这不是我的第一语言），我刚刚开始使用 tikzpicture 环境。有人能告诉我一个更好的方法来实现这个吗
我还希望拥有较小的箭头指针并将所有数组中的元素置于中心，而无需手动执行此操作：)
我发布了我糟糕的代码
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[italian]{babel}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{tikz} % TikzPictures
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{float}
\begin{document}
\begin{figure}[H]
\centering
%\begin{center}
\tikzset{every picture/.style={line width=0.75pt}} %set default line width to 0.75pt
\begin{tikzpicture}[x=0.75pt,y=0.75pt,yscale=-1,xscale=1]
% Shape: Rectangle
\draw (200,100) -- (350,100) -- (350,250) -- (200,250) -- cycle ;
% Straight Lines
\draw (230,100) -- (230,250) ;
\draw (260,100) -- (260,250) ;
\draw (290,100) -- (290,250) ;
\draw (320,100) -- (320,250) ;
\draw (200,130) -- (350,130) ;
\draw (200,160) -- (350,160) ;
\draw (200,190) -- (350,190) ;
\draw (200,220) -- (350,220) ;
\draw (220,80) -- (220,100) ;
\draw (220,80) -- (370,80) ;
\draw (350,230) -- (370,230) ;
\draw (240,60) -- (240,80) ;
\draw (240,60) -- (390,60) ;
\draw (250,80) -- (250,100) ;
\draw (370,80) -- (370,230) ;
\draw (310,80) -- (310,100) ;
\draw (340,80) -- (340,100) ;
\draw (280,80) -- (280,100) ;
\draw (350,110) -- (370,110) ;
\draw (370,90) -- (390,90) ;
\draw (350,140) -- (370,140) ;
\draw (350,170) -- (370,170) ;
\draw (350,200) -- (370,200) ;
\draw (300,60) -- (300,80) ;
\draw (270,60) -- (270,80) ;
\draw (330,60) -- (330,80) ;
\draw (360,60) -- (360,80) ;
\draw (390,60) -- (390,210) ;
\draw (370,120) -- (390,120) ;
\draw (370,150) -- (390,150) ;
\draw (370,180) -- (390,180) ;
\draw (370,210) -- (390,210) ;
% arrow L(w)
\draw (190,100) -- (190,247) ;
\draw [shift={(190,250)}, rotate = 270] [fill={rgb, 255:red, 0; green, 0; blue, 0 } ][line width=0.08] [draw opacity=0] (10.72,-5.15) -- (0,0) -- (10.72,5.15) -- (7.12,0) -- cycle ;
% arrow time
\draw (200,260) -- (347,260) ;
\draw [shift={(350,260)}, rotate = 180] [fill={rgb, 255:red, 0; green, 0; blue, 0 } ][line width=0.08] [draw opacity=0] (10.72,-5.15) -- (0,0) -- (10.72,5.15) -- (7.12,0) -- cycle ;
% arrow surface
\draw [line width=0.75] (360,260) -- (407.88,212.12) ;
\draw [shift={(410,210)}, rotate = 135] [fill={rgb, 255:red, 0; green, 0; blue, 0 } ][line width=0.08] [draw opacity=0] (10.72,-5.15) -- (0,0) -- (10.72,5.15) -- (7.12,0) -- cycle ;
%------------------------------------------ X matrix time
\draw (295,110.6) node [anchor=north west][inner sep=0.75pt] [font=\small] {$ \dotsc $};
\draw (209,110.6) node [anchor=north west][inner sep=0.75pt] [font=\small] {$t_{0}$};
\draw (239,110.6) node [anchor=north west][inner sep=0.75pt] [font=\small] {$t_{1}$};
\draw (269,110.6) node [anchor=north west][inner sep=0.75pt] [font=\small] {$t_{2}$};
\draw (330,110.6) node [anchor=north west][inner sep=0.75pt] [font=\small] {$T$};
%-------------------------------------------
