![使用 titlesec 为章节创建特定样式](https://linux22.com/image/462106/%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8%20titlesec%20%E4%B8%BA%E7%AB%A0%E8%8A%82%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E7%89%B9%E5%AE%9A%E6%A0%B7%E5%BC%8F.png)
我正在编写一个模板来进一步了解 LaTeX,但我对自己的\chapter{}
命令不满意。我尝试制作一个带有章节编号的迷你目录,如下图所示:
然而,我希望进行一些特定的改变,使这个对我来说变得完美。
首先,我对左右两边的不同间距感到非常不舒服,我不知道如何解决这个问题,而且,我希望所有边的间距都相同,而不是像下面的图片这样:
其次,我真的希望迷你目录内的内容能够适应包含它的矩形的大小,这样其中的部分越多,字体就越小,以适合所有部分。
Overfull \hbox (1.22324pt too wide) in paragraph at lines 15--15
第三,当我输入命令时我收到警告\chapter{Entering the commands}
,但我真的不知道为什么。
好吧,我的 MWE 是这样的:
我的.cls
文件:
\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}
\ProvidesClass{solutionclass}[2023/03/03 My Custom LaTeX Class for exercise solutions]
\LoadClass[a4paper, twoside, 11pt]{book}
% LANGUAGE AND ENCODING
\RequirePackage[portuguese, english]{babel}
\RequirePackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\RequirePackage[T1]{fontenc}
% TEXT FORMATTING AND MANIPULATION
\RequirePackage{csquotes}
\RequirePackage{mathrsfs}
\RequirePackage{titlesec}
\RequirePackage{lipsum}
% FIGURES, TIKZ AND BOXES
\RequirePackage{graphicx}
\RequirePackage{float}
\RequirePackage{xcolor}
\RequirePackage{tikz}
\RequirePackage{tikz-3dplot}
\RequirePackage{pgfplots}
\RequirePackage[most]{tcolorbox}
% PAGE AND TEXT STYLES
\RequirePackage[colorlinks = true,
urlcolor = LinkColor,
anchorcolor = LinkColor,
citecolor = LinkColor,
filecolor = LinkColor,
linkcolor = LinkColor,
menucolor = LinkColor,
linktocpage = true,
bookmarks = true,
pdfusetitle]{hyperref}
\RequirePackage[top = 2.5cm,
bottom = 3.8cm,
left = 2cm,
right = 2cm,
]{geometry}
\RequirePackage{microtype}
\RequirePackage{titletoc}
\RequirePackage{multicol}
\RequirePackage{lmodern}
\RequirePackage{nameref}
\usetikzlibrary{%
decorations.pathreplacing,
decorations.pathmorphing,
decorations.markings,
shapes.multipart,
shapes.geometric,
arrows.meta,
tikzmark,
fadings,
arrows,
angles,
quotes,
calc,
3d,
}
\pgfplotsset{compat=1.18}
% COLOR SETTINGS
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\definecolor{myblack}{HTML}{101010} % PERSONAL BLACK
\definecolor{myorangeI}{HTML}{e93820} % PERSONAL ORANGE I
\definecolor{LinkColor}{HTML}{eb5a00} % PERSONAL ORANGE II
% CHAPTER SETTINGS
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\newcommand{\chapterNumberAndMinitoc}{%
\begin{tikzpicture}
\node[%
minimum height = 3.2cm,
text width = 2.5cm,
outer sep = 0pt,
align = center,
fill = myblack,
font = \color{white}\fontsize{80}{90}\selectfont,
] (num) {\thechapter};
\node[%
rotate = 90,
anchor = south,
font = \color{black}\Large\normalfont
] at ([xshift=-3pt] num.west) {\textls[180]{\textsc{List N°}}};
\node[%
minimum height = 3.2cm,% Height of the box
minimum width = 6.2cm,
inner sep = 2.5mm, % The border thickness
align = left, % Text aligning
fill = myblack, % Color background
] at ([xshift=-10.3cm] num.east) {%
\color{white}
\begin{minipage}{0.7552\textwidth} % Control the width of the box
\begin{multicols}{2}
\printcontents[sections]{}{1}{}{}
\end{multicols}
\end{minipage}
};
\end{tikzpicture}%
}
\titleformat{\chapter}[display]
{\normalfont\bfseries\color{myblack}}
{\filleft%
\chapterNumberAndMinitoc}{1em}
{\titlerule[2.5pt]\vspace{3pt}\titlerule\vspace{4pt}\LARGE\textsc}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\makeatletter
\patchcmd{\chapter}{%
\if@openright
\cleardoublepage
\else
\clearpage
\fi
}{%
}{}{}
\makeatother
\let\oldsection\section
\renewcommand{\section}[1]{%
\oldsection*{#1}
\phantomsection
\addcontentsline{toc}{section}{#1}
}
我的.tex
文件:
\documentclass[]{solutionclass}
\pagestyle{plain}
\begin{document}
\makeatletter
\startcontents[sections]
\phantomsection
\chapter{Entering the commands} % Here I have the warning
\makeatother
\section{Unbreakable Form}
\section{Breakable Form}
\section{Using the references}
\section{Equations style}
\section{Additional Boxes}
\section{Additional Commands}
\end{document}
补充评论:
我删除了每个部分的编号以保持 mini-TOC 的清洁;
如果此代码不起作用,则可能是我忘记了帖子中的某些信息,因为由于内容
.cls
很大,我不想把所有内容都放出来,以免难以理解,但对我来说,此代码有效;
我正在使用 pdfLaTeX 进行编译。
答案1
部分回应
左右两侧的间距不同,
\hbox 过满(宽 1.22324pt)
我补充道
\titlecontents{section}
[0em]
{}
{}
{}
{\titlerule*[1pc]{.}\contentspage}
我还添加了inner sep
并计算了包outer sep
中最后一个节点的可用宽度xfp
\fpeval{\textwidth-2.5cm-20pt-5mm}pt
- 第一个节点的宽度为2.5cm
- 20pt 第二个节点的高度(旋转 90 度)
- 5mm 2 x 第三个节点的内隔
在小页面末尾添加了 %
编辑
我非常希望迷你目录内的内容能够适应包含它的矩形的大小
fitting
我使用tcolorbox
\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}
\ProvidesClass{solutionