mmap@get@from@aux{n-vi}{\mynvi}%
   \ifnum\myvi>0
    \pgfmathsetmacro{\pgfutil@tempa}{\pgfutil@tempa+(\tikzcountchildvi-1)*360/\mynvi}%
   \fi  
  \fi
  \pgftransformreset% 
  \pgftransformshift{\pgfpoint{\pgfkeysvalueof{/tikz/mmap/overall xshift}}%
        {\pgfkeysvalueof{/tikz/mmap/overall yshift}}}%
  \pgftransformrotate{\pgfutil@tempa}%
  \pgftransformxshift{\the\tikzleveldistance}%
}
\makeatother
\begin{document}
\tikzset{mmap/.cd,
    name/.initial=undef,
    overall rotation/.initial=0,
    overall xshift/.initial=0pt,
    overall yshift/.initial=0pt,
    sign/.initial=1,
    child weight/.initial=0.5,
    /tikz/.cd,
    Xshift/.style={xshift=#1,mmap/overall xshift=#1},
    Yshift/.style={yshift=#1,mmap/overall yshift=#1},
    branch color/.style={
        concept color=#1!80,ball color=#1!50,
        every child/.append style={concept color=#1!50},
    }
}

\begin{tikzpicture}[garlic growth=A,mmap/child weight=0,
            mmap/overall rotation=15,mmap/sign=-1,
  shape = circle,
            level 1/.style={shape = rectangle, minimum size=1.5em,
                level distance=1.2cm,
            },
            level 2/.style={shape = rectangle, minimum size=1em,
                level distance=2.4cm,
            },
            level 3/.style={shape = rectangle, minimum size=0.5em,
                level distance=3.6cm,sibling angle=40,
            },
  edge from parent/.style={draw, very thin},nodes=fill,
  level distance=3em,
  triangle/.style = {fill=blue!50, regular polygon, regular polygon sides=3 },                    
                    border rotated/.style = {shape border rotate=180}
]
\node[triangle, border rotated, minimum size=3em] (M){} child [color=\A] foreach \A in {black, black, black, black}
    { node {} child [color=\B] foreach \B in {black, black, black}
        { node {} child [color=\C] foreach \C in {black, black, black}
            { node {} }
        }
    };
\begin{scope}[on background layer]  
\fill[blue!20] (M.center) circle[radius=4.2cm];
\draw[yellow!50,line width=3.2em,line cap=round] (M-1.center) -- (M-1-1.center);    
\draw[yellow!50,line width=2.2em,line cap=round] (M-1-1.center) -- (M-1-1-2.center);    
\end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

如果您命名了节点，则无需猜测它们的索引。当然，您可以编写宏或样式，使线宽取决于级别，等等。