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将太长的公式移至中心并扩展 LaTeX 中文本的宽度？

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将太长的公式移至中心并扩展 LaTeX 中文本的宽度？

我做了一个公式，它太长了，所以它显示不居中。我希望将它移动到中心并仅为此公式扩展文本宽度，因此在此公式之后，我希望文本宽度恢复为默认值。

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage[version=4]{mhchem}
\usepackage{mathtools}
\begin{document}
\centering
\begin{align}
      \label{eq:MgSO4}
     \left( \ce{MgSO4}\right)&=-\frac{10^{\text{pH}+\frac{47580 t^2+12996477 t+5804780000}{100000 (20 t+5463)}+\frac{29441213}{5000000}}}
      {
        \splitfrac{-10^{\frac{16393 t^2}{25000 (20 t+5463)}+\frac{47580 t^2+12996477 t+5804780000}{100000 (20 t+5463)}+\frac{89554959 t}{500000 (20 t+5463)}+\frac{340471}{5 (20 t+5463)}+\frac{477}{2000000}}}{-10^{\text{pH}+\frac{58880041}{10000000}} 
        \left(10^{\text{pH}}+10^{\frac{47580 t^2+12996477 t+5804780000}{100000 (20 t+5463)}+\frac{477}{2000000}}\right)}}\\
      \label{eq:CaSO4}
      \left(\ce{CaSO4}\right)&=-\frac{10^{\frac{16393 t^2}{25000 (20 t+5463)}+\frac{47580 t^2+12996477 t+5804780000}{100000 (20 t+5463)}+\frac{89554959 t}{500000 (20 t+5463)}+\frac{340471}{5 (20 t+5463)}+\frac{477}{2000000}}}
      {
        \splitfrac{-10^{\frac{16393 t^2}{25000 (20 t+5463)}+\frac{47580 t^2+12996477 t+5804780000}{100000 (20 t+5463)}+\frac{89554959 t}{500000 (20 t+5463)}+\frac{340471}{5 (20 t+5463)}+\frac{477}{2000000}}}{-10^{\text{pH}+\frac{58880041}{10000000}} 
        \left(10^{\text{pH}}+10^{\frac{47580 t^2+12996477 t+5804780000}{100000 (20 t+5463)}+\frac{477}{2000000}}\right)}}\\
      \label{eq:CaMg(CO3)2}
      \left(\ce{CaMg(CO3)2}\right)&=-\frac{10^{2 \text{pH}+\frac{58880041}{10000000}}}
      {
        \splitfrac{-10^{\frac{16393 t^2}{25000 (20 t+5463)}+\frac{47580 t^2+12996477 t+5804780000}{100000 (20 t+5463)}+\frac{89554959 t}{500000 (20 t+5463)}+\frac{340471}{5 (20 t+5463)}+\frac{477}{2000000}}}{-10^{\text{pH}+\frac{58880041}{10000000}} 
        \left(10^{\text{pH}}+10^{\frac{47580 t^2+12996477 t+5804780000}{100000 (20 t+5463)}+\frac{477}{2000000}}\right)}}   
   \end{align}
\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述 由于分母已被分成两部分，有没有办法为分母添加背景，以便读者知道这两部分应该一起阅读？

答案1

当然，从风格上来说，这有点不合时宜，但这是可行的：

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage[version=4]{mhchem}
\usepackage{mathtools}
%\UseTblrLibrary{booktabs, siunitx}  % throws an error
\usepackage{chngpage}
\begin{document}
%\centering  % why is this here?
\begin{adjustwidth}{-2.5cm}{-2.5cm}  
\begin{align}
      \label{eq:MgSO4}
     \left( \ce{MgSO4}\right)&=-\frac{10^{\text{pH}+\frac{47580 t^2+12996477 t+5804780000}{100000 (20 t+5463)}+\frac{29441213}{5000000}}}
      {
        \splitfrac{-10^{\frac{16393 t^2}{25000 (20 t+5463)}+\frac{47580 t^2+12996477 t+5804780000}{100000 (20 t+5463)}+\frac{89554959 t}{500000 (20 t+5463)}+\frac{340471}{5 (20 t+5463)}+\frac{477}{2000000}}}{-10^{\text{pH}+\frac{58880041}{10000000}} 
        \left(10^{\text{pH}}+10^{\frac{47580 t^2+12996477 t+5804780000}{100000 (20 t+5463)}+\frac{477}{2000000}}\right)}}\\
      \label{eq:CaSO4}
      \left(\ce{CaSO4}\right)&=-\frac{10^{\frac{16393 t^2}{25000 (20 t+5463)}+\frac{47580 t^2+12996477 t+5804780000}{100000 (20 t+5463)}+\frac{89554959 t}{500000 (20 t+5463)}+\frac{340471}{5 (20 t+5463)}+\frac{477}{2000000}}}
      {
        \splitfrac{-10^{\frac{16393 t^2}{25000 (20 t+5463)}+\frac{47580 t^2+12996477 t+5804780000}{100000 (20 t+5463)}+\frac{89554959 t}{500000 (20 t+5463)}+\frac{340471}{5 (20 t+5463)}+\frac{477}{2000000}}}{-10^{\text{pH}+\frac{58880041}{10000000}} 
        \left(10^{\text{pH}}+10^{\frac{47580 t^2+12996477 t+5804780000}{100000 (20 t+5463)}+\frac{477}{2000000}}\right)}}\\
      \label{eq:CaMg(CO3)2}
      \left(\ce{CaMg(CO3)2}\right)&=-\frac{10^{2 \text{pH}+\frac{58880041}{10000000}}}
      {
        \splitfrac{-10^{\frac{16393 t^2}{25000 (20 t+5463)}+\frac{47580 t^2+12996477 t+5804780000}{100000 (20 t+5463)}+\frac{89554959 t}{500000 (20 t+5463)}+\frac{340471}{5 (20 t+5463)}+\frac{477}{2000000}}}{-10^{\text{pH}+\frac{58880041}{10000000}} 
        \left(10^{\text{pH}}+10^{\frac{47580 t^2+12996477 t+5804780000}{100000 (20 t+5463)}+\frac{477}{2000000}}\right)}}   
   \end{align}
\end{adjustwidth}
\end{document}

