如何调整参考文献之间的间距？

Question

我想改变引用之间的间距。

我想也许可以改变这个地方，但我不知道如何改变。

\if@appendbibformat
    \AtEndPreamble{%
        \@ifpackageloaded{biblatex}%
            {%
                \if@authordateformat
                    \DefineBibliographyStrings{english}{%
                        bibliography = {References}}
                \else
                    \DefineBibliographyStrings{english}{%
                        references = {Bibliography}}
                \fi
                \renewcommand{\bibsetup}{%
                    \addcontentsline{toc}{\tf@topsecname}{\bibname}
                    \vspace{\dimexpr -2\tf@singlelineskip +1\baselineskip \relax}%
                    \singlespacing%
                    \def\tf@adjaftersec{\dimexpr \tf@singlelineskip -\p@ \relax}}
                \renewcommand{\bibitemsep}{1\baselineskip}
                \renewcommand{\bibhang}{0.5in}
            }{}}
\fi

---

我认为这是整个代码

\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}
\ProvidesPackage{turabian-formatting}[2018/08/01 Turabian Formatting]

\newif\if@optraggedright\@optraggedrightfalse

\newif\if@authordateformat\@authordateformatfalse

\newif\if@appendbibformat\@appendbibformattrue

\newif\if@endnotesformat\@endnotesformatfalse


% Package options: handling

\DeclareOption{raggedright}{\@optraggedrighttrue}

\DeclareOption{authordate}{\@authordateformattrue}

\DeclareOption{noadjustbib}{\@appendbibformatfalse}

\DeclareOption{endnotes}{\@endnotesformattrue}

\ProcessOptions\relax


\RequirePackage{etoolbox}


% Margin size: 1 inch on all sides
\setlength\textwidth{\dimexpr \paperwidth -2in \relax}
\setlength\hoffset{\z@}

\setlength\textheight{\dimexpr \paperheight -2in \relax}
\setlength\voffset{\z@}

\setlength\oddsidemargin{\z@}
\setlength\evensidemargin{\z@}

% Header top and footer baseline: set to 0.5in from page edges
\setlength\topmargin{-0.5in}
\setlength\headheight{\dimexpr \f@size pt \relax}
\setlength\headsep{\dimexpr 0.5in -\headheight \relax}

\setlength\footskip{0.5in}

% Text spacing is double spaced
\RequirePackage{setspace}
\setstretch{1}
% \setlength{\bibsep}{0pt plus 0.5ex}

% Preserve normalsize and footnotesize single spacing baselineskip values

\newlength\tf@singlelineskip
\newlength\tf@fnsinglelineskip

\ifcase \@ptsize
    \setlength\tf@singlelineskip{12pt}
    \setlength\tf@fnsinglelineskip{9.5pt}
\or
    \setlength\tf@singlelineskip{13.6pt}
    \setlength\tf@fnsinglelineskip{11pt}
\or
    \setlength\tf@singlelineskip{14.5pt}
    \setlength\tf@fnsinglelineskip{12pt}
\fi


% Paragraph indent
\setlength\parindent{0.5in}

% Renew \raggedright to preserve paragraph indent and set \@optraggedright to true
\def\raggedright{%
    \let\\\@centercr\@rightskip\@flushglue \rightskip\@rightskip
    \leftskip\z@skip
    \@optraggedrighttrue}

% Use \raggedright if raggedright option true
\if@optraggedright \raggedright \fi

% Prevent widowed text with 2 line default
\PassOptionsToPackage{defaultlines=2, all}{nowidow}
\AtEndPreamble{%
    \@ifpackageloaded{nowidow}%
        {}%
        {\RequirePackage{nowidow}}}


% Footnotes: layout and formatting

\PassOptionsToPackage{bottom, marginal}{footmisc}
\if@endnotesformat
    \PassOptionsToPackage{perpage}{footmisc}
\fi

\RequirePackage{footmisc}

\setlength\footnotemargin{\parindent}

% Footnotes: Chicago symbols used when needed
\setfnsymbol{chicago}

% Footnotes: separation between footnotes based on text size
\ifcase \@ptsize
    \setlength\footnotesep{12pt}
\or
    \setlength\footnotesep{18.7pt}
\or
    \setlength\footnotesep{20.4pt}
\fi

