我一直想在我的文章里画一个大的流程图。我已经画完了大部分，但是有些地方卡住了。首先，我无法绘制图中红色标记的箭头。我尝试使用锚点东、西，但是失败了。其次，在之前类似的问题中，我被告知这里使用的代码是针对 TikZ 2.0 的，而新的 TikZ 3.0 有语法= of。当我使用这个语法时，整个流程图的尺寸变大并且超出了页面。我做错了什么？一般来说，我怎样才能调整文章中大流程图的大小？（我试过了\linewidth，但是没有用。）最后，我有一个疑问：图中标记为 1 的箭头，如何使其垂直？标记为 2 的箭头看起来是倾斜的，如何使其变直？
我使用的代码：
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage{listings}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes.geometric, arrows}
\usetikzlibrary{positioning}
\tikzstyle{io} = [trapezium, trapezium left angle=80, trapezium right angle=100, minimum width=2.5cm, minimum height=1.5cm, text centered, draw=black, fill=blue!30]
\tikzstyle{process} = [rectangle, minimum width=3cm, minimum height=1.5cm, text centered, draw=black, fill=orange!50]
\tikzstyle{arrow} = [thick,->,>=stealth]
\begin{document}
\begin{figure*}[h!] %{\linewidth}
%\centering
\begin{tikzpicture}
\node (A)[io,align=center]{A};
\node (B)[process, right of = A,xshift=3cm, align=center]{B};
\node (C)[io,right of = B,xshift=3cm, align=center]{C \\Ready};
\node (D)[process,right of = C,xshift=3cm, align=center]{Do Calculations};
\node (E)[process,below of = A,yshift=-1.5cm, align=center]{E};
\node (F)[io,below of = E,xshift=-1cm,yshift=-1.5cm, align=center]{F};
\node (G)[io,right of = F,xshift=2cm]{G};
\node(Addition)[process, below of = F,yshift=-1.5cm, align=center]{$F + \sum_{i=1}^{5} G $};
\node (OP)[io,below of = Addition, yshift = -1.5cm, align=center]{OP};
\node (H)[io,below of = D,yshift=-1.5cm, align=center]{H};
\node(I)[process, below of = H,yshift=-1.5cm, align=center]{Calculate $I$};
\node(J)[process, below of = I,yshift=-1.5cm, align=center]{Jjjj};
\node(K)[process, below of = J,yshift=-1.5cm, align=center]{Final calc};
\node(L)[process,right of = G,xshift=3.5cm, align=center]{Apply K function\\to get G};
\node(New G)[io,below of = L,yshift=-1.7cm, xshift=-1cm, align=center]{New G};
\draw [arrow] (A) -- (B);
\draw [arrow] (B) -- (C);
\draw [arrow] (C) -- (D);
\draw [arrow] (D) -- (H);
\draw [arrow] (H) -- (I);
\draw [arrow] (I) -- (J);
\draw [arrow] (J) -- (K);
%\draw [arrow] (K)node[anchor=west] -|- node[anchor=east](L);
\draw [arrow] (G) -- (L);
\draw [arrow] (L) -- (New G);
\draw [arrow] (New G) -- (Addition);
\draw [arrow] (Addition) -- (OP);
\draw [arrow] (F) -- (Addition);
\draw [arrow] (E) -- (F);
\draw [arrow] (E) -- (G);
\draw [arrow] (A) -- (E);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{figure*}
\end{document}
答案1
您确实应该使用positioning语法并避免所有这些手动额外转换，您可以说类似这样的话below right=2em and 1em of ...。还有其他类似quotes的东西可以使用，但在这种情况下并不值得。
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes.geometric}
\usetikzlibrary{positioning}
\tikzset{io/.style={trapezium, trapezium left angle=80, trapezium right angle=100,
minimum width=6em, minimum height=3em, text centered, draw=black, fill=blue!30},
process/.style={rectangle, minimum width=6em, minimum height=4.25em,
text centered, draw=black, fill=orange!50,inner xsep=1ex},
arrow/.style={thick,->,>=stealth}}
\begin{document}
\begin{figure*}[h!] %{\linewidth}
%\centering
\begin{tikzpicture}[node distance=2em and 2em,
