prettyref 标签中的双冒号

Question 1

11\def\prettyref#1{\@prettyref#1:}

\@prettyref内部宏\@prettyref完成所有工作。它需要两个由分隔的参数:。第一个参数是格式名称。如果格式尚未定义，则会发出警告并\ref使用。否则，将格式化引用。\@prettyref使用 LaTeX 宏\ref和\pageref访问\newlabel数据结构。希望这可以使该包足够强大，可以与其他各种包一起使用。

12 \def\@prettyref#1:#2:{%
13 \expandafter\ifx\csname pr@#1\endcsname\relax%
14 \PackageWarning{prettyref}{Reference format #1\space undefined}%
15 \ref{#1:#2}%
16 \else%
17 \csname pr@#1\endcsname{#1:#2}%
18 \fi%
19}

因此，\prettyref内部使用两个:-delimited 参数来分割表示格式的参数部分。LaTeX
会删除整个参数周围的花括号。
它也会删除带分隔符的参数。
因此，整个带分隔符的参数周围的花括号可用于隐藏出现在带分隔符的参数内的分隔符实例，这样 TeX 抓取带分隔符的参数的机制就不会应用于这些分隔符实例。

这意味着：您
可以\prettyref{Formatting:RemainderOfLabelName}执行或或。
\prettyref{{Formatting}:RemainderOfLabelName}
\prettyref{Formatting:{RemainderOfLabelName}}
\prettyref{{Formatting}:{RemainderOfLabelName}}

因此，为了隐藏:TeX 抓取:-delimited 参数的机制/让事情顺利进行，只需将\prettyref参数的整个部分包裹在表示格式的花括号中，即而不是
\prettyref{diag:seq:FirstExportedDiagram}
do
\prettyref{{diag:seq}:FirstExportedDiagram}
或
\prettyref{{diag:seq}:{FirstExportedDiagram}}。

数学家协会

\documentclass[a4paper]{article}

\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{prettyref}

\newrefformat{diag:cla}{Class Diagram \ref{#1}}
\newrefformat{diag:seq}{Sequence Diagram \ref{#1}}

\begin{document}
Behold: \prettyref{{diag:seq}:FirstExportedDiagram}.

\begin{figure}[h]
    %\includegraphics[scale=0.5]{sequencediagram1.pdf}
    \includegraphics[scale=0.5]{example-image.pdf}
    \caption{The first sequence diagram.}
    \label{diag:seq:FirstExportedDiagram}
\end{figure}

\end{document}

产量：

解释：

\prettyref{{diag:seq}:FirstExportedDiagram}得到：
\@prettyref{diag:seq}:FirstExportedDiagram:，进而得到：

  \expandafter\ifx\csname pr@diag:seq\endcsname\relax
    \PackageWarning{prettyref}{Reference format diag:seq\space undefined}%`
    \ref{diag:seq:FirstExportedDiagram}%`
  \else
    \csname pr@diag:seq\endcsname{diag:seq:FirstExportedDiagram}%`
  \fi

因此，您似乎实际上不需要重新定义任何东西。对于\prettyref的参数，只需在此处和那里使用额外的花括号来隐藏:TeX 抓取:-delimited 参数的机制中的实例。

如果您不想手动在自动生成的代码中插入花括号，并且存在多个未嵌套在花括号中的冒号始终意味着只有/恰好前两个:分隔的组件代表格式规范，那么您可以执行如下操作，它在未嵌套在花括号中的冒号处拆分，并且不会删除/剥离花括号：