\setlength{\skip\footins}{\footnotesep}

% Footnotes: readjust footnote rule size and placement
\renewcommand{\footnoterule}{%
    \vspace*{-3pt}
    \hrule width 2in height 0.4pt
    \vspace*{-4pt}}

% Footnotes: make command to set footnote punctuation
\newcommand{\tf@setfnpunct}[1]{\def\tf@thefnpunct{#1\,\,}}
\tf@setfnpunct{.}

% Footnotes: renew command for typesetting footnotes
\renewcommand{\@makefntext}[1]{%
    \if@optraggedright \raggedright \fi
    \setlength\parindent{\footnotemargin}%
    \setlength\tf@singlelineskip{\tf@fnsinglelineskip}%
    \@thefnmark\tf@thefnpunct#1}


% Page style (headings): place page number in header, top right
\def\ps@headings{%
    \let\@oddfoot\@empty
    \let\@evenfoot\@empty
    \def\@evenhead{\thepage\hfil\slshape\leftmark}
    \def\@oddhead{{\slshape\rightmark}\hfil\thepage}
    \let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo
    \let\markboth\@mkboth
    \let\chaptermark\@gobble
    \let\sectionmark\@gobble}

% Page style (myheadings): make same as headings page style 
\let\ps@myheadings\ps@headings

% Page style (headings): set default page style and page numbering
\pagestyle{headings}
\pagenumbering{arabic}

% Page style (empty): adjust if twoside option used
\if@twoside
    \def\cleardoublepage{%
        \clearpage
        \ifodd \c@page \else
            \hbox{}
            \thispagestyle{empty}
            \newpage
        \fi}
\fi


% Set top section command name to "section" (default)
\def\tf@topsecname{section}

% Set adjustment for baselineskip after \section and \section* headings
\def\tf@adjaftersec{\dimexpr \baselineskip -\tf@singlelineskip -\p@ \relax}

% Headings formatting: \section, \subsection, and \subsubsection
\setcounter{secnumdepth}{0}

\renewcommand{\section}{%
    \@startsection{section}{1}%
        {\z@}%
        {-\tf@singlelineskip}%
        {\tf@singlelineskip}%
        {\normalfont\bfseries\normalsize\singlespacing\centering}}

\renewcommand{\subsection}{%
    \@startsection{subsection}{2}%
        {\z@}%
        {-\tf@singlelineskip}%
        {\tf@singlelineskip}%
        {\normalfont\mdseries\normalsize\singlespacing\centering}}

\renewcommand{\subsubsection}{%
    \@startsection{subsubsection}{3}%
        {\z@}%
        {-\tf@singlelineskip}%
        {\tf@singlelineskip}%
        {\normalfont\bfseries\normalsize\singlespacing\raggedright}}

% Headings formatting: following paragraphs start with an indent
\def\tf@afterindent{\@afterindenttrue}


% Table of Contents: renew formatting

\def\tf@tocpagestyle{\@empty}

\renewcommand{\tableofcontents}{%
    \tf@tocpagestyle
    \expandafter\csname \tf@topsecname\endcsname*{\contentsname}%
    \@mkboth{\contentsname}{\contentsname}%
    \if@optraggedright
        \let\tf@tocrmarg\@tocrmarg
        \def\@tocrmarg{\tf@tocrmarg plus1fil}
    \fi
    {   \vspace{\dimexpr -3\tf@singlelineskip +1\baselineskip \relax}%
        \singlespacing
        \@starttoc{toc}}}%


% List of Figures and List of Tables: adjust titles

\renewcommand{\listfigurename}{Figures}
\renewcommand{\listtablename}{Tables}

\AtEndPreamble{
    \@ifpackageloaded{polyglosia}%
        {%
            \addto\captionsenglish{%
                \renewcommand{\listfigurename}{Figures}
                \renewcommand{\listtablename}{Tables}}%
        }{}
    \@ifpackageloaded{babel}%
        {%
            \addto\captionsenglish{%
                \renewcommand{\listfigurename}{Figures}
                \renewcommand{\listtablename}{Tables}}%
        }{}}