nodes={align=center,font=\sffamily}]
\node (A)[io]{A};
\node (B)[process, right =of A]{B};
\node (C)[io,right =of B]{C \\Ready};
\node (D)[process,right =of C]{Do Calculations};
\node (E)[process,below = of A]{E};
\node (F)[io,below left=2em and 1em of E.south]{F};
\node (G)[io,below right=2em and 1em of E.south]{G};
\node(Addition)[process, below = of F]{$F + \sum_{i=1}^{5} G $};
\node (OP)[io,below = of Addition]{OP};
\node (H)[io,below = of D]{H};
\node(I)[process, below = of H]{Calculate $I$};
\node(J)[process, below = of I]{Jjjj};
\node(K)[process, below = of J]{Final calc};
\node(L)[process,right = of G]{Apply $K$ function\\to get $G$};
\path (L|-Addition) node(New G)[io]{New $G$};
\draw[arrow]
(A) edge (B)
(B) edge (C)
(C) edge (D)
(D) edge (H)
(H) edge (I)
(I) edge (J)
(J) edge (K)
(G) edge (L)
(L) edge[edge label={$2$}] (New G)
(New G) edge[edge label={$2$}] (Addition)
(Addition) edge (OP)
(F) edge (Addition)
(E) edge (F)
(E) edge (G)
(A) edge (E)
(K.west) -- ++ (-1.5em,0) |- (L);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{figure*}
\end{document}
答案2
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage{listings}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes.geometric, arrows}
\usetikzlibrary{positioning}
\tikzstyle{io} = [trapezium, trapezium left angle=80, trapezium right angle=100, minimum width=1.5cm, minimum height=2cm, text centered, draw=black, fill=blue!30, inner sep=20pt]
\tikzstyle{process} = [rectangle, minimum width=3cm, minimum height=2cm, text centered, draw=black, fill=orange!50, inner sep=0pt]
\tikzstyle{arrow} = [thick,->,>=stealth]
\begin{document}
\noindent\hspace{-0.1\columnwidth}
%\begin{figure*}[h!] %{\linewidth}
%\centering
\begin{tikzpicture}
\node (A)[io,align=center]{A};
\node (B)[process, right= of A,align=center]{B};
\node (C)[io,right= of B, align=center]{C \\Ready};
\node (D)[process,right=of C, align=center]{Do Calculations};
\node (E)[process,below= of A, align=center]{E};
\node (F)[io,below=of E, align=center]{F};
\node (G)[io,right=of F,]{G};
\node(Addition)[process, below= of F, align=center]{$F + \sum_{i=1}^{5} G $};
\node (OP)[io,below=of Addition, align=center]{OP};
\node (H)[io,below=of D, align=center]{H};
\node(I)[process, below=of H,align=center]{Calculate $I$};
\node(J)[process, below=of I,align=center]{Jjjj};
\node(K)[process, below=of J,align=center]{Final calc};
\node(L)[process,right= of G, align=center]{Apply K function\\to get G};
\node(New G)[io,below= of L, align=center]{New G};
\draw [arrow] (A) -- (B);
\draw [arrow] (B) -- (C);
\draw [arrow] (C) -- (D);
\draw [arrow] (D) -- (H);
\draw [arrow] (H) -- (I);
\draw [arrow] (I) -- (J);
\draw [arrow] (J) -- (K);
%\draw [arrow] (K)node[anchor=west] -|- node[anchor=east](L);
\draw [arrow] (G) -- (L);
\draw [arrow] (L) -- (New G);
\draw [arrow] (New G) -- (Addition);
\draw [arrow] (Addition) -- (OP);
\draw [arrow] (F) -- (Addition);
\draw [arrow] (E) -- (F);
\draw [arrow] (E) -- (G);
\draw [arrow] (A) -- (E);
\draw [arrow, red] (K.west)--++(-0.5,0)|-(L.east);
\end{tikzpicture}
%\end{figure*}
\end{document}