![当乳胶中使用多列的特定行太长时,有什么方法可以调整列宽?](https://linux22.com/image/459936/%E5%BD%93%E4%B9%B3%E8%83%B6%E4%B8%AD%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8%E5%A4%9A%E5%88%97%E7%9A%84%E7%89%B9%E5%AE%9A%E8%A1%8C%E5%A4%AA%E9%95%BF%E6%97%B6%EF%BC%8C%E6%9C%89%E4%BB%80%E4%B9%88%E6%96%B9%E6%B3%95%E5%8F%AF%E4%BB%A5%E8%B0%83%E6%95%B4%E5%88%97%E5%AE%BD%EF%BC%9F.png)
我正在使用乳胶进行学术写作,想知道是否有任何方法可以在下面的乳胶文档中美观地显示表格。
\documentclass[fleqn,12pt,a4]{article}
\usepackage{adjustbox}
\usepackage{threeparttable}
\begin{document}
\begin{table}
\centering
\begin{adjustbox}{max width=\textwidth}
\begin{tabular}{l*{4}{c}} \hline\hline
&\multicolumn{1}{c}{(1)} &\multicolumn{1}{c}{(2)} &\multicolumn{1}{c}{(3)} &\multicolumn{1}{c}{(4)} \\
\hline \\ \multicolumn{5}{l}{Panel A: Outcome variable name is VERY VERY VERY VERY VERY VERY VERY VERY LONG }\\ \hline
Treatment & 0.121 & 0.142 & 0.201 & 0.198 \\
& (0.151) & (0.242) & (0.301) & (0.298) \\
\hline\hline
\end{tabular}
\end{adjustbox}
\end{table}
\end{document}
当我编译这个文件时,我得到了这个。
我想自动调整列 (1) -- (4) 的宽度,使其宽度相等。有什么办法吗?我想保留它,
adjustbox
因为它对我的工作流程非常方便(从R
或生成表格stata
并将它们导入我的 latex 文件中)。
我正在使用 MacTeX-2022 和 pdflatex。
答案1
您需要允许在包含长字符串的单元格中出现换行。
如果您选择实施以下解决方案,您还需要指定所需或目标整个表格的宽度。在下表中,目标宽度设置为0.7\textwidth
。根据长字符串的长度,您可能需要适当增加或减少此宽度。
\documentclass[12pt,a4paper]{article}
\usepackage{tabularx} % for 'tabularx' environment and 'X' column type
\newcolumntype{C}{>{\centering\arraybackslash}X}
\newcolumntype{P}{>{\raggedright}p{\targetwidth}}
\newlength\targetwidth
\usepackage{booktabs} % for well-spaced horizontal rules
\begin{document}
\begin{table}
\setlength\targetwidth{0.7\textwidth} % choose a suitable width
\centering
\begin{tabularx}{\targetwidth}{@{} l CCCC @{}}
\toprule
& (1) & (2) & (3) & (4) \\
\midrule
\multicolumn{5}{@{}P@{}}{Panel A: Outcome variable name is a VERY VERY VERY VERY VERY VERY VERY LONG STRING}\\
\midrule
Treatment & 0.121 & 0.142 & 0.201 & 0.198 \\
& (0.151) & (0.242) & (0.301) & (0.298) \\
\bottomrule
\end{tabularx}
\end{table}
\end{document}
答案2
不要使用adjustbox
来使表格宽度与文本宽度一样宽,因为这会导致字体大小不一致。您可以改用tabularx
。
我展示了两个实现;在第二个中,我假设您有几个称为“Panel X”的部分,因此我们可以设置悬挂缩进。
\documentclass[fleqn,12pt,a4paper]{article}
\usepackage{tabularx}
\usepackage{booktabs}
\newcommand{\panel}[3]{%
% #1 = number of columns to span
% #2 = name of the panel
% #3 = text
\multicolumn{#1}{@{}p{\textwidth}@{}}{%
\settowidth{\leftskip}{Panel M: }%
\makebox[0pt][r]{\makebox[\leftskip][l]{Panel #2:}}%
#3%
}%
}
\begin{document}
\begin{table}[htp]
\centering
\begin{tabularx}{\textwidth}{
@{}
l
*{4}{>{\centering\arraybackslash}X}
@{}
}
\toprule
& (1) & (2) & (3) & (4) \\
\midrule
\multicolumn{5}{@{}p{\textwidth}@{}}{Panel A: Outcome variable name is
VERY VERY VERY VERY VERY VERY VERY VERY LONG} \\
\midrule
Treatment & 0.121 & 0.142 & 0.201 & 0.198 \\
& (0.151) & (0.242) & (0.301) & (0.298) \\
\bottomrule
\end{tabularx}
\end{table}
\begin{table}[htp]
\centering
\begin{tabularx}{\textwidth}{
@{}
l
*{4}{>{\centering\arraybackslash}X}
@{}
}
\toprule
& (1) & (2) & (3) & (4) \\
\midrule
\panel{5}{A}{Outcome variable name is
VERY VERY VERY VERY VERY VERY VERY VERY LONG} \\
\midrule
Treatment & 0.121 & 0.142 & 0.201 & 0.198 \\
& (0.151) & (0.242) & (0.301) & (0.298) \\
\bottomrule
\end{tabularx}
\end{table}
\end{document}
答案3
您可以使用p{...}
创建一个固定列。任何超出该列长度的文本将被换行。它也可以与 一起使用,\multicolumn
效果相同。
在下面的解决方案中,我使用了 ,threeparttable
因为您在序言中已经使用了它。我还添加了makecell
。即使使用了较大的拉伸,我也会保持带括号和不带括号的相应数字之间的基本间距,这可能是一个小小的优势。
\documentclass[fleqn,12pt,a4paper]{article}
\usepackage{threeparttable}
\usepackage{booktabs}
\usepackage{array}
\usepackage{makecell}
\newcolumntype{C}[1]{>{\centering\arraybackslash}p{#1}}
\begin{document}
\begin{table}
%%% Settings for makecells
\renewcommand\cellalign{tc}
\renewcommand\cellset{\renewcommand\arraystretch{1}}
\renewcommand\cellgape{\gape[b]}
%%% Settings for vertical spacing
\renewcommand{\arraystretch}{2.25}
% correction for array stretch
\setlength\extrarowheight{-3pt}
%%% TABLE
\begin{threeparttable}
\caption{This is the caption}
\begin{tabular}{
p{\dimexpr\linewidth-10\tabcolsep-8.8cm}
*4{C{2.2cm}}
}
\toprule
& (1) & (2) & (3) & (4) \\
\midrule
\multicolumn{5}{p{\dimexpr\linewidth-2\tabcolsep}}{%
Panel A: Outcome variable name is VERY VERY VERY
VERY VERY VERY VERY VERY LONG} \\
\hline
Treatment
& \makecell{0.121\\(0.151)}
& \makecell{0.142\\(0.242)}
& \makecell{0.201\\(0.301)}
& \makecell{0.198\\(0.298)} \\
\bottomrule
\end{tabular}
\strut\footnotesize
Comments and annotations under the table
\end{threeparttable}
\end{table}
\end{document}