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根据行更改 pgfplots 多线堆积条形图的颜色

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根据行更改 pgfplots 多线堆积条形图的颜色

我想制作堆积条形图的颜色（如这里）取决于数据（如这里） 和这里。

到目前为止，这是我所拥有的，但我不知道如何访问数据的“颜色”列以使特定行的条形图呈现该颜色。

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{pgfplots, pgfplotstable}
\pgfplotsset{compat=1.14}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}

% read in table
\pgfplotstableread[col sep=comma]{
author,startyear,endyear,color
abc,1530,1570,red
def,1560,1570,green
ghi,1560,1660,blue
}\loadedtable


\begin{document}

\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{axis}[
  nodes near coords xbar stacked configuration/.style={},
  nodes near coords style={font=\footnotesize},
  xbar stacked,
  xmin=1500,
  bar width=0.2cm,
  axis lines=left,
  width=\textwidth, height=7cm,
  enlarge y limits={abs=0.5},
  ytick=\empty,
]

\addplot [draw=none, forget plot] table [col sep=comma,x=startyear, y expr=-\coordindex]{\loadedtable};
\addplot +[
   nodes near coords,
   nodes near coords align={anchor=west},
   point meta=explicit symbolic] table[col sep=comma,x expr=\thisrow{endyear}-\thisrow{startyear}, y expr=-\coordindex,meta=author]{\loadedtable};
\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

答案1

编辑：抱歉，之前的回答有问题。我对堆栈条形图函数的理解完全错误。我编辑了答案，让它正常工作。

这不是完美的解决方案，但最终还是奏效了。现在图表是从单个.txt文件绘制的。这些\addplot命令仅用于绘制轴和定义条形图位置（您不能为不同的条形图添加图例）。条形图实际上是使用\draw之后的命令绘制的\addplot。使用\foreach和datatool包命令绘制一条粗线，用不同的颜色来表示条形图。文件中有任意数量的行.txt，为每个条形图指定颜色，使用 定义垂直位置y。

\begin{filecontents*}{a.txt}
author,startyear,endyear,y,color
abc1,1520,1570,6,red
def1,1540,1590,5,green
abc2,1550,1575,4,yellow
def2,1560,1570,3,green
ghi1,1560,1660,2,blue
ghi2,1620,1660,1,purple
jkl1,1590,1650,0,orange
\end{filecontents*}
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{datatool}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\pgfplotsset{compat=1.18}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\DTLloaddb{tablea}{a.txt}
\foreach \i in {1,...,\DTLrowcount{tablea}}{
\edef\tempi{\noexpand\DTLassign{tablea}{\i}{\csname xst\i\endcsname=startyear,\csname xed\i\endcsname=endyear,\csname yp\i\endcsname=y,\csname col\i\endcsname=color}}\tempi}

\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{axis}[
  nodes near coords xbar stacked configuration/.style={},
  nodes near coords style={font=\footnotesize},
  xmin=1500,
  bar width=0.2cm,
  xbar stacked,
  stack negative=on previous,
  axis lines=left,
  width=\textwidth, height=7cm,
  enlarge y limits={abs=0.5},
  ytick=\empty,
]
\addplot [draw=none, forget plot] table [col sep=comma,x=startyear, y=y]{a.txt};
\addplot[
   nodes near coords,draw=none,
   nodes near coords align={anchor=west},
   point meta=explicit symbolic] table [col sep=comma,x expr=\thisrow{endyear}-\thisrow{startyear}, y expr=\thisrow{y},meta index=0]{a.txt};

\foreach \i in {1,...,\DTLrowcount{tablea}}{
\edef\tempii{\noexpand\draw [line width=8pt,\csname col\i\endcsname] (axis cs:\csname xst\i\endcsname,\csname yp\i\endcsname) -- (axis cs:\csname xed\i\endcsname,\csname yp\i\endcsname);}\tempii}

\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

答案2

以下是如何在同一个文件中添加多个这样的图（来自@Tom）：

\begin{filecontents*}{a.txt}
  author,startyear,endyear,y,color
  abc1,1520,1570,6,red
  def1,1540,1590,5,green
  abc2,1550,1575,4,yellow
  def2,1560,1570,3,green
  ghi1,1560,1660,2,blue
  ghi2,1620,1660,1,purple
  jkl1,1590,1650,0,orange
\end{filecontents*}
\begin{filecontents*}{b.txt}
  author,startyear,endyear,y,color
  jkl1,1590,1650,0,orange
\end{filecontents*}
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{datatool}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\pgfplotsset{compat=1.18}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\DTLloaddb{tablea}{a.txt}
\foreach \i in {1,...,\DTLrowcount{tablea}}{
\edef\tempi{\noexpand\DTLassign{tablea}{\i}{\csname axst\i\endcsname=startyear,\csname axed\i\endcsname=endyear,\csname ayp\i\endcsname=y,\csname acol\i\endcsname=color}}\tempi}
\DTLloaddb{tableb}{b.txt}
\foreach \j in {1,...,\DTLrowcount{tableb}}{
\edef\tempj{\noexpand\DTLassign{tableb}{\j}{\csname bxst\j\endcsname=startyear,\csname bxed\j\endcsname=endyear,\csname byp\j\endcsname=y,\csname bcol\j\endcsname=color}}\tempj}

\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{axis}[
  nodes near coords xbar stacked configuration/.style={},
  nodes near coords style={font=\footnotesize},
  xmin=1500,
  bar width=0.2cm,
  xbar stacked,
  stack negative=on previous,
  axis lines=left,
  width=\textwidth, height=7cm,
  enlarge y limits={abs=0.5},
  ytick=\empty,
]
\addplot [draw=none, forget plot] table [col sep=comma,x=startyear, y=y]{a.txt};
\addplot[
   nodes near coords,draw=none,
   nodes near coords align={anchor=west},
   point meta=explicit symbolic] table [col sep=comma,x expr=\thisrow{endyear}-\thisrow{startyear}, y expr=\thisrow{y},meta index=0]{a.txt};

\foreach \i in {1,...,\DTLrowcount{tablea}}{
\edef\tempii{\noexpand\draw [line width=8pt,\csname acol\i\endcsname] (axis cs:\csname axst\i\endcsname,\csname ayp\i\endcsname) -- (axis cs:\csname axed\i\endcsname,\csname ayp\i\endcsname);}\tempii}

\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\begin{tikzpicture}
  \begin{axis}[
    nodes near coords xbar stacked configuration/.style={},
    nodes near coords style={font=\footnotesize},
    xmin=1500,
    bar width=0.2cm,
    xbar stacked,
    stack negative=on previous,
    axis lines=left,
    width=\textwidth, height=7cm,
    enlarge y limits={abs=0.5},
    ytick=\empty,
  ]
  \addplot [draw=none, forget plot] table [col sep=comma,x=startyear, y=y]{b.txt};
  \addplot[
     nodes near coords,draw=none,
     nodes near coords align={anchor=west},
     point meta=explicit symbolic] table [col sep=comma,x expr=\thisrow{endyear}-\thisrow{startyear}, y expr=\thisrow{y},meta index=0]{b.txt};
  
  \foreach \j in {1,...,\DTLrowcount{tableb}}{
  \edef\tempjj{\noexpand\draw [line width=8pt,\csname bcol\j\endcsname] (axis cs:\csname bxst\j\endcsname,\csname byp\j\endcsname) -- (axis cs:\csname bxed\j\endcsname,\csname byp\j\endcsname);}\tempjj}
  
  \end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

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