如何绘制金字塔中的棱柱堆栈？

Question

我正在尝试画这幅画

我试过

\documentclass[tikz,border=3mm]{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz,tikz-3dplot} 
\begin{document}
\tdplotsetmaincoords{100}{70}
\begin{tikzpicture}[tdplot_main_coords]
    \pgfmathsetmacro\a{2}
    \pgfmathsetmacro\h{5}
\path (-\a,-\a,0) coordinate (A) (-\a,\a,0) coordinate (B)
(\a,\a,0) coordinate (C) (\a,-\a,0) coordinate (D)
(0,0,\h) coordinate (T);
%\foreach \point/\position in {A/below,B/right,C/below,D/above,T/above}{\fill (\point) circle (1.5pt);\node[\position=1.5pt] at (\point) {$\point$};}
\draw[thick] (T) -- (A) -- (B) -- (C) -- cycle (T) -- (B);
\draw[dashed] (T) -- (D) -- (C) (A) -- (D);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

并得到

如何绘制金字塔中的棱柱堆栈？

Answer 1

如果您考虑使用不透明度（而不是虚线）来显示可见性的可能性，那么金字塔将非常容易。现在重要的是按顺序排列要绘制的所有多边形，以显示可见性。

例如，创建两个\pics，长方体和三角形，并使用3d和perspectiveTi钾Z 库：

\documentclass[border=2mm,tikz]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{3d,perspective}

\tikzset
{
  my  cuboid/.style={draw=red,fill=white,fill opacity=0.4},
  my pyramid/.style={draw},  % <--- you can fill and change the opacity her too, if you want
  pics/cuboid/.style 2 args={% #1 = base side, #2 = height
    code={%
      \draw[canvas is xy plane at z=0      ,pic actions] (-0.5*#1,-0.5*#1) rectangle ++ (#1,#1);
      \draw[canvas is xz plane at y=-0.5*#1,pic actions] (-0.5*#1,0)       rectangle ++ (#1,#2);
      \draw[canvas is yz plane at x=-0.5*#1,pic actions] (-0.5*#1,0)       rectangle ++ (#1,#2);
      \draw[canvas is xy plane at z=#2     ,pic actions] (-0.5*#1,-0.5*#1) rectangle ++ (#1,#1);
      \draw[canvas is xz plane at y= 0.5*#1,pic actions] (-0.5*#1,0)       rectangle ++ (#1,#2);
      \draw[canvas is yz plane at x= 0.5*#1,pic actions] (-0.5*#1,0)       rectangle ++ (#1,#2);
    }},
  pics/triangle/.style 2 args={% #1 = side, #2 = height
    code={\draw[pic actions] (-0.5*#1,0.5*#1,0) -- (0.5*#1,0.5*#1,0) -- (0,0,#2) -- cycle;}},
}

\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[line cap=round,line join=round,3d view={160}{20}]
% dimensions
\def\l{2.5} % pyrmaid side
\def\h{3}   % pyramid height
\def\n{9}   % number of cuboids
% pyramid, back
\foreach\i in {90,180}
  \pic[rotate around z=\i,my pyramid] {triangle={\l}{\h}};
% cuboids
\pgfmathsetmacro\hh{\h/(\n+1)}             % cuboid height
\foreach\i in {1,...,\n}
  \pgfmathsetmacro\ll{\l*(\n+1-\i)/(\n+1)} % cuboid side
  \pgfmathsetmacro\pp{\hh*(\i-1)}          % cuboid position
  \pic[my cuboid] at (0,0,\pp) {cuboid={\ll}{\hh}};
% pyramid, front
\foreach\i in {0,270}
  \pic[rotate around z=\i,my pyramid] {triangle={\l}{\h}};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}