当我使用 shortauthor 命令时，文本中的第一个 shortauthor 打印如下所示：.....（作者 [shortauthor]，年份）。
以下具有相同参考文献的短篇作者印刷品如下所示：.....（短篇作者，年份）
我希望文中印刷的引文只显示简短作者（如我的参考书目中所定义）-->（简短作者，年份）我不希望在第一版印刷中显示完整的作者。
我在文献中的引用：
@techreport{BMU2020,
author = {{BMU \& BfN - Bundesministerium für Umwelt, Naturschutz und nukleare Sicherheit und Bundesamt für Naturschutz}},
shortauthor = {{BMU \& BFN}},
file = {:Users/lucafuchs/Documents/Polybox/Masterarbeit Literatur und Bilder/Literatur/Jugendliche und Umwelt/jugend-naturbewusstsein_2020.pdf:pdf},
keywords = {Bundesministerium f{\"{u}}r Umwelt,Jugend-Naturbewusstsein 2020: Bev{\"{o}}lkerungsumfrage,Naturschutz und biologische Vielfalt,Naturschutz und nukleare Sicherheit (BMU),www.bmu.de},
title = {{Jugend-Naturbewusstsein 2020}},
url = {https://www.bmu.de/fileadmin/Daten_BMU/Pools/Broschueren/jugend-naturbewusstsein_2020.pdf},
year = {2020}
}
在我重新编译的 pdf 中，它显示了我的第一个引用：
....“...由此产生的中心权力”（BMU & BfN - 德国联邦环境、自然保护和核安全部和德国联邦自然保护局[BMU & BFN]，2020 年，第 27 页。）
但实际上我希望我的第一张印刷品看起来像这样：
....“由此得出的结论是：中央集权是一种必然结果” (BMU & BfN，2020 年，第 27 页)
我正在使用 biblatex - 这是我在序言中的输入：
\usepackage[
backend=biber,
style=apa,
sorting=aynt
]{biblatex}
\addbibresource{Literature.bib}
% maps apacite commands to biblatex commands
\let \citep \cite
\let \citet \textcite
\let \cite \parencite
这是我的工作示例：
\documentclass[
oneside,
11pt,
%oneside,
ngerman,
singlespacing,
%draft,
%nolistspacing,
%liststotoc,
%toctotoc,
%parskip,
%nohyperref,
headsepline,
]{Class File}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc} % Required for inputting international characters
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc} % Output font encoding for international characters
\usepackage{mathpazo} % Use the Palatino font by default
\usepackage[ngerman]{babel}
\usepackage[latin1]{inputenc}
\usepackage{color}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{amsthm}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{enumitem}
\usepackage{natbib}
\usepackage{color,soul}
\usepackage{tabu}
\usepackage{bibgerm}
\usepackage{tabularx}
\usepackage{array}
\usepackage{longtable}
\usepackage[dvipsnames]{xcolor}
\usepackage[bottom]{footmisc}
\newcolumntype{L}[1]{>{\raggedright\let\newline\\\arraybackslash\hspace{0pt}}m{#1}}
\newcolumntype{C}[1]{>{\centering\let\newline\\\arraybackslash\hspace{0pt}}m{#1}}
\newcolumntype{R}[1]{>{\raggedleft\let\newline\\\arraybackslash\hspace{0pt}}m{#1}}
\usepackage{booktabs}
\usepackage[ngerman]{babel}% deutsche Trennregeln
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}% wichtig für Trennung von Wörtern mit Umlauten
\usepackage{microtype}% verbesserter Randausgleich
%UNTEN FüR AUFLISTUNGEN
\usepackage{enumitem}
\newlist{titemize}{itemize}{1}% neue Listenumgebung für Tabellen
\setlist[titemize]{leftmargin=*,nosep,label=-}
%Tables
\setlength{\parindent}{0pt} %Paragraphen werden nicht eingesetzt
\usepackage[
backend=biber,
style=apa,
sorting=aynt
]{biblatex}
\addbibresource{Literature.bib}
% maps apacite commands to biblatex commands
\let \citep \cite
\let \citet \textcite
\let \cite \parencite
\providecommand{\shortcite}[1]{\cite{#1}}
\usepackage[autostyle=true]{csquotes} % Required to generate language-dependent quotes in the bibliography
\usepackage{blindtext}
%--------------------------------------------------------------------
% MARGIN SETTINGS
%--------------------------------------------------------------------
\geometry{
paper=a4paper, % Change to letterpaper for US letter
inner=2.3cm, % Inner margin
outer=2.5cm, % Outer margin
bindingoffset=.5cm, % Binding offset
top=1.9cm, % Top margin
bottom=2.2cm, % Bottom margin
%showframe, % Uncomment to show how the type block is set on the page
}
%--------------------------------------------------------------------
% THESIS INFORMATION
%--------------------------------------------------------------------
...
