我正在尝试绘制附图中的图表。几个小时后我仍无法完成两项任务。感谢您的帮助
- 在植物矩形框中写下如下所示的方程式。
\dot{x} = f(x, \alpha(x, \theta)) \\
y = h(x)
\end{align*}
- 如附图所示，在连接“总和”和“时间”节点的线的中间附加一条直线。
我想要绘制的图形：
我目前的结果
我的代码
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{positioning}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows}
\usetikzlibrary{backgrounds,fit,shapes}
\begin{document}
\begin{figure}[ht]
\centering
\begin{tikzpicture}
% Sum shape
\node[draw=black,
circle,
minimum size=0.8cm,
% fill=green!10
] (sum) at (0,0){$\large + $};
% Integrator
\node [draw=black,
% fill=green,
minimum width=1.5cm,
minimum height=1.2cm,
right=1cm of sum,
] (Integrator) {\large $\frac{k}{s}$};
% low pass filter
\node [draw=black,
% fill=green,
minimum width=1.5cm,
minimum height=1.2cm,
right=1cm of Integrator,
] (lowfilter) {\large $\frac{\omega_l}{s + \omega_l}$};
% times shape
\node[draw=black,
circle,
minimum size=0.8cm,
right=1cm of lowfilter,
] (times){$\large \times$} ;
% High pass filter
\node [draw=black,
% fill=green,
minimum width=1.5cm,
minimum height=1.2cm,
right=1.5cm of times,
] (highfilter) {\large $\frac{s}{s + \omega_h}$};
%======================================================================
% I want to write equation inside this rectangle
%\begin{align*}
% \dot{x} = f(x, \alpha(x, \theta)) \\
% y = h(x)
%\end{align*}
% Plant
\node [draw=black,
% fill=green,
minimum width=4cm,
minimum height=2cm,
above=2cm of times,
] (plant) {\large $\dot{x} = f(x, \alpha(x, \theta)) $ };
% ] (plant) {\begin{align*}
% \dot{x} = f(x, \alpha(x, \theta))
% \end{align*}}; % $\dot{x} = f(x, \alpha(x, \theta)) $ };
\draw[-stealth] (highfilter.west) -- (times.east)
node[midway,above]{$y -\eta $};
\draw[-stealth] (times.west) -- (lowfilter.east);
% node[midway,above]{};
\draw[-stealth] (lowfilter.west) -- (Integrator.east)
node[midway,above]{$\xi$};
\draw[-stealth] (Integrator.west) -- (sum.east)
node[midway,above]{$\hat{\theta}$};
\draw[-stealth] (sum.north) |- (plant.west);
\draw[-stealth] (plant.east) -- ++ (4,0)
node[near end](output){}node[near end,above]{$y$};
\draw[-stealth] (output.center) |- (highfilter.east);
\draw[stealth-stealth] (times.south) --++ (0, -1) -| (sum.south)
node[midway](connector){};
%\draw[-stealth] (connector.center) --++ (0, -1);
\end{tikzpicture}
\caption{Caption}
\label{fig:my_label}
\end{figure}
\end{document}
答案1
像这样：
编写植物方程系统最简单的方法是使用包aligned的环境amsmath。我擅自定义了方案元素的样式，并稍微重新设计了其输入部分。通过这种方式，方案代码更短，（希望）更清晰。
编辑：添加的是方案中缺少的输入部分。
%\documentclass{article}
\documentclass[margin=3mm]{standalone}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows.meta,
backgrounds,
fit,
positioning,
quotes}
\newcommand\ppbb{path picture bounding box}
\begin{document}
% \begin{figure}[ht]
% \centering
\begin{tikzpicture}[auto=right,
node distance = 8mm and 12mm,
dot/.style = {circle, fill, minimum size=3pt, inner sep=0pt,
node contents={}},
shorten <>/.style = {shorten <=#1, shorten >=#1},
sum/.style = {circle, draw=black, minimum size=6mm,
path picture={\draw[very thick,shorten <>=1mm]
(\ppbb.north) edge[-] (\ppbb.south)
(\ppbb.west) -- (\ppbb.east);},
node contents={}},
% Sum shape
mul/.style = {circle, draw=black, minimum size=6mm,
path picture={\draw[very thick,shorten <>=1mm]
(\ppbb.north west) edge[-] (\ppbb.south east)
(\ppbb.south west) -- (\ppbb.north east);},
node contents={}},
N/.style = {draw, minimum size=12mm, align=center, font=\large},
every edge/.append style = {draw, -Stealth}
]
% blocks
\node (sum) [sum];
\node (int) [N, right=of sum] {$\frac{k}{s}$};
\node (LPF) [N, right=of int] {$\frac{\omega_l}{s + \omega_l}$};
\node (mul) [mul, right=of LPF];
\node (HPF) [N, right=of mul] {$\frac{s}{s + \omega_h}$};
%
\node (plant) [N, above=of mul] {$\begin{aligned} % <----
\dot{x} & = f(x, \alpha(x,\theta))\\
y & = h(x)
\end{aligned}$};
\node (out) [dot, right=of plant-| HPF.east, label=$y$];
%
\node (in) [dot, below=of sum];
%% lines
\path (HPF) edge["$y-\eta$"] (mul)
(mul) edge (LPF)
(LPF) edge["$\xi$"] (int)
(int) edge["$\hat{\theta}$"] (sum)
(in) edge (sum)
(out) edge ++ (1.2,0);
%
\draw[-Stealth] (sum) |- (plant) node[pos=0.9, above] {$\theta$};
\draw[-Stealth] (plant) -- (out) |- (HPF);
%
\draw (in) to["$a\sin\omega t$"] ++ (-2,0);
\draw[-Stealth] (in) -| (mul);
\end{tikzpicture}
% \caption{Caption}
% \label{fig:my_label}
% \end{figure}
\end{document}