\documentclass[a4paper]{article}
\usepackage[12pt]{extsizes}
\usepackage{cmap}
\usepackage[T2A]{fontenc}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[english,russian]{babel}
\usepackage{caption}
\usepackage[left=2cm,right=2cm,top=2cm,bottom=2cm,bindingoffset=0cm]{geometry}
\usepackage[unicode, pdftex, colorlinks=true,
linkcolor = red
citecolor = green
filecolor = magenta
urlcolor = cyan]{hyperref}
\usepackage{colortbl}
\usepackage{setspace}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\pgfplotsset{compat = newest}
\begin{document}
\begin{center}
%\pgfplotsset{xmin = -2, xmax = 2, ymin = -2, ymax = 2}
\begin{tikzpicture}[xscale=1.5, yscale=1.5]
\begin{axis}[
axis lines = middle,
xmin = -2, xmax = 2,
ymin = -2, ymax = 2,
%title = Успеваемость, % Заголовок
xlabel = {$ I $},
ylabel = {$ Q $},
xtick={-1, 0, 1},
ytick={-1, 0, 1},
]
\draw (0,0) circle (15mm);
\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{center}
\end{document}
我无法绘制图表。有没有什么办法可以让它更简单一些？
答案1
砷钛矿钾Z 图绘制起来并不难。但是将所有图表放在一行会使图表太小（在我看来），所以我决定将带有图像的图组织成两行：
\documentclass[12pt]{article}
\usepackage[english,russian]{babel}
\usepackage{caption}
\usepackage[a4paper,
margin=2cm]{geometry}
\usepackage[table]{xcolor}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows.meta,
chains,
positioning,
quotes}
\usepackage[skip=1ex]{subcaption}
\begin{document}
\begin{figure}[ht]
\centering
\tikzset{
arr/.style = {-Straight Barb},
dot/.style = {circle, fill, inner sep=2pt, outer sep=0pt,
node contents={} },
every label/.style = {label distance=4pt,
font=\footnotesize, fill=white, inner sep=1.5pt},
every picture/.style = {scale=1.2}
}
\begin{subfigure}[t]{0.32\linewidth}
\hspace*{-4mm}\begin{tikzpicture}
% axis
\draw[arr] (-2.8,0) -- (2.8,0) node[right] {$\Re$};
\draw[arr] (0,-2.4) -- (0,2.4) node[above] {$\Im$};
% circle
\draw (0,0) circle[radius=15mm];
\foreach \i [count=\j] in {00, 01, 11, 10}
{
\pgfmathsetmacro{\angle}{\j*90-45}
\node at (\angle:15mm) [dot, label=\angle:\i];
}
\end{tikzpicture}
\caption{QPSK}\label{subfig:qpsk}
\end{subfigure}
\hfil
\begin{subfigure}[t]{0.32\linewidth}
\hspace*{-4mm}\begin{tikzpicture}
% axis
\draw[arr] (-2.8,0) -- (2.8,0) node[right] {$\Re$};
\draw[arr] (0,-2.4) -- (0,2.4) node[above] {$\Im$};
% circle
\draw (0,0) circle[radius=15mm];
\foreach \i [count=\j] in {000, 001, 011, 010,
110, 111, 101, 100}
{
\pgfmathsetmacro{\angle}{\j*45}
\node at (\angle:15mm) [dot, label=\angle:\i];
}
\end{tikzpicture}
\caption{8-PSK}\label{subfig:8-psk}
\end{subfigure}
\begin{subfigure}[t]{0.32\linewidth}
\begin{tikzpicture}
% axis
\draw[arr] (-2.8,0) -- (2.8,0) node[right] {$\Re$};
\draw[arr] (0,-2.4) -- (0,2.4) node[above] {$\Im$};
% circle
\draw (0,0) circle[radius=15mm];
\foreach \i [count=\j] in {0000, 0001, 0011, 0010,
0111, 0101, 0110, 0100,
0000, 0001, 0011, 0010,
0111, 0101, 0110, 0100}
{
\pgfmathsetmacro{\angle}{\j*22.5}
\node at (\angle:15mm) [dot, label=\angle:\i];
}
\end{tikzpicture}
\caption{16-PSK}\label{subfig:8-psk}
\end{subfigure}
\hfil
\begin{subfigure}[t]{0.32\linewidth}
\hspace*{-4mm}\begin{tikzpicture}
% axis
\draw[arr] (-2.8,0) -- (2.8,0) node[right] {$\Re$};
\draw[arr] (0,-2.4) -- (0,2.4) node[above] {$\Im$};
%
\foreach \i [count=\j from -2] in {0111, 0011, 1011, 1111}
\node at (\j+0.5,1.5) [dot, label=\i];
\foreach \i [count=\j from -2] in {0110, 0010, 1010, 1110}
\node at (\j+0.5,0.5) [dot, label=\i];
\foreach \i [count=\j from -2] in {0100, 0000, 1000, 1100}
\node at (\j+0.5,-0.5) [dot, label=\i];
\foreach \i [count=\j from -2] in {0101, 0001, 1001, 1101}
\node at (\j+0.5,-1.5) [dot, label=\i];
\end{tikzpicture}
\caption{16-QAM}\label{subfig:8-psk}
\end{subfigure}
%
\caption{Constellation diagrams}
\end{figure}
\end{document}
