如何使用 CircuiTikz 对齐芯片内的门？

Question

嗯，我不清楚“对齐”是什么意思。你的意思是端口的中心垂直位于引脚上方吗？要连接的引脚垂直位于端口输入引脚上方吗？

无论如何，您可以创建任意数量的对齐“行”。例如，

\path ($(C.north east)!0.5!(C.north)$) coordinate(mid-up);
\path ($(C.north west)!0.5!(C.north)$) coordinate(mid-down);

将在（非旋转）芯片的上部创建两个（不可见的）坐标点，一个位于北和东北中间，另一个位于另一侧对称。

所以：

documentclass[border=10pt]{standalone}
\usepackage[siunitx, RPvoltages]{circuitikz}

\begin{document}

\ctikzset{
    logic ports=ieee,
    logic ports origin=center, % not needed for IEEE
    chips/thickness=4,
 }
 \begin{tikzpicture}
 
 % when using in a node, you have to prepend "circuitikz/"
 \node[dipchip, num pins=16, hide numbers, rotate=90, circuitikz/chips/scale=5](C){};

 % create mid-up and mid-down coordinates
 % notice that the name of the coordinates do not change with rotation

 \path ($(C.north east)!0.5!(C.north)$) coordinate(mid-up);
 \path ($(C.north west)!0.5!(C.north)$) coordinate(mid-down);

 \path (C.center -| C.bpin 12) node[and port, rotate=90](N4){N4}; %%% gate N4
 \draw (C.bpin 12) |- (N4.out);

 \path (C.bpin 10 |- mid-up) node[nand port, rotate=90](N5){N5}; %%% gate N5
 \draw (C.bpin 10) |- (N5.out);

 \path (C.bpin 6 |- mid-down) node[nor port, rotate=90](N6){N6}; %%% gate N6
 \draw (C.bpin 6) |- (N6.in 1);

 \path (C.center -| C.bpin 10) node[not port, rotate=90](N7){N7}; %%% gate N7
 \draw (N7.in) |- (N6.out);
 \draw (N7.out) |- (N5.in 2);

 % external numbers
 \foreach \pin in {1,...,8} \node[font=\LARGE, below left] at(C.bpin \pin) {\pin};
 \foreach \pin in {9,...,16} \node[font=\LARGE, above left] at(C.bpin    \pin) {\pin};

 \end{tikzpicture}
 \end{document}

会给你：

为了显示发生了什么，我在这里添加了坐标线（1）：

现在，如果您想与引脚对齐，例如以这样的方式使 N6 的输入引脚与引脚 6 的垂直对齐，事情就会变得稍微复杂一些，因为位于中心但在输入引脚高度的端口没有锚点（2）。

因此，我将添加另外几个垂直级别并使用它们，使用in逻辑端口的锚点（请注意，在这种情况下，您的中心也或多或少位于中心，但这只是偶然的，因为芯片的宽度 --- 旋转时的高度 --- 现在是总数或高度的整数倍，具有您的比例参数）。

\documentclass[border=10pt]{standalone}
\usepackage[siunitx, RPvoltages]{circuitikz}

\begin{document}

\ctikzset{
    logic ports=ieee,
    logic ports origin=center, % not needed for IEEE
    chips/thickness=4,
 }
 \begin{tikzpicture}
 
 % when using in a node, you have to prepend "circuitikz/"
 \node[dipchip, num pins=16, hide numbers, rotate=90, circuitikz/chips/scale=5](C){};

 % create mid-up and mid-down coordinates
 % notice that the name of the coordinates do not change with rotation

 \path ($(C.north east)!0.5!(C.north)$) coordinate(mid-up);
 \path ($(C.north west)!0.5!(C.north)$) coordinate(mid-down);
 \path ($(mid-up)!0.5!(C.north)$) coordinate(mid-mid-up);
 \path ($(mid-down)!0.5!(C.north west)$) coordinate(mid-mid-down);

 \path (C.center -| C.bpin 12) node[and port, rotate=90](N4){N4}; %%% gate N4
 \draw (C.bpin 12) |- (N4.out);

 \path (C.bpin 10 |- mid-mid-up) node[nand port, rotate=90, anchor=in 2](N5){N5}; %%% gate N5
 \draw (C.bpin 10) |- (N5.out);

 \path (C.bpin 6 |- mid-mid-down) node[nor port, rotate=90, anchor=in 1](N6){N6}; %%% gate N6
 \draw (C.bpin 6) |- (N6.in 1);

 \path (C.center -| C.bpin 10) node[not port, rotate=90](N7){N7}; %%% gate N7
 \draw (N7.in) |- (N6.out);
 \draw (N7.out) |- (N5.in 2);

 % external numbers
 \foreach \pin in {1,...,8} \node[font=\LARGE, below left] at(C.bpin \pin) {\pin};
 \foreach \pin in {9,...,16} \node[font=\LARGE, above left] at(C.bpin    \pin) {\pin};


% code for the cord lines:
 \def\showcoord(#1){node[circle, red, draw, inner sep=1pt,
     pin={[red, overlay, inner sep=0.5pt, font=\small, pin distance=0.1cm,
    pin edge={red, overlay}]45:#1}](#1){}}

    \path (C.north) \showcoord(C.north) (C.center) \showcoord(C.center);
    \draw[dashed, red]  (mid-mid-up) \showcoord(mid-mid-up) -- (mid-mid-up -| C.south);
    \draw[dashed, red]  (mid-mid-down) \showcoord(mid-mid-down) -- (mid-mid-down -| C.south);
    \draw[dashed, red]  (C.north) -- (C.north -| C.south);
    \draw[dashed, red] (C.bpin 6) \showcoord(C.bpin 6) -- (C.bpin 11);
    \path (N5.in 2) \showcoord(N5.in 2) (N6.in 1) \showcoord(N6.in 1);


 \end{tikzpicture}
 \end{document}

没有坐标的话，就是这个：

所以基本上这取决于你真正想要什么。

脚注：

（1）显示坐标的代码：

\def\showcoord(#1){node[circle, red, draw, inner sep=1pt,
     pin={[red, overlay, inner sep=0.5pt, font=\small, pin distance=0.1cm,
    pin edge={red, overlay}]45:#1}](#1){}}

    \path (C.north) \showcoord(C.north) (C.center) \showcoord(C.center);
    \draw[dashed, red]  (mid-up) \showcoord(mid-up) -- (mid-up -| C.south);
    \draw[dashed, red]  (mid-down) \showcoord(mid-down) -- (mid-down -| C.south);
    \draw[dashed, red]  (C.north) -- (C.north -| C.south);
    \draw[dashed, red] (C.bpin 6) \showcoord(C.bpin 6) -- (C.bpin 11);

（2）这可能是合理的增强请求，是的......

Answer 1