\AtBeginDocument{
\hypersetup{pdftitle=\ttitle} % Set the PDF's title to your title
\hypersetup{pdfauthor=\authorname} % Set the PDF's author to your name
\hypersetup{pdfkeywords=\keywordnames} % Set the PDF's keywords to your keywords
}
%----------------------------------------------------------------
% Tables are small now
\usepackage{floatrow}
%---------------------------------------------------------------
%----------------------------------------------------------------
\begin{document}
% Tables are small now
\floatsetup[table]{font=small}
%----------------------------------------------------------------
\frontmatter % Use roman page numbering style (i, ii, iii, iv...) for the pre-content pages
\pagestyle{plain} % Default to the plain heading style until the thesis style is called for the body content
%----------------------------------------------------------------
% TITLE PAGE
%----------------------------------------------------------------
\begin{titlepage}
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=6cm]{Graphics/eth_logo.eps} %\includegraphics{eth_logo} % University/department logo - uncomment to place it
\vspace*{.06\textheight}
\begin{center}
\textsc{\Large Master-Arbeit}\\[0.5cm] % Thesis type
\end{center}
\HRule \\[0.4cm] % Horizontal line
{\huge \bfseries \ttitle\par}\vspace{0.4cm} % Thesis title
\HRule \\[1.5cm] % Horizontal line
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.4\textwidth}
\begin{flushleft} \large
\emph{Verfasser:}\\
{\authorname}
\addressname
\end{flushleft}
\end{minipage}
\begin{minipage}[t]{0.45\textwidth}
\begin{flushright} \large
\emph{Referent:} \\
{\supname} \\
\emph{Koreferent:}\\
Florian \textsc{Knaus}\\
\end{flushright}\\
\end{minipage}\\[3cm]
\vfill
\large \textit{\degreename}\\[0.3cm] % University requirement text
\textit{}\\[0.4cm]
\groupname\\\deptname\\[2cm] % Research group name and department name
\vfill
{\large \today}\\[4cm] % Date
\vfill
\end{center}
\end{titlepage}
\let\cleardoublepage\clearpage
%----------------------------------------------------------------
% FOREWORD PAGE
%----------------------------------------------------------------
\chapter*{Vorwort}
\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{Vorwort}
....
\let\cleardoublepage\clearpage
%----------------------------------------------------------------
% ABSTRACT PAGE
%----------------------------------------------------------------
\chapter*{Zusammenfassung}
\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{Zusammenfassung}
\let\cleardoublepage\clearpage
\let\cleardoublepage\clearpage
%--------------------------------------------------------------------
% TABLE OF CONTENTS
%--------------------------------------------------------------------
\cleardoublepage
\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{\contentsname}
\tableofcontents % Prints the main table of contents
\let\cleardoublepage\clearpage
\cleardoublepage
\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{\listfigurename}
\listoffigures % Prints the list of figures
\let\cleardoublepage\clearpage
\cleardoublepage
\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{\listtablename}
\listoftables % Prints the list of tables
\let\cleardoublepage\clearpage
%--------------------------------------------------------------------
% ABBREVIATIONS
%--------------------------------------------------------------------
\begin{abbreviations}{ll} % Include a list of abbreviations (a table of two columns)
\textbf{BAFU} - Bundesamt für Umwelt - Schweiz\\
\textbf{BfN} - Bundesamt für Naturschutz - Deutschland\\
\textbf{BMU} - Bundesministerium für Umwelt, Naturschutz und Nukleare Sicherheit - Deutschland\\
\textbf{BR} - Biosphärenreservat \\
\textbf{UBE} - UNESCO Biosphäre Entlebuch\\
\textbf{WSL} - Eidgenössiche Forschungsanstalt für Wald, Schnee und Landschaft\\
\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{Abkürzungsverzeichnis}
\end{abbreviations}
\let\cleardoublepage\clearpage
%----------------------------------------------------------------
% THESIS CONTENT - CHAPTERS
