![绘制矩阵,用箭头描述](https://linux22.com/image/426561/%E7%BB%98%E5%88%B6%E7%9F%A9%E9%98%B5%EF%BC%8C%E7%94%A8%E7%AE%AD%E5%A4%B4%E6%8F%8F%E8%BF%B0.png)
我尝试使用此代码绘制此矩阵(图像),但是我的方程的形状有问题(第二张图像)我该如何纠正它?
\documentclass[12pt]{article}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{nicematrix}
\usepackage{amscd}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows.meta, matrix, quotes, positioning}
\begin{document}
\begin{equation}\label{key}
\left[ \left. \left( t_{A}\vert E_{\lambda_{i}}(A)\right)\right| X^{i}, X^{i} \right] =
\begin{tikzpicture}[LA/.style = {Straight Barb-Straight Barb,
shorten <=1pt, shorten >=1pt,
draw=blue}
]
\matrix (m) [matrix of math nodes,
left delimiter={[},
right delimiter={]}
]
{
\lambda_{i}&&0&\\
&\lambda_{i} &&\\
0 && \ddots &\\
&&& \lambda_{i}\\
};
%\draw (m-1-3.north east) -- (m-5-3.south east);
%\draw (m-4-1.north west) -- (m-4-5.north east);
%
\draw[LA] (m-3-1.south west |- m.south) to [" $d_{i}$ " '] (m-4-4.south east |- m.south);
%\draw[LA] (m-5-4.south west |- m.south) to ["2" '] (m-5-5.south east |- m.south);
%
\coordinate[right=5mm of m.east] (e);
\draw[LA] (m-1-3.north east -| e) to [" $d_{i}$ "] (m-4-4.south east -| e);
%\draw[LA] (m-4-5.north east -| e) to ["2"] (m-5-5.south east -| e);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{equation}
\end{document}
答案1
让我扩展我的评论来回答:
- 您需要将矩阵基线移动到其垂直中心
- 这足以添加
baseline
选项tikzpicture
:
\documentclass[12pt]{article}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{amscd}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows.meta, matrix, quotes, positioning}
\begin{document}
\begin{equation}\label{key}
\left[\bigl( t_{A}\vert E_{\lambda_{i}}(A)\bigr)\middle| X^{i}, X^{i} \right] =
\begin{tikzpicture}[baseline, %<------
LA/.style = {Straight Barb-Straight Barb,
shorten <=1pt, shorten >=1pt,
draw=blue}
]
\matrix (m) [matrix of math nodes,
left delimiter={[},
right delimiter={]}
]
{
\lambda_{i}&&0&\\
&\lambda_{i} &&\\
0 && \ddots &\\
&&& \lambda_{i}\\
};
\draw[LA] (m-3-1.south west |- m.south) to [" $d_{i}$ " '] (m-4-4.south east |- m.south);
\coordinate[right=5mm of m.east] (e);
\draw[LA] (m-1-3.north east -| e) to [" $d_{i}$ "] (m-4-4.south east -| e);
\end{tikzpicture}, \ i=1,\dotsc,k
\end{equation}
\end{document}
附录:
您可能喜欢使用该nicematrix
软件包编写的版本:
\documentclass[12pt]{article}
\usepackage{nicematrix}
\usepackage{tikz}
\begin{document}
\begin{equation}
\NiceMatrixOptions
{code-for-last-col=\color{blue},
code-for-last-row=\color{blue}}
\left[
\bigl( t_{A}\vert E_{\lambda_{i}}(A)\bigr)\middle| X^{i}, X^{i}
\right] =
\begin{bNiceMatrix}[last-row,last-col]
\lambda_{i} & & \Block{2-2}<\huge>{0} & \\
& \lambda_{i} & & & \quad\Vdots[line-style={solid,<->}]^{d_i} \\
\Block{2-2}<\huge>{0}
& & \ddots & & \\
& & & \lambda_{i} & \\
& \Ldots[line-style={solid,<->}]_{d_i} & \\
\end{bNiceMatrix}\ ,\ i=1,\dotsc,k
\end{equation}
\end{document}
为了获得最终结果,您需要至少编译两次此 MWE。
答案2
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage{etoolbox}
\let\bbordermatrix\bordermatrix
\patchcmd{\bbordermatrix}{8.75}{4.75}{}{}
\patchcmd{\bbordermatrix}{\left(}{\left[}{}{}
\patchcmd{\bbordermatrix}{\right)}{\right]}{}{}
\newcommand{\tikzmark}[1]{\tikz[overlay, remember picture] \coordinate (#1);}
\begin{document}
\[
\left[ \left. \left( t_{A}\vert E_{\lambda_{i}}(A)\right)\right| X^{i}, X^{i} \right] =\quad \bbordermatrix{~ &\tikzmark{harrowleft} & & &
\tikzmark{harrowright}\cr
\tikzmark{varrowtop} & \lambda_{i }& & 0 & \cr
&& \lambda_{i} && \cr
& 0 && \ddots &\cr
\tikzmark{varrowbottom} & & & & \lambda_{i} \cr
}
,\quad i=1,\dots, k.
\]
\tikz[overlay,remember picture] {
\draw[<->] ([yshift=2ex]harrowleft) -- ([yshift=2ex]harrowright)
node[midway,above] {\scriptsize $ d_{i} $};
\draw[<->] ([yshift=1.5ex,xshift=-2ex]varrowtop) -- ([xshift=-2ex]varrowbottom)
node[near end,left] {\scriptsize $d_{i}$};
}
\end{document}