我有以下绘制链接列表的代码
最初，它将节点文本打印为靠在节点的右边缘。将\hspace*{-3pt}每个文本放在前面解决了这个水平错位问题。
\documentclass[a4paper,openany,14pt]{extbook}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes.multipart,chains,positioning,arrows,calc,arrows.meta}
\newcommand{\columnratio}{0.62} % to be able to fit the TikZ drawing
\newcommand{\columnseper}{12pt} % inside small sections
\begin{document}
\pgfmathsetlengthmacro{\ourwidth}{\columnratio * \linewidth - \columnseper}
\tikzset{thebox/.style = {
% args={2}, % Nope
rectangle split, rectangle split horizontal,
rectangle split parts=2,
very thick, draw=black!100,
align=center,font=\footnotesize,
text width=0.047 * \ourwidth,
minimum width=0.040 * \ourwidth,
text height=0.023 * \ourwidth,
text depth=2.7pt,
inner xsep=0.30cm,
% inner xsep west = 0.10cm % Nope
node distance = 4mm,
% \nodepart[]{one} text = {\hspace*{-3pt}#1}, % Attempt to parameterize the text
% \nodepart[]{two} text = {\hspace*{-3pt}#2},
} }
\tikzset{arr/.style = {very thick,{Circle[length=6pt,sep=-3pt]}-{Stealth} } }
\noindent\begin{tikzpicture}[start chain=1,start chain=2,start chain=3,start chain=4]
\tikzset{every node}=[font=\small\ttfamily]
\node[rectangle, on chain=1,inner xsep=0.05cm,](ORIG){\footnotesize 1511};
\node (A) [thebox,on chain=1,right=0.0cm of ORIG]
{\nodepart[]{one}\hspace*{-3pt}1111 \nodepart[]{two}}; % comment \hspace*{-3pt}1111
\node (B) [thebox, on chain=1,] % right=0.4cm of A,
{\nodepart[]{one}\hspace*{-3pt} \nodepart[]{two}\hspace*{-3pt}};
\node (C) [thebox, on chain=1,] % right=0.4cm of B,
{\nodepart[]{one}\hspace*{-3pt}2111 \nodepart[]{two}};
\node (D) [thebox, on chain=1,] % right=0.4cm of C
{\nodepart[]{one} \nodepart[]{two}\hspace*{-3pt}0000};
\node (E) [thebox, on chain=3,below=0.55cm of D] at (9.65, -0.3)
{\nodepart[]{one}\hspace*{-3pt}6700 \nodepart[]{two}\hspace*{-3pt}};
\node (F) [thebox, on chain=3,] % right=0.4 of E
{\nodepart[]{one}\hspace*{-3pt}8000 \nodepart[]{two}\hspace*{-3pt}0000};
\node (G) [thebox, on chain=2,below=1.4cm of B] at (4.6, -0.5)
{\nodepart[]{one}\hspace*{-3pt}3422 \nodepart[]{two}\hspace*{-3pt}};
\node (H) [thebox, on chain=2,] %at (4.5, -0.5) % right=0.4cm of G
{\nodepart[]{one}\hspace*{-3pt} \nodepart[]{two}\hspace*{-3pt}};
\node (I) [thebox, on chain=4,below=0.6cm of H] at (7.6, -2.5)
{\nodepart[]{one}\hspace*{-3pt}4000 \nodepart[]{two}\hspace*{-3pt}};
\node (J) [thebox, on chain=2,] % right=0.4cm of H
{\nodepart[]{one}\hspace*{-3pt}5321 \nodepart[]{two}\hspace*{-3pt}0000};
\node (K) [thebox, on chain=4,] % right=0.4cm of I
{\nodepart[]{one}\hspace*{-3pt}7222 \nodepart[]{two}\hspace*{-3pt}0000};
\draw[arr] ($(A.two)!0.32!(A.east)$) -- (B.west);
\draw[arr] ($(B.west)!0.10!(B.east)$) |- (G.west);
\draw[arr] ($(B.two)!0.32!(B.east)$) -- (C.west);
\draw[arr] ($(C.two)!0.32!(C.east)$) -- (D.west);
\draw[arr] ($(D.west)!0.10!(D.east)$) |- (E.west);
\draw[arr] ($(E.two)!0.32!(E.east)$) -- (F.west);
\draw[arr] ($(G.two)!0.32!(G.east)$) -- (H.west);
\draw[arr] ($(H.west)!0.08!(H.east)$) |- (I.west);
\draw[arr] ($(H.two)!0.32!(H.east)$) -- (J.west);
\draw[arr] ($(I.two)!0.32!(I.east)$) -- (K.west);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
为了避免手动重复，我考虑参数化 tikzset=thebox/.style{...