% List of Figures
\renewcommand{\listoffigures}{%
    \expandafter\csname \tf@topsecname\endcsname*{\listfigurename}%
    \@mkboth{\listfigurename}{\listfigurename}%
    \addcontentsline{toc}{\tf@topsecname}{\listfigurename}%
    {   \vspace{\dimexpr -3\tf@singlelineskip +1\baselineskip \relax}%
        \singlespacing
        \@starttoc{lof}}}

% List of Tables
\renewcommand{\listoftables}{%
    \expandafter\csname \tf@topsecname\endcsname*{\listtablename}%
    \@mkboth{\listtablename}{\listtablename}%
    \addcontentsline{toc}{\tf@topsecname}{\listtablename}%
    {   \vspace{\dimexpr -3\tf@singlelineskip +1\baselineskip \relax}%
        \singlespacing
        \@starttoc{lot}}}

% List of Illustrations
\newcommand{\listillustrationname}{Illustrations}
\def\tf@illustrsection{\normalfont\bfseries\normalsize\singlespacing\noindent}

\newcommand{\listofillustrations}{%
    \expandafter\csname \tf@topsecname\endcsname*{\listillustrationname}%
    \@mkboth{\listillustrationname}{\listillustrationname}%
    \addcontentsline{toc}{\tf@topsecname}{\listillustrationname}%
    {   \vspace{\dimexpr -3\tf@singlelineskip +1\baselineskip \relax}%
        \singlespacing
        {\tf@illustrsection Figures}\par\nopagebreak
        \@starttoc{lof}
        \vspace{\tf@singlelineskip}
        {\tf@illustrsection Tables}\par\nopagebreak
        \@starttoc{lot}}}


% Figures and Tables: float positioning

\setlength\textfloatsep{%
    \dimexpr 2\tf@singlelineskip +\p@ \relax minus 1\tf@singlelineskip}
\setlength\floatsep{%
    \dimexpr 1\tf@singlelineskip +\p@ \relax plus 1\tf@singlelineskip}
\setlength\intextsep{%
    \dimexpr 1\tf@singlelineskip +\p@ \relax plus 1\tf@singlelineskip}

\def\fps@table{!htb}
\def\fps@figure{!htb}

% Figures and Tables: caption formatting

\setlength\abovecaptionskip{\z@}
\setlength\belowcaptionskip{\z@}

\long\def\@makecaption#1#2{%
    \vskip\abovecaptionskip
    \if@optraggedright \raggedright \fi
    \small#1. #2\par
    \vskip\belowcaptionskip}


% Lists: enumerate and itemize formatting
\setlength\leftmargini{1.5\parindent}
\setlength\leftmargin{\leftmargini}
\setlength\leftmarginii{\parindent}
\setlength\leftmarginiii{\parindent}
\setlength\leftmarginiv{\parindent}
\setlength\labelsep{.65em}
\setlength\labelwidth{\dimexpr \parindent -\labelsep \relax}

% Lists: formatting command for both enumerate and itemize
\def\tf@listformat{%
    \setlength\topsep{\z@}
    \setlength\itemsep{\z@}
    \setlength\parsep{\z@}
    \setlength\listparindent{\parindent}}

% Lists (enumerate): format of enumerate list labels
\renewcommand{\labelenumi}{\arabic{enumi}.}
\renewcommand{\labelenumii}{\alph{enumii})}
\renewcommand{\labelenumiii}{(\arabic{enumiii})}
\renewcommand{\labelenumiv}{(\alph{enumiv})}

% Lists (enumerate): redefine enumerate to include formatting command hook
\def\tf@enumerateformat{\tf@listformat}
\def\enumerate{%
    \ifnum \@enumdepth >\thr@@\@toodeep \else
        \advance\@enumdepth\@ne
        \edef\@enumctr{enum\romannumeral\the\@enumdepth}%
        \expandafter
        \list
            \csname label\@enumctr\endcsname
            {\usecounter\@enumctr%
            \def\makelabel##1{\hss\llap{##1}}%
            \tf@enumerateformat}%
    \fi}

% Lists (itemize): redefine itemize to include formatting command hook
\def\tf@itemizeformat{\tf@listformat}
\def\itemize{%
    \ifnum \@itemdepth >\thr@@\@toodeep \else
        \advance\@itemdepth\@ne
        \edef\@itemitem{labelitem\romannumeral\the\@itemdepth}%
        \expandafter
        \list
            \csname\@itemitem\endcsname
            {\def\makelabel##1{\hss\llap{##1}}%
            \tf@itemizeformat}%
    \fi}


