在情节和情节设置中插入栏

Question

我想要绘制如下图所示的数据，其中条形图显示在右侧：

我的代码的当前状态是：

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\usepackage{tikz}

\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{axis}[
    xmin = 450, xmax = 1000,
    ymin = 0.0, ymax = 0.6,
    xtick distance = 50,
    ytick distance = 0.1,
    x label style={at={(axis description cs:0.5,-0.1)},anchor=north},
    y label style={at={(axis description cs:-0.05,.5)},rotate=90,anchor=south},
    % grid = both,
    % minor tick num = 1,
    % major grid style = {lightgray},
    % minor grid style = {lightgray!25},
    width = 0.8 \textwidth,
    height = 0.3\textwidth,
    xlabel = {Wavelength [nm]},
    ylabel = {Reflectance [\%/100]}]

% Plot data from file
\addplot[color=blue, smooth, thick] table[x=x, y=y, col sep=comma]{figures-src/chapter2/reflectance_suger_beets.csv};

\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}    
\end{document}

它看起来如下：

我想要做的是

1. 将条形图（例如红色 632-692nm 光谱带、红边等）插入到我的图中，
2. 在顶部和右侧添加轴，使得图看起来就像包含在第一个图的正方形中（我不确定我是否以一种可以理解的方式表述了这一点......）。

任何帮助都将非常感激！

Answer 1

以下是基于您的代码的示例：

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\usepackage{tikz}
\pgfplotsset{compat=newest}

\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{axis}[
    axis on top,
    xmin = 450, xmax = 1000,
    ymin = 0.0, ymax = 0.6,
    xtick distance = 50,
    ytick distance = 0.1,
    x label style={at={(axis description cs:0.5,-0.1)},anchor=north},
    width = 0.8 \textwidth,
    height = 0.5\textwidth,
    xlabel = {Wavelength [nm]},
    ylabel = {Reflectance [\%/100]}]

\fill[red!20!white] (axis cs:632,0.6) rectangle (axis cs:692,0);
\fill[red!40!white] (axis cs:706,0.6) rectangle (axis cs:746,0);
\fill[red!60!white] (axis cs:772,0.6) rectangle (axis cs:890,0);
\node[rotate=90] at (axis cs:662,0.3) {Red 632--692\,nm};
\node[rotate=90] at (axis cs:726,0.3) {Red-edge 706--746\,nm};
\node[rotate=90] at (axis cs:840,0.3) {NIR1 772--890\,nm};

\addplot[color=blue, smooth, thick, domain=450:1000] {0.001*(x-450)};

\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}    
\end{document}