\documentclass[a4paper]{article}
\usepackage{prettyref}
\usepackage{hyperref}

\makeatletter
\@ifdefinable\UD@stopromannumeral{\chardef\UD@stopromannumeral=`\^^00}%
\newcommand\UD@firstofone[1]{#1}%
\newcommand\UD@firstoftwo[2]{#1}%
\newcommand\UD@secondoftwo[2]{#2}%
\newcommand\UD@Exchange[2]{#2#1}%
\newcommand\UD@PassFirstToSecond[2]{#2{#1}}%
%%=============================================================================
%% Check whether argument is empty:
%%=============================================================================
%% \UD@CheckWhetherNull{<Argument which is to be checked>}%
%%                     {<Tokens to be delivered in case that argument
%%                       which is to be checked is empty>}%
%%                     {<Tokens to be delivered in case that argument
%%                       which is to be checked is not empty>}%
%%
%% The gist of this macro comes from Robert R. Schneck's \ifempty-macro:
%% <https://groups.google.com/forum/#!original/comp.text.tex/kuOEIQIrElc/lUg37FmhA74J>
\newcommand\UD@CheckWhetherNull[1]{%
  \romannumeral\expandafter\UD@secondoftwo\string{\expandafter
  \UD@secondoftwo\expandafter{\expandafter{\string#1}\expandafter
  \UD@secondoftwo\string}\expandafter\UD@firstoftwo\expandafter{\expandafter
  \UD@secondoftwo\string}\expandafter\UD@stopromannumeral\UD@secondoftwo}{%
  \expandafter\UD@stopromannumeral\UD@firstoftwo}%
}%
%%=============================================================================
%% Extract first inner undelimited argument:
%%
%%   \UD@ExtractFirstArg{ABCDE} yields  {A}
%%
%%   \UD@ExtractFirstArg{{AB}CDE} yields  {AB}
%%
%% Due to \romannumeral-expansion the result is delivered after two 
%% expansion-steps/after "hitting" \UD@ExtractFirstArg with \expandafter
%% twice.
%%
%% \UD@ExtractFirstArg's argument must not be blank.
%% This case can be cranked out via \UD@CheckWhetherBlank before calling
%% \UD@ExtractFirstArg.
%%
%% Use frozen-\relax as delimiter for speeding things up.
%% I chose frozen-\relax because David Carlisle pointed out in
%% <https://tex.stackexchange.com/a/578877>
%% that frozen-\relax cannot be (re)defined in terms of \outer and cannot be
%% affected by \uppercase/\lowercase.
%%
%% \UD@ExtractFirstArg's argument may contain frozen-\relax:
%% The only effect is that internally more iterations are needed for
%% obtaining the result.
%%
%%.............................................................................
\@ifdefinable\UD@RemoveTillFrozenrelax{%
  \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter\UD@Exchange
  \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter{%
  \expandafter\expandafter\ifnum0=0\fi}%
  {\long\def\UD@RemoveTillFrozenrelax#1#2}{{#1}}%
}%
\expandafter\UD@PassFirstToSecond\expandafter{%
  \romannumeral\expandafter
  \UD@PassFirstToSecond\expandafter{\romannumeral
    \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter\UD@Exchange
    \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter{%
    \expandafter\expandafter\ifnum0=0\fi}{\UD@stopromannumeral#1}%
  }{%
    \UD@stopromannumeral\romannumeral\UD@ExtractFirstArgLoop
  }%
}{%
  \newcommand\UD@ExtractFirstArg[1]%
}%
\newcommand\UD@ExtractFirstArgLoop[1]{%
  \expandafter\UD@CheckWhetherNull\expandafter{\@firstoftwo{}#1}%
  {\UD@stopromannumeral#1}%
  {\expandafter\UD@ExtractFirstArgLoop\expandafter{\UD@RemoveTillFrozenrelax#1}}%
}%
\@ifdefinable\UD@GobbleToColon{\long\def\UD@GobbleToColon#1:{}}%
\@ifdefinable\UD@KeepToColon{\long\def\UD@KeepToColon#1:{{#1}}}%
\newcommand\UD@SplitColon[4]{%
  % #1 Tokens to prepend to {<Already splitted stuff>{<stuff splitted in this iteration>}}{<New remainder to split>}
  %    if <Remainder to split> does contain colon.
  % #2 Tokens to prepend to <Already splitted stuff>{<Remainder to split>} 
  %    if <Remainder to split> does not contain colon.
  % #3 Already splitted stuff.
  % #4 Remainder to split.
  \expandafter\UD@CheckWhetherNull\expandafter{\UD@GobbleToColon#4:}%
  {#2#3{#4}}{%
    \expandafter\UD@PassFirstToSecond\expandafter{\UD@GobbleToColon#4}{%
      \expandafter\UD@PassFirstToSecond\expandafter{%
        \romannumeral
        \expandafter\UD@Exchange\expandafter{%
          \romannumeral
          \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter\expandafter
          \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter
          \UD@stopromannumeral
          \expandafter\UD@ExtractFirstArg\expandafter{\UD@KeepToColon#4}%
        }{\UD@stopromannumeral#3}%
      }{#1}%
    }%
  }%
}%
\renewcommand\prettyref[1]{%
  \UD@SplitColon{%
    \UD@SplitColon{% Here you could nest more \UD@SplitColon.
      \expandafter\UD@prettyref@morethanonecolon\UD@firstofone
    }{%
      \UD@prettyref@onecolon
    }%
  }{%
    \PackageWarning{prettyref}{No referencing format specified}\ref
  }{}{#1}%
}%
\newcommand\UD@prettyref@onecolon[2]{%
  \expandafter\ifx\csname pr@#1\endcsname\relax
    \PackageWarning{prettyref}{Reference format #1\space undefined}%
    \ref{#1:#2}%
  \else
    \csname pr@#1\endcsname{#1:#2}%
  \fi
}%
\newcommand\UD@prettyref@morethanonecolon[3]{%
  \expandafter\ifx\csname pr@#1:#2\endcsname\relax
    \PackageWarning{prettyref}{Reference format #1:#2\space undefined}%
    \ref{#1:#2:#3}%
  \else
    \csname pr@#1:#2\endcsname{#1:#2:#3}%
  \fi
}%
\makeatother

