tabularx 表格底部的垂直列

Question

我正在努力去除桌子底部的这两条额外的垂直线。我将非常感谢任何帮助！

\begin{table}[H]%
\renewcommand*{\arraystretch}{1.2}
\centering
\caption{Environmental impact of the production of 1kg CaCO\textsubscript{3} through different metabolic pathways {\citep{Porter}}.}
\begin{tabularx}{15,5cm}{|l|l|l|l|}
\hline
\multicolumn{1}{|c|}{\textbf{Pathway}} & \multicolumn{1}{c|}{\textbf{\begin{tabular}[c]{@{}c@{}}Carbon footprint\\ (CO\textsubscript{2}/FU)\end{tabular}}} & \multicolumn{1}{|c|}{\textbf{\begin{tabular}[c]{@{}c@{}}Eutrophication Potential\\ (SO\textsubscript{4}/FU)\end{tabular}}} & \multicolumn{1}{|c|}{\textbf{\begin{tabular}[c]{@{}c@{}}Embodied Energy\\ (MJ)\end{tabular}}} \\ \hline
Carbonation & 2,37 & 7,35e-4 & 7,2 \\ \hline
Ureolytic bacteria & 1,51 & 2,4e-1 & 16,1 \\ \hline
Carbonic anhydrase & 0,555 & 2,09e-4 & 0,619 \\\hline
\end{tabularx}
\end{table}

Answer 1

• 请始终提供完整的小文档（MWE：最小工作示例），它可以重现您的问题并且我们可以按原样编译。
• 将您的代码片段扩展至 MWE，我无法重现您的问题，但看到代码中存在许多其他问题：
  • tabularx 中至少应该有一X列X或其派生列类型（参见@Bernard 评论），由于您没有，垂直线对齐不正确
  • 为什么不使用mhchem化学公式包？
  • 相反，使用列标题嵌套表格更简单，使用makecell包及其指令；例如

\thead{Carbon footprint\\ (\ce{CO2}/FU)}

• 通过使用X列类型，您可以将单元格内容拆分为 LaTeX

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[left=30mm, right=25mm]{geometry}
\usepackage[version=4]{mhchem}
\usepackage{natbib}

\usepackage{makecell, tabularx}
\renewcommand\theadfont{\bfseries}
\newcolumntype{C}{>{\centering\arraybackslash}X}

\begin{document}
    \begin{table}[ht]
    \renewcommand*{\arraystretch}{1.2}
    \centering
    \caption{Environmental impact of the production of 1kg \ce{CaCO3} through different metabolic pathways \citep{Porter}.}
\begin{tabularx}{\linewidth}{|l|>{\hsize=0.9\hsize}C|
                                >{\hsize=1.2\hsize}C|
                                >{\hsize=0.9\hsize}C|}
\hline
\textbf{Pathway} & \bfseries Carbon footprint (\ce{CO2}/FU) 
                    & \bfseries Eutrophication Potential (\ce{SO4}/FU) 
                        & \bfseries Embodied Energy (MJ)  \\
    \hline
Carbonation         & 2,37  & 7,35e-4   &  7,2      \\ \hline
Ureolytic bacteria  & 1,51  & 2,4e-1    & 16,1      \\ \hline
Carbonic anhydrase  & 0,555 & 2,09e-4   &  0,619    \\\hline
\end{tabularx}
\end{table}
\end{document}

但是，使用tabularray和siunitx包你可以得到更简单的代码和（在我看来）更漂亮的表格：

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[left=30mm, right=25mm]{geometry}
\usepackage[version=4]{mhchem}
\usepackage{natbib}
\usepackage[skip=1ex, 
            font=small, labelfont=bf]{caption}

\usepackage{tabularray}
\UseTblrLibrary{booktabs, siunitx}

\begin{document}
    \begin{table}[ht]
   \centering
\caption{Environmental impact of the production of \qty{1}{kg} \ce{CaCO3} through different metabolic pathways \citep{Porter}.}
\label{tab:metabolic?}
\begin{tblr}{colsep=4pt,
             colspec = {@{} l X[0.9, c, si]
                          X[1.2, c, si={table-format=1.2e1}]
                          X[0.9, c, si]
                        @{}},
             row{1} = {font=\bfseries, guard}
             }
    \toprule
Pathway & Carbon footprint (\ce{CO2}/FU)
                    & Eutrophication Potential (\ce{SO4}/FU)
                        & Embodied Energy (MJ)    \\
    \midrule
Carbonation         & 2,37  & 7,35e-4   &  7,2      \\  
Ureolytic bacteria  & 1,51  & 2,4e-1    & 16,1      \\  
Carbonic anhydrase  & 0,555 & 2,09e-4   &  0,619    \\ 
    \bottomrule
\end{tblr}
    \end{table}
\end{document}