%----------------------------------------------------------------
\mainmatter % Begin numeric (1,2,3...) page numbering
\pagestyle{thesis} % Return the page headers back to the "thesis" style
\include{Chapters/00_Einleitung}
\include{Chapters/01_Forschungsstand und theoretische Grundlagen}
\include{Chapters/02_Forschungsdesign und Methode}
\include{Chapters/03_Resultate}
\include{Chapters/04_Diskussion}
\include{Chapters/05_Fazit}
%--------------------------------------------------------------------
% THESIS CONTENT - APPENDICES
%--------------------------------------------------------------------
\appendix % Cue to tell LaTeX that the following "chapters" are Appendices
\include{Appendices/Eigenständigkeitserklärung}
\include{Appendices/Soziodemographische Merkmale Teilnehmer:innen}
\include{Appendices/Interviewleitfaden}
\include{Appendices/Transkriptionsleitfaden}
\include{Appendices/Kodierleitfaden}
\include{Appendices/Kategorienhandbuch}
% Include the appendices of the thesis as separate files from the Appendices folder
% Uncomment the lines as you write the Appendices
%\include{Appendices/AppendixA}
%\include{Appendices/AppendixB}
%----------------------------------------------------------------
% BIBLIOGRAPHY
%----------------------------------------------------------------
\cleardoublepage
\phantomsection
\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{Literatur}
\raggedright
\printbibliography
\bibliographystyle{plain.bst}
\end{document}
我怎样才能做到这一点？
答案1
下面的这个最小示例可以重现该效果
\documentclass[ngerman]{article}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage{babel}
\usepackage{csquotes}
\usepackage[backend=biber, style=apa]{biblatex}
\begin{filecontents}{\jobname.bib}
@techreport{BMU2020,
author = {{BMU \& BfN -- Bundesministerium für Umwelt, Naturschutz und nukleare Sicherheit
und Bundesamt für Naturschutz}},
shortauthor = {{BMU \& BFN}},
title = {{Jugend-Naturbewusstsein 2020}},
url = {https://www.bmu.de/fileadmin/Daten_BMU/Pools/Broschueren/jugend-naturbewusstsein_2020.pdf},
year = {2020},
}
\end{filecontents}
\addbibresource{\jobname.bib}
\addbibresource{biblatex-examples.bib}
\begin{document}
Lorem \autocite{BMU2020}
ipsum \autocite{sigfridsson}
dolor \autocite{BMU2020}
\printbibliography
\end{document}
我的理解是，如果你稍微修改一下你的例子
\documentclass[ngerman]{article}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage{babel}
\usepackage{csquotes}
\usepackage[backend=biber, style=apa]{biblatex}
\begin{filecontents}{\jobname.bib}
@techreport{BMU2020,
author = {{Bundesministerium für Umwelt, Naturschutz und nukleare Sicherheit
und Bundesamt für Naturschutz}},
shortauthor = {{BMU \& BFN}},
title = {{Jugend-Naturbewusstsein 2020}},
url = {https://www.bmu.de/fileadmin/Daten_BMU/Pools/Broschueren/jugend-naturbewusstsein_2020.pdf},
year = {2020},
}
\end{filecontents}
\addbibresource{\jobname.bib}
\addbibresource{biblatex-examples.bib}
\begin{document}
Lorem \autocite{BMU2020}
ipsum \autocite{sigfridsson}
dolor \autocite{BMU2020}
\printbibliography
\end{document}
您将获得 APA 样式所需的输出（请参阅https://apastyle.apa.org/style-grammar-guidelines/citations/basic-principles/author-date）。
如果您实际上不想要 APA 样式，通常最好不要使用，style=apa,最好坚持使用标准样式，style=authoryear,因为标准样式更容易定制。
也就是说，使用以下代码，您可以始终强制style=apa,仅显示shortauthor
\documentclass[ngerman]{article}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage{babel}
\usepackage{csquotes}
\usepackage[backend=biber, style=apa]{biblatex}
\makeatletter
\let\cbx@apa@ifnamesaved\@firstoftwo
\makeatother
\begin{filecontents}{\jobname.bib}
@techreport{BMU2020,
author = {{BMU \& BFN --
Bundesministerium für Umwelt, Naturschutz und nukleare Sicherheit
und Bundesamt für Naturschutz}},
shortauthor = {{BMU \& BFN}},
title = {{Jugend-Naturbewusstsein 2020}},
url = {https://www.bmu.de/fileadmin/Daten_BMU/Pools/Broschueren/jugend-naturbewusstsein_2020.pdf},
year = {2020},
}
\end{filecontents}
\addbibresource{\jobname.bib}
\addbibresource{biblatex-examples.bib}
\begin{document}
Lorem \autocite{BMU2020}
ipsum \autocite{sigfridsson}
dolor \autocite{BMU2020}
\printbibliography
\end{document}