我添加的节点文本
\nodepart[]{one} text = {\hspace*{-3pt} #1 }
\nodepart[]{two} text = {\hspace*{-3pt} #2}
毫不奇怪，它们没有起作用。我查过类似的帖子，比如这个 有没有办法使用 \tikzset 设置多部分节点的文本？
n args={2}并且我在旁边添加了，thebox/.style但这导致了编译错误。我查阅了 TikZ 手册，它有 1300 多页 (!)，没有关于这个特定问题的明确示例。
如何正确参数化里面的节点文本\tikzset？
答案1
您可以使用设置节点文本node contents，例如
\tikzset{thebox/.style n args={2}{
node contents={\nodepart{one}\hspace*{-3pt}#1\nodepart{two}\hspace*{-3pt}#2},
}
}
进而\node (C) [thebox={2111}{},on chain=1];。
这是基于您的代码的 MWE。我允许自己做一些修改以使其更短。框大小仅由和决定text width。minimum height您不需要\hspace*{-3pt}在这里。此外，对于每个框，我定义了两个坐标x-one和x-two以简化箭头。
\documentclass[a4paper,openany,14pt]{extbook}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes.multipart,chains,positioning,arrows.meta,calc}
\begin{document}
\tikzset{thebox/.style n args={2}{
rectangle split,
rectangle split horizontal,
rectangle split parts=2,
very thick,
draw=black,
align=center,
text width=25, % adjust box width here
minimum height=18, % adjust box height here
node distance=4mm,
node contents={\nodepart{one}#1\nodepart{two}#2},
append after command={% define x-one and x-two coordinates for connecting arrows
\pgfextra{\edef\currentnode{\tikzlastnode}}
(\currentnode.two north|-\currentnode.east) coordinate (\currentnode-two)
($(\currentnode.west)!0.1!(\currentnode.east)$) coordinate (\currentnode-one)
},
},
arr/.style={very thick,{Circle[length=6pt,sep=-3pt]}-{Stealth}},
every node/.append style={font=\footnotesize\ttfamily},
}
\noindent\begin{tikzpicture}[start chain=1,start chain=2,start chain=3,start chain=4]
\node[rectangle,on chain=1,inner xsep=0.05cm,] (ORIG) {1511};
\node (A) [thebox={1111}{},on chain=1,right=0.0cm of ORIG];
\node (B) [thebox={}{},on chain=1];
\node (C) [thebox={2111}{},on chain=1];
\node (D) [thebox={}{0000},on chain=1];
\node (E) [thebox={6700}{},on chain=3,below right=0.55cm and 0.75cm of D.south west];
\node (F) [thebox={8000}{0000},on chain=3];
\node (G) [thebox={3422}{},on chain=2,below right=1.4cm and 0.75cm of B.south west];
\node (H) [thebox={}{},on chain=2];
\node (I) [thebox={4000}{},on chain=4,below right=0.6cm and 0.75cm of H.south west];
\node (J) [thebox={5321}{0000},on chain=2];
\node (K) [thebox={7222}{0000},on chain=4];
\draw[arr] (A-two) -- (B);
\draw[arr] (B-two) -- (C);
\draw[arr] (C-two) -- (D);
\draw[arr] (D-one) |- (E);
\draw[arr] (E-two) -- (F);
\draw[arr] (B-one) |- (G);
\draw[arr] (G-two) -- (H);
\draw[arr] (H-one) |- (I);
\draw[arr] (I-two) -- (K);
\draw[arr] (H-two) -- (J);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
答案2
我觉得这个问题是由于text width设置太窄造成的align=center, inner xsep=0.30cm。例如，如果宽度足够，text width=1cm输出看起来就很好（因此不需要\hspace{-3pt}）。
此外，为了从节点部分的中心正确启动箭头two，我改变了每一个
\draw[arr] ($(X.two)!0.32!(A.east)$) -- (Y.west);
到
\draw[arr] ($(X.one split)!0.5!(A.east)$) -- (Y.west);
