多列间距错误

Question

我决定将两个表格放在多列块中，这样可以节省一些空间并使其看起来更整洁。

但是，发生了以下情况 - 第二个块的间距不对（表格稍微向下移动，文本向下移动了相当多）：

以下是我使用的代码：

\begin{multicols}{2}
    \begin{center}
        \begin{tabular}{@{} llll @{}}
            \toprule
            $P$ & $Q$ & $\neg \left(P \land Q \right)$ & $\neg P \lor \neg Q$\\
            \midrule
            T & T & F & F \\
            T & F & T & T \\
            F & T & T & T \\
            F & F & T & T \\
            \bottomrule
        \end{tabular}
        \begin{center}
            \small{Proof of equivalence: $\neg \left(P \land Q \right) \equiv \neg P \lor \neg Q$.} 
        \end{center}

    \end{center}
    \columnbreak
    \begin{center}
        \begin{tabular}{@{} llll @{}}
            \toprule
            $P$ & $Q$ & $\neg \left(P \land Q \right)$ & $\neg P \lor \neg Q$\\
            \midrule
            T & T & F & F \\
            T & F & T & T \\
            F & T & T & T \\
            F & F & T & T \\
            \bottomrule
        \end{tabular}
        \begin{center}
           \small{Proof of equivalence: $\neg \left(P \land Q \right) \equiv \neg P \lor \neg Q$.} 
        \end{center}
    \end{center}
\end{multicols}

有人能告诉我怎么修复它吗？谢谢！

Answer 1

另一种方法是使用两个小页面、tabular*表格和caption包，如下所示：

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{booktabs}
\usepackage{caption}

\begin{document}
    \begin{center}
    \captionsetup{font=small}
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.4\textwidth}
\centering
\begin{tabular*}{\linewidth}{@{\extracolsep{\fill}} cccc }
\toprule
$P$ & $Q$ & $\neg (P \land Q )$ & $\neg P \lor \neg Q$\\
\midrule
T & T & F & F \\
T & F & T & T \\
F & T & T & T \\
F & F & T & T \\
\bottomrule
\end{tabular*}
\captionof*{table}{Proof of equivalence: $\neg (P \land Q ) \equiv \neg P \lor \neg Q$.}
\end{minipage}
\hfil
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.4\textwidth}
    \centering
\begin{tabular*}{\linewidth}{@{\extracolsep{\fill}} cccc }
\toprule
$P$ & $Q$ & $\neg (P \land Q )$ & $\neg P \lor \neg Q$\\
\midrule
T & T & F & F \\
T & F & T & T \\
F & T & T & T \\
F & F & T & T \\
\bottomrule
\end{tabular*}
\captionof*{table}{Proof of equivalence: $\neg (P \land Q ) \equiv \neg P \lor \neg Q$.}
\end{minipage}
    \end{center}
\end{document}

Answer 2

我认为将手头的材料强行塞入双列multicols环境不是一个好主意。使用 aminipage和（可选）使用threeparttable环境将图例的宽度限制为相关环境的宽度tabular似乎是一种更直接的方法。

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{booktabs}
\usepackage[flushleft]{threeparttable} % for 'threeparttable' environment

\begin{document}
\noindent % <-- important
\begin{minipage}{\textwidth}
\centering
\begin{threeparttable} % first 'threeparttable'
\begin{tabular}[t]{@{} cccc @{}}
\toprule
$P$ & $Q$ & $\neg (P \land Q )$ & $\neg P \lor \neg Q$\\
\midrule
T & T & F & F \\
T & F & T & T \\
F & T & T & T \\
F & F & T & T \\
\bottomrule
\end{tabular}

\small\raggedright
\begin{tablenotes}
\item[]Proof of equivalence: $\neg (P \land Q ) \equiv \neg P \lor \neg Q$.
\end{tablenotes}
\end{threeparttable}% % <-- the '%' symbol is important
\qquad
\begin{threeparttable} % second 'threeparttable'
\begin{tabular}[t]{@{} cccc @{}}
\toprule
$P$ & $Q$ & $\neg (P \land Q )$ & $\neg P \lor \neg Q$\\
\midrule
T & T & F & F \\
T & F & T & T \\
F & T & T & T \\
F & F & T & T \\
\bottomrule
\end{tabular}

\small\raggedright
\begin{tablenotes}
\item[]Proof of equivalence: $\neg (P \land Q ) \equiv \neg P \lor \neg Q$.
\end{tablenotes}
\end{threeparttable}

\end{minipage}
\end{document}

Answer 3

通过两个并排的 minipage 环境，您可以实现以下输出：

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{booktabs}


\begin{document}
\noindent
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.45\textwidth}
  \centering
  Proof of equivalence: $\neg (P \land Q ) \equiv \neg P \lor \neg Q$.

  \begin{tabular}[t]{@{} cccc @{}}
    \toprule
    $P$ & $Q$ & $\neg (P \land Q )$ & $\neg P \lor \neg Q$\\
    \midrule
    T & T & F & F \\
    T & F & T & T \\
    F & T & T & T \\
    F & F & T & T \\
    \bottomrule
  \end{tabular}
\end{minipage}
\centering
\hfill
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.45\linewidth}
  \centering
  Proof of equivalence: $\neg (P \land Q ) \equiv \neg P \lor \neg Q$.

  \begin{tabular}[t]{@{} cccc @{}}
    \toprule
    $P$ & $Q$ & $\neg (P \land Q )$ & $\neg P \lor \neg Q$\\
    \midrule
    T & T & F & F \\
    T & F & T & T \\
    F & T & T & T \\
    F & F & T & T \\
    \bottomrule
  \end{tabular}
\end{minipage}
\end{document}