chngpage这将使用与环境相关的包adjustwidth。

答案2

一种可能的解决方案是，结合加载geometry，以获得更合适的边距，fleqn环境和来自的中等大小的分数nccmath，以及\mathrlap来自的mathtools：

    \documentclass{article}
    \usepackage{amsmath}
    \usepackage[version=4]{mhchem}
    \usepackage{nccmath, mathtools}
    \usepackage[showframe]{geometry}

    \begin{document}

    \begin{fleqn}
    \begin{align}
          \label{eq:MgSO4}
         \left( \ce{MgSO4}\right)&=-\mathrlap{\mfrac{10^{\text{pH}+\frac{47580 t²+12996477 t+5804780000}{100000 (20 t+5463)}+\frac{29441213}{5000000}}}
          {
            \splitfrac{-10^{\frac{16393 t²}{25000 (20 t+5463)}+\frac{47580 t²+12996477 t+5804780000}{100000 (20 t+5463)}+\frac{89554959 t}{500000 (20 t+5463)}+\frac{340471}{5 (20 t+5463)}+\frac{477}{2000000}}}{-10^{\text{pH}+\frac{58880041}{10000000}}
            \left(10^{\text{pH}}+10^{\frac{47580 t²+12996477 t+5804780000}{100000 (20 t+5463)}+\frac{477}{2000000}}\right)}}}\\
          \label{eq:CaSO4}
          \left(\ce{CaSO4}\right)&=-\mathrlap{\mfrac{10^{\frac{16393 t²}{25000 (20 t+5463)}+\frac{47580 t²+12996477 t+5804780000}{100000 (20 t+5463)}+\frac{89554959 t}{500000 (20 t+5463)}+\frac{340471}{5 (20 t+5463)}+\frac{477}{2000000}}}
          {
            \splitfrac{-10^{\frac{16393 t²}{25000 (20 t+5463)}+\frac{47580 t²+12996477 t+5804780000}{100000 (20 t+5463)}+\frac{89554959 t}{500000 (20 t+5463)}+\frac{340471}{5 (20 t+5463)}+\frac{477}{2000000}}}{-10^{\text{pH}+\frac{58880041}{10000000}}
            \left(10^{\text{pH}}+10^{\frac{47580 t²+12996477 t+5804780000}{100000 (20 t+5463)}+\frac{477}{2000000}}\right)}}}\\
          \label{eq:CaMg(CO3)2}
          \left(\ce{CaMg(CO3)2}\right)&=-\mathrlap{\mfrac{10^{2 \text{pH}+\frac{58880041}{10000000}}}
          {
            \splitfrac{-10^{\frac{16393 t²}{25000 (20 t+5463)}+\frac{47580 t²+12996477 t+5804780000}{100000 (20 t+5463)}+\frac{89554959 t}{500000 (20 t+5463)}+\frac{340471}{5 (20 t+5463)}+\frac{477}{2000000}}}{-10^{\text{pH}+\frac{58880041}{10000000}}
            \left(10^{\text{pH}}+10^{\frac{47580 t²+12996477 t+5804780000}{100000 (20 t+5463)}+\frac{477}{2000000}}\right)}}}
       \end{align}
    \end{fleqn}

    \end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

答案3

增加文本块的宽度可能会略有帮助。但是，我认为最好将重点放在识别三个方程的分子和分母项中的共同“块”或“块”。例如，人们不仅可能注意到所有三个分母都相同，而且第二个方程中分数的分子出现在所有三个大分母中。因此，第二个方程的 RHS 可以写为\frac{U}{U+V}。在收集更多共同术语后，人们得出以下结论：

在此处输入图片描述

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[version=4]{mhchem}
\usepackage{mathtools}
\DeclareMathOperator{\ten}{ten}
\newcommand\pH{\mathrm{pH}}
\begin{document}
\noindent
Put $\ten(x)\equiv 10^{x}$. Then
\begin{align}
( \ce{MgSO4})    &= A/D \label{eq:MgSO4} \\
(\ce{CaSO4})     &= B/D \label{eq:CaSO4} \\
(\ce{CaMg(CO3)2})&= C/D \label{eq:CaMg(CO3)2}
\end{align}
where
\begin{align*}
A&=\ten(\pH+H+N) \\
B&=\ten(G+H+J+K+L) \\
C&=\ten(2\pH+M) \\
D&=B + \ten(\pH+M) [\ten(\pH)+\ten(H+L)] \\
\shortintertext{and}
G&= \frac{16393 t^2}{25000 (20t+5463)} \\[\jot]
H&= \frac{47580 t^2+12996477 t+5804780000}{100000 (20t+5463)} \\[\jot]
J&= \frac{89554959 t}{500000 (20t+5463)} \\[\jot]
K&= \frac{340471}{5 (20t+5463)} \\[\jot]
L&= \frac{477}{2000000} \\[\jot]
M&= \frac{58880041}{10000000} \\[\jot]
N&= \frac{29441213}{5000000} \,.
\end{align*}
\end{document}

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