完整示例
\documentclass[a4paper,openany,14pt]{extbook}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes.multipart,chains,positioning,arrows,calc,arrows.meta}
\newcommand{\columnratio}{0.62} % to be able to fit the TikZ drawing
\newcommand{\columnseper}{12pt} % inside small sections
\begin{document}
\pgfmathsetlengthmacro{\ourwidth}{\columnratio * \linewidth - \columnseper}
\tikzset{
thebox/.style = {
rectangle split,
rectangle split horizontal,
rectangle split parts=2,
very thick,
draw=black!100,
align=center,
text width=1cm,
text height=1.5ex,
text depth=.35ex,
inner xsep=0.08cm,
node distance=2mm and 4mm,
},
arr/.style = {
very thick,
{Circle[length=6pt,sep=-3pt]}-{Stealth},
},
}
\noindent
\begin{tikzpicture}[
start chain/.list={1,2,3,4},
nodes={font=\footnotesize\ttfamily}]
\node[on chain=1] (ORIG) {1511};
\node (A) [thebox, on chain=1, right=0cm of ORIG]
{\nodepart{one}1111 \nodepart{two}};
\node (B) [thebox, on chain=1,] % right=0.4cm of A,
{\nodepart[]{one} \nodepart[]{two}};
\node (C) [thebox, on chain=1,] % right=0.4cm of B,
{\nodepart[]{one} 2111 \nodepart[]{two}};
\node (D) [thebox, on chain=1,] % right=0.4cm of C
{\nodepart[]{one} \nodepart[]{two} 0000};
\node (E) [thebox, on chain=3, below right=.3cm and -1.5cm of D]
{\nodepart[]{one} 6700 \nodepart[]{two}};
\node (F) [thebox, on chain=3,] % right=0.4 of E
{\nodepart[]{one} 8000 \nodepart[]{two} 0000};
\node (G) [thebox, on chain=2, below right=1.3cm and -1.5cm of B]
{\nodepart[]{one} 3422 \nodepart[]{two} };
\node (H) [thebox, on chain=2,] %at (4.5, -0.5) % right=0.4cm of G
{\nodepart[]{one} \nodepart[]{two} };
\node (I) [thebox, on chain=4, below right=0.3cm and -1.3cm of H]
{\nodepart[]{one} 4000 \nodepart[]{two}};
\node (J) [thebox, on chain=2,] % right=0.4cm of H
{\nodepart[]{one} 5321 \nodepart[]{two} 0000};
\node (K) [thebox, on chain=4,] % right=0.4cm of I
{\nodepart[]{one} 7222 \nodepart[]{two} 0000};
\draw[arr] ($(A.one split)!0.5!(A.east)$) -- (B.west);
\draw[arr] ($(B.west)!0.10!(B.east)$) |- (G.west);
\draw[arr] ($(B.one split)!0.5!(B.east)$) -- (C.west);
\draw[arr] ($(C.one split)!0.5!(C.east)$) -- (D.west);
\draw[arr] ($(D.west)!0.10!(D.east)$) |- (E.west);
\draw[arr] ($(E.one split)!0.5!(E.east)$) -- (F.west);
\draw[arr] ($(G.one split)!0.5!(G.east)$) -- (H.west);
\draw[arr] ($(H.west)!0.10!(H.east)$) |- (I.west);
\draw[arr] ($(H.one split)!0.5!(H.east)$) -- (J.west);
\draw[arr] ($(I.one split)!0.5!(I.east)$) -- (K.west);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
要参数化节点部分的文本，理论上你可以添加选项execute at begin node和execute at end node样式every <part name> node part，例如
every one node part/.style={
execute at begin node=...,
execute at end node=...
}
但目前有一个错误，execute at end node第一个节点部分执行了两次，请参阅https://github.com/pgf-tikz/pgf/issues/1155。