如何使用 tikz 绘制传感器和执行器图表

Question

代码如下。

\documentclass[12pt,letterpaper]{article}    
\usepackage[left=20mm,top=30mm,bottom=30mm,right=20mm]{geometry}

\usepackage{tikz}  % for drawing pictures
\usetikzlibrary{arrows.meta,
                chains,
                positioning,
                quotes,
                shapes.geometric, arrows}
\begin{document} 


\begin{center}
\begin{tikzpicture}[auto, 
                node distance = 15mm and 19mm,
                start chain = going right,
                arr/.style = {->},>=Latex,
                block/.style = {draw, minimum height=3em, minimum
                width=4em,align=center,fill=blue!20},
                sum/.style = {circle, draw, node contents={}},    
                        ]
                \begin{scope}[nodes={on chain, join=by arr}]        
                \coordinate (in);

                \node (n4) [block] {$K_m = 2 \times 10^{-1}$ \\ $N mV^{-1}$};

            \node (n5) [block] {$K_s = 5 \times 10^{-2}$ \\ $rad \hspace{1mm} N^{-1} m^{-1}$};
                \coordinate (out);

             \path (n4) to [below, pos=0.5,"$T$"] (n5)   (out) ;
              \path (n4) to [below, pos=0.5,"$V$"]  (in) ;

                \path (n5) to [below, pos=0.5,"$\theta$"]  (out) ;
                    
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{center}

\end{document}

下面的图片是我从上面的代码中得到的。

以下是我想要实现的。

Answer 1

抱歉，我之前没有空出来……

可能的解决方案是：

\documentclass[12pt,letterpaper]{article}
\usepackage[hmargin=20mm,vmargin=30mm]{geometry}

\usepackage{siunitx}
\usepackage{tikz}  % for drawing pictures
\usetikzlibrary{arrows.meta,
                decorations.markings,
                positioning,
                quotes,
                shapes.geometric}

\begin{document}
    \begin{center}
    \begin{tikzpicture}[auto,
node distance = 1mm and 19mm,
 block/.style = {draw, fill=blue!20,
                 minimum height=3em, minimum width=4em, align=center,
                 label=below:#1
                 },
   sum/.style = {circle, draw, node contents={}},
%
   arr/.style = {-{Stealth[scale=1.6]}},
   ->-/.style = {decoration = {markings,mark=at position 0.5
                               with {\arrow[scale=1.6]{Stealth}}},
                 postaction={decorate}},
every edge quotes/.append style = {anchor=center, align=center}
                        ]
\coordinate (in);
\node (n4) [block=Motor,  right=of in] {$K_m=2\times 10^{-1}$ \\ \unit{N mV^{-1}}};
\node (n5) [block=Spring, right=of n4] {$K_s=5\times 10^{-2}$ \\ \unit{\radian\per\newton\per\metre}};
\coordinate[right=of n5] (out);
\draw       (in) edge [->-,"$V$\\ Volts"] (n4)
            (n4) edge [->-,"$T$\\ \unit{\newton\meter\second}"]   (n5)
            (n5) edge [arr, "$\theta$\\ rad"]  (out);
    \end{tikzpicture}
    \end{center}
\end{document}

附录： 节点“阻塞”在链中的情况。

\usepackage[hmargin=20mm,vmargin=30mm]{geometry}

\usepackage{siunitx}
\usepackage{tikz} 
\usetikzlibrary{arrows.meta,
                chains,                % added
                decorations.markings,
                positioning,
                quotes,
                shapes.geometric}

\begin{document}
    \begin{center}
    \begin{tikzpicture}[auto,
node distance = 1mm and 19mm,
  start chain = going right,
    CB/.style = {draw, fill=blue!20,   % ChainBlock
                 minimum height=3em, minimum width=4em, align=center,
                 on chain,             % added
                 label=below:#1
                 },
   sum/.style = {circle, draw, node contents={}},
%
   arr/.style = {-{Stealth[scale=1.6]}},
   ->-/.style = {decoration = {markings,mark=at position 0.5
                               with {\arrow[scale=1.6]{Stealth}}},
                 postaction={decorate}},
every edge quotes/.append style = {anchor=center, align=center}
                        ]
\coordinate[on chain] (in);  % added option "on chain"
\node (n4) [CB=Motor] {$K_m=2\times 10^{-1}$ \\ \unit{N mV^{-1}}};
\node (n5) [CB=Spring]{$K_s=5\times 10^{-2}$ \\ \unit{\radian\per\newton\per\metre}};
\coordinate[on chain] (out); % added option "on chain"
\draw       (in) edge [->-,"$V$\\ Volts"] (n4)
            (n4) edge [->-,"$T$\\ \unit{\newton\meter\second}"]   (n5)
            (n5) edge [arr, "$\theta$\\ rad"]  (out);
    \end{tikzpicture}
    \end{center}
\end{document}

结果和以前一样。

Answer 2

我添加了siunitx包和calc库。

\documentclass[12pt,letterpaper]{article}    
\usepackage[left=20mm,top=30mm,bottom=30mm,right=20mm]{geometry}

\usepackage{tikz}  % for drawing pictures
\usetikzlibrary{arrows.meta,
  calc,
  chains,
  positioning,
  quotes,
  shapes.geometric, arrows}
\usepackage{siunitx}

\begin{document}
  \begin{center}
    \begin{tikzpicture}[auto, 
      node distance = 15mm and 19mm,
      start chain = going right,
      arr/.style = {->},>=Latex,
      block/.style = {draw, minimum height=3em, minimum
        width=4em,align=center,fill=blue!20},
      sum/.style = {circle, draw, node contents={}},    
      ]
      \begin{scope}[nodes={on chain, join=by arr}]        
        \coordinate (in);
        
        \node (n4) [block] {$K_m = \num{2e-1}$\\ \unit{\newton\meter\per\volt}};
        
        \node (n5) [block] {$K_s = \num{5e-2}$ \\ \unit{\radian\per\newton\per\metre}};
        \coordinate (out);
        
      \end{scope}
      \node [below=1pt of n4] {Motor};
      \node [below=1pt of n5] {Spring};
      \node at ($(in)!.5!(n4.west)$) [label={above:$V$}, label={below:\unit{\volt}}] {};
      \node at ($(n4.east)!.5!(n5.west)$) [label={above:$T$}, label={below:\unit{\newton\meter}}] {};
      \node at ($(n5.east)!.5!(out)$) [label={above:$\theta$}, label={below:\unit{\radian}}] {};
    \end{tikzpicture}
  \end{center}
\end{document}