% In order to create hyperlinks, you can use
%
% \hyperref[{<referencing label>}]{<textual phrase which shall be a hyperlink>}
%
% As components of <textual phrase which shall be a hyperlink> you can use starred
% referencing-commands \ref*/\pageref* which themselves don't produce hyperlinks.
% This avoids errors due to nesting hyperlinks within hyperlinks.

\newrefformat{diag}{\hyperref[{#1}]{Diagram \ref*{#1}}}
\newrefformat{diag:cla}{\hyperref[{#1}]{Class Diagram \ref*{#1}}}
\newrefformat{diag:seq}{\hyperref[{#1}]{Sequence Diagram \ref*{#1}}}

\newcounter{democounter}

\begin{document}

You should get: Sequence Diagram 1\par
You actually get: \prettyref{diag:seq:FirstExportedDiagram:x:Y}
\medskip

You should get:  Sequence Diagram 2\par
You actually get: \prettyref{diag:seq:FirstExportedDiagram}
\medskip

You should get: Class Diagram 3\par
You actually get: \prettyref{diag:cla:FirstExportedDiagram}
\medskip

You should get: Diagram 4\par
You actually get: \prettyref{diag:FirstExportedDiagram}
\medskip

% You should get: 5 plus a warning "No referencing format specified" \par
% You actually get: \prettyref{FirstExportedDiagram}
% \medskip

You should get: 5\par
You actually get: \ref{FirstExportedDiagram}.
\medskip


Here the democounter is stepped. It has the value \refstepcounter{democounter}\thedemocounter.
\label{diag:seq:FirstExportedDiagram:x:Y}%
\bigskip

Here the democounter is stepped. It has the value \refstepcounter{democounter}\thedemocounter.
\label{diag:seq:FirstExportedDiagram}%
\bigskip

Here the democounter is stepped. It has the value \refstepcounter{democounter}\thedemocounter.
\label{diag:cla:FirstExportedDiagram}%
\bigskip

Here the democounter is stepped. It has the value \refstepcounter{democounter}\thedemocounter.
\label{diag:FirstExportedDiagram}%
\bigskip

Here the democounter is stepped. It has the value \refstepcounter{democounter}\thedemocounter.
\label{FirstExportedDiagram}%
\bigskip

\end{document}

Answer

这prettyref 软件包手册说：