%------------------------------------------- Y matrix time
% Text Node
\draw (350,85) node [anchor=north west][inner sep=0.75pt] [font=\small] {$T$};
% Text Node
\draw (289,85) node [anchor=north west][inner sep=0.75pt] [font=\small] {$t_{2}$};
% Text Node
\draw (259,85) node [anchor=north west][inner sep=0.75pt] [font=\small] {$t_{1}$};
% Text Node
\draw (229,85) node [anchor=north west][inner sep=0.75pt] [font=\small] {$t_{0}$};
% Text Node
\draw (317,88.5) node [anchor=north west][inner sep=0.75pt] [font=\small] {$ \dotsc $};
% Text Node
%-------------------------------------------
%------------------------------------------- Z matrix time
\draw (369,64.6) node [anchor=north west][inner sep=0.75pt] [font=\small] {$T$};
% Text Node
\draw (308,64.6) node [anchor=north west][inner sep=0.75pt] [font=\small] {$t_{2}$};
% Text Node
\draw (278,64.6) node [anchor=north west][inner sep=0.75pt] [font=\small] {$t_{1}$};
% Text Node
\draw (248,64.6) node [anchor=north west][inner sep=0.75pt] [font=\small] {$t_{0}$};
% Text Node
\draw (336,68) node [anchor=north west][inner sep=0.75pt] [font=\small] {$ \dotsc $};
% Text Node
\draw (250,262) node [anchor=north west][inner sep=0.75pt] [font=\footnotesize] [align=left] {tempo};
% Text Node
\draw (172,179) node [anchor=north west][inner sep=0.75pt] [font=\footnotesize,rotate=-270] [align=left] {$\displaystyle L( \omega )$};
% Text Node
\draw (387,238) node [anchor=north west][inner sep=0.75pt] [font=\footnotesize] [align=left] {surface};
% Text Node
\draw (349,209.6) node [anchor=north west][inner sep=0.75pt] [font=\small] {$y_{\omega _{N}}^{T}$};
% Text Node
\draw (349,119.6) node [anchor=north west][inner sep=0.75pt] [font=\small] {$y_{\omega _{1}}^{T}$};
% Text Node
\draw (349,149.6) node [anchor=north west][inner sep=0.75pt] [font=\small] {$y_{\omega _{2}}^{T}$};
% Text Node
\draw (369,127.6) node [anchor=north west][inner sep=0.75pt] [font=\small] {$z_{\omega _{2}}^{T}$};
% Text Node
\draw (369,97.6) node [anchor=north west][inner sep=0.75pt] [font=\small] {$z_{\omega _{1}}^{T}$};
% Text Node
\draw (369,187.6) node [anchor=north west][inner sep=0.75pt] [font=\small] {$z_{\omega _{N}}^{T}$};
% Text Node
\draw (295,190) node [anchor=north west][inner sep=0.75pt] {$\ddots $};
% Text Node
\draw (325,226.6) node [anchor=north west][inner sep=0.75pt] [font=\small] {$x_{\omega _{N}}^{T}$};
% Text Node
\draw (235,135.6) node [anchor=north west][inner sep=0.75pt] [font=\small] {$x_{\omega _{1}}^{t_{1}}$};
% Text Node
\draw (325,136.6) node [anchor=north west][inner sep=0.75pt] [font=\small] {$x_{\omega _{1}}^{T}$};
% Text Node
\draw (211,190) node [anchor=north west][inner sep=0.75pt] {$\vdots $};
% Text Node
\draw (205,135.6) node [anchor=north west][inner sep=0.75pt] [font=\small] {$x_{\omega _{1}}^{t_{0}}$};
% Text Node