% Block quotation: formatting
\renewenvironment{quotation}
    {%
        \list{}{%
            \setlength\listparindent{\parindent}
            \setlength\itemindent{\listparindent}
            \setlength\leftmargin{\parindent}
            % Adjust right margin based on raggedright option
            \if@optraggedright
                \setlength\rightmargin{\z@}
            \else
                \setlength\rightmargin{\leftmargin}
            \fi
            \setlength\parsep{\z@}
            \setlength\topsep{\dimexpr 2\tf@singlelineskip -\baselineskip \relax}}%
        \singlespacing%
        \item\relax%
    }
    {\endlist}
\def\quote{\quotation}


% thebibliography environment: formatting (adjust \@openbib@code hook default)


\setlength\bibindent{\parindent}

\newlength{\bibitemsep}\setlength{\bibitemsep}{.1\baselineskip plus .05\baselineskip minus .05\baselineskip}
\newlength{\bibparskip}\setlength{\bibparskip}{0pt}
\let\oldthebibliography\thebibliography
\renewcommand\thebibliography[1]{%
  \oldthebibliography{#1}%
  \setlength{\parskip}{\bibitemsep}%
  \setlength{\itemsep}{\bibparskip}%
}

% biblatex-chicago: set formatting defaults and pass options
\PassOptionsToPackage%
    {isbn=false, autolang=other, footmarkoff, backend=biber}%
    {biblatex-chicago}
\if@authordateformat
    \PassOptionsToPackage{authordate}{biblatex-chicago}
\fi

% biblatex-chicago: adjustments to \printbibliography formatting
\if@appendbibformat
    \AtEndPreamble{%
        \@ifpackageloaded{biblatex}%
            {%
                \if@authordateformat
                    \DefineBibliographyStrings{english}{%
                        bibliography = {References}}
                \else
                    \DefineBibliographyStrings{english}{%
                        references = {Bibliography}}
                \fi
                \renewcommand{\bibsetup}{%
                    \addcontentsline{toc}{\tf@topsecname}{\bibname}
                    \vspace{\dimexpr -2\tf@singlelineskip +1\baselineskip \relax}%
                    \singlespacing%
                    \def\tf@adjaftersec{\dimexpr \tf@singlelineskip -\p@ \relax}}
                \renewcommand{\bibitemsep}{1\baselineskip}
                \renewcommand{\bibhang}{0.5in}
            }{}}
\fi


% Endnotes: support and formatting

\if@endnotesformat

    \RequirePackage{endnotes, xparse}

    % Changes footnote marker type and formatting
    \tf@setfnpunct{}
    \renewcommand*{\thefootnote}{\fnsymbol{footnote}}

    \PassOptionsToPackage{notetype=endonly}{biblatex-chicago}
    
    \AtEndPreamble{%
        % Make endnotes use of "_" not a special character when in text mode
        \appto{\enoteheading}{%
            \catcode`_=12
            \begingroup\lccode`~=`_
            \lowercase{\endgroup\let~}\sb
            \mathcode`_="8000}

这是我复制的模板。https://www.overleaf.com/latex/templates/turabian-formatted-thesis-slash-dissertation/qkyvdqrsgmnf

谢谢

Answer 1

要调整脚注之间的间距，您可以将长度设置\footnotesep为不同的值。最好在文档序言中完成此操作（在您的.tex文件中，在开头和声明文档类之间\begin{document}）。无需修改文件turabian-formatting.sty，也无需更改设置biblatex。

在设置中\footnotesep，可以根据其现有值减去脚注的单行跳过值来动态设置值（有效地消除脚注之间的间距）。更重要的是，脚注规则后的间距也需要设置。要进行这些更改，请将以下代码放在文件的序言中.tex：

\makeatletter
    \newlength\new@footnotesep
    \setlength\new@footnotesep{\dimexpr\footnotesep - \tf@fnsinglelineskip\relax}
    \setlength\footnotesep{\new@footnotesep}

    \renewcommand{\footnoterule}{%
        \kern-3\p@
        \hrule \@width 2in height 0.4\p@
        \kern4\p@}
\makeatother

希望这有帮助...欢迎来到 TeX.SX！ ：）