简化重复相同图像的代码

Question

我想在布局中打印图像，

我当前的代码：

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{blindtext}
\usepackage{showframe}
\begin{document}
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=.3\linewidth]{example-image-a}\quad\includegraphics[width=.3\linewidth]{example-image-a}\quad\includegraphics[width=.3\linewidth]{example-image-a}\quad
\\[\baselineskip]% adds vertical line spacing
\includegraphics[width=.3\linewidth]{example-image-a}\quad\includegraphics[width=.3\linewidth]{example-image-a}\quad\includegraphics[width=.3\linewidth]{example-image-a} \quad
\includegraphics[width=.3\linewidth]{example-image-a}\quad\includegraphics[width=.3\linewidth]{example-image-a}\quad\includegraphics[width=.3\linewidth]{example-image-a} \quad
\includegraphics[width=.3\linewidth]{example-image-a}\quad\includegraphics[width=.3\linewidth]{example-image-a}\quad\includegraphics[width=.3\linewidth]{example-image-a} \quad
\includegraphics[width=.3\linewidth]{example-image-a}\quad\includegraphics[width=.3\linewidth]{example-image-a}\quad\includegraphics[width=.3\linewidth]{example-image-a} \quad
\includegraphics[width=.3\linewidth]{example-image-a}\quad\includegraphics[width=.3\linewidth]{example-image-a}\quad\includegraphics[width=.3\linewidth]{example-image-a} \quad
\includegraphics[width=.3\linewidth]{example-image-a}\quad\includegraphics[width=.3\linewidth]{example-image-a}\quad\includegraphics[width=.3\linewidth]{example-image-a}
\end{center}
\end{document}

我的输出：

如何简化我的代码，这样我就不需要\includegraphics多次复制和粘贴。一个例子是循环或 for-each 命令。

Answer 1

这是一个相当通用的\repeatthings命令。它有五个参数：

1. 重复次数
2. （可选）模数
3. 需要重复的事情
4. 物品之间放什么
5. （可选）模数中要放置什么

最后没有添加任何内容。

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{graphicx}

\ExplSyntaxOn
\NewDocumentCommand{\repeatthings}{m o m +m +O{}}
 {% #1 = number of repeats
  % #2 = optional modulo
  % #3 = thing to repeat
  % #4 = what to put in between
  % #5 = what to put at chunks specified by #2
  \IfNoValueTF { #2 }
   {
    \latexforti_repeat:nnn { #1 } { #3 } { #4 }
   }
   {
    \latexforti_repeat:nnnnn { #1 } { #2 } { #3 } { #4 } { #5 }
   }
 }

\cs_new_protected:Nn \latexforti_repeat:nnn
 {% no modulo
  \int_step_inline:nn { #1 - 1 }
   {
    #2 #3
   }
  #2
 }

\cs_new_protected:Nn \latexforti_repeat:nnnnn
 {
  \int_step_inline:nn { #1 - 1 }
   {
    #3
    \int_compare:nTF { \int_mod:nn { ##1 } { #2 } = 0 } { #5 } { #4 }
   }
   #3
 }
\ExplSyntaxOff

\begin{document}

\begin{center}
\repeatthings{18}[3]{\includegraphics[width=.3\linewidth]{example-image-a}}{\quad}[\\[1ex]]
\end{center}

\clearpage

\repeatthings{20}{I must not drive the principal's car}{\par}

\bigskip

\repeatthings{20}[5]{I must not crash the principal's car}{\par}[\par\medskip]

\end{document}

Answer 2

\newcommand如果所有图形都与代码中显示的相同，则创建一个。我创建了\addfig没有参数的命令。

新MWE

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{blindtext}

\newcommand{\addfig}{\includegraphics[width=.3\linewidth]{example-image-a}}

\usepackage{showframe}
\begin{document}
    \begin{center}
    \addfig\quad\addfig\quad\addfig\quad
    \\[\baselineskip]% adds vertical line spacing
    \addfig\quad\addfig\quad\addfig \quad
    \addfig\quad\addfig\quad\addfig \quad
    \addfig\quad\addfig\quad\addfig \quad
    \addfig\quad\addfig\quad\addfig \quad
    \addfig\quad\addfig\quad\addfig \quad
    \addfig\quad\addfig\quad\addfig
\end{center}
\end{document}

添加

如果您的图形不同，则向\addfig命令添加一个参数。例如\addfig{example-image-a}。在这里，您可以根据需要更改图形名称（example-image-a）。

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{blindtext}
\usepackage{showframe}

\newcommand{\addfig}[1]{\includegraphics[width=.3\linewidth]{#1}}

\begin{document}
    \begin{center}
    \addfig{example-image-a}\quad\addfig{example-image-b}\quad\addfig{example-image-c}\quad
    \\[\baselineskip]% adds vertical line spacing
    \addfig{example-image-a}\quad\addfig{example-image-c}\quad\addfig{example-image-a} \quad
    \addfig{example-image-c}\quad\addfig{example-image-a}\quad\addfig{example-image-a} \quad
    \addfig{example-image-b}\quad\addfig{example-image-a}\quad\addfig{example-image-a} \quad
    \addfig{example-image-a}\quad\addfig{example-image-a}\quad\addfig{example-image-a} \quad
    \addfig{example-image-a}\quad\addfig{example-image-a}\quad\addfig{example-image-a} \quad
    \addfig{example-image-a}\quad\addfig{example-image-a}\quad\addfig{example-image-a}
    \end{center}
\end{document}

Answer 3

您可以使用非常基本的\loop......\if构造\repeat并定义您自己的重复宏：

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{showframe}

\newcounter{repeatcount}
\newcommand{\repeatthis}[2]{%
    \setcounter{repeatcount}{0}%
    \loop%
    {#2}%
    \stepcounter{repeatcount}%
    \ifnum\value{repeatcount}<#1%
    \repeat%
}

\begin{document}

\begin{center}
\repeatthis{3}{\includegraphics[width=.3\linewidth]{example-image-a}\quad}
\\[\baselineskip]                                       % vertical line spacing
\repeatthis{14}{\includegraphics[width=.3\linewidth]{example-image-a}\quad}%
\includegraphics[width=.3\linewidth]{example-image-a}   % last item without `\quad`
\end{center}

\end{document}

然后，此宏将基本上重复其第二个参数中的所有内容，次数与第一个参数中所述次数相同。例如，\repeatthis{10}{Hello }将输出以下内容：

---

更新

egreg 的好主意是用一个（可选）参数来定义应该放在项目之间的东西，这里也可以实现：

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{showframe}

\newcounter{repeatcount}
\newcommand{\repeatthis}[3][]{%
    \setcounter{repeatcount}{0}%
    \loop%
    {#3}%
    \stepcounter{repeatcount}%
    \ifnum\value{repeatcount}<#2%
    {#1}%
    \repeat%
}

\begin{document}

\begin{center}
\repeatthis[\quad]{3}{\includegraphics[width=.3\linewidth]{example-image-a}}
\\[\baselineskip]          % vertical line spacing
\repeatthis[\quad]{15}{\includegraphics[width=.3\linewidth]{example-image-a}}%
\end{center}

\repeatthis[, ]{10}{Hello} % the "stuff between" is not placed after the last item

\end{document}

输出结果如下：