\draw (205,165.6) node [anchor=north west][inner sep=0.75pt] [font=\small] {$x_{\omega _{2}}^{t_{0}}$};
% Text Node
\draw (205,225.6) node [anchor=north west][inner sep=0.75pt] [font=\small] {$x_{\omega _{N}}^{t_{0}}$};
% Text Node
\draw (265,135.6) node [anchor=north west][inner sep=0.75pt] [font=\small] {$x_{\omega _{1}}^{t_{2}}$};
% Text Node
\draw (295,135.6) node [anchor=north west][inner sep=0.75pt] {$\dotsc $};
% Text Node
\draw (235,165.6) node [anchor=north west][inner sep=0.75pt] [font=\small] {$x_{\omega _{2}}^{t_{1}}$};
% Text Node
\draw (265,165.6) node [anchor=north west][inner sep=0.75pt] [font=\small] {$x_{\omega _{2}}^{t_{2}}$};
% Text Node
\draw (325,166.6) node [anchor=north west][inner sep=0.75pt] [font=\small] {$x_{\omega _{2}}^{T}$};
\end{tikzpicture}
%\end{center}
\caption{Mark~to~market~cube}
\end{figure}
\end{document}
答案1
在我看来，使用纯 TikZ 的伪 3D 就足够了。即使我不使用不同的layers，也只是使用绘图命令的自然顺序来制作一些范围：先绘制，先出现！三个scopes 是 3 个层 -matrix节点。
\documentclass[tikz,border=5mm]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{matrix}
\tikzset{matrixlayer/.style={
matrix of math nodes,nodes in empty cells,
nodes={draw=#1,fill=#1!15,minimum size=10mm,anchor=center,text=black},
column sep=-.5*\pgflinewidth,
row sep=-.5*\pgflinewidth
}}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[>=stealth]
\begin{scope}[shift={(45:2)}]
\node[matrixlayer=red] (m3){
t_0& t_1 & t_2 & \cdots & T\\
z_{\omega_1}^{t_0}&z_{\omega_1}^{t_1}&z_{\omega_1}^{t_2}&\cdots&z_{\omega_1}^T \\
z_{\omega_2}^{t_0}&z_{\omega_2}^{t_1}&z_{\omega_2}^{t_2}&\cdots&z_{\omega_2}^T \\
\vdots&\vdots&\vdots&\ddots&\vdots\\
z_{\omega_N}^{t_0}&z_{\omega_N}^{t_1}&z_{\omega_N}^{t_2}&\cdots&z_{\omega_N}^T \\
};
\end{scope}
\begin{scope}[shift={(45:1)}]
\node[matrixlayer=teal] (m2){
t_0& t_1 & t_2 & \cdots & T\\
y_{\omega_1}^{t_0}&y_{\omega_1}^{t_1}&y_{\omega_1}^{t_2}&\cdots&y_{\omega_1}^T \\
y_{\omega_2}^{t_0}&y_{\omega_2}^{t_1}&y_{\omega_2}^{t_2}&\cdots&y_{\omega_2}^T \\
\vdots&\vdots&\vdots&\ddots&\vdots\\
y_{\omega_N}^{t_0}&y_{\omega_N}^{t_1}&y_{\omega_N}^{t_2}&\cdots&y_{\omega_N}^T \\
};
\end{scope}
\begin{scope}
\node[matrixlayer=blue] (m1){
t_0& t_1 & t_2 & \cdots & T\\
x_{\omega_1}^{t_0}&x_{\omega_1}^{t_1}&x_{\omega_1}^{t_2}&\cdots&x_{\omega_1}^T \\
x_{\omega_2}^{t_0}&x_{\omega_2}^{t_1}&x_{\omega_2}^{t_2}&\cdots&x_{\omega_2}^T \\
\vdots&\vdots&\vdots&\ddots&\vdots\\
x_{\omega_N}^{t_0}&x_{\omega_N}^{t_1}&x_{\omega_N}^{t_2}&\cdots&x_{\omega_N}^T \\
};
\end{scope}
\begin{scope}[->,thick]
\draw ([shift={(0,-.3)}]m1.south west)--([shift={(0,-.3)}]m1.south east) node[midway,below]{tempo};
\draw ([shift={(.5,0)}]m1.south east)--([shift={(.5,0)}]m3.south east) node[midway,right]{surface};
\draw ([shift={(-.3,0)}]m1.north west)--([shift={(-.3,0)}]m1.south west) node[midway,rotate=90,above]{$L(\omega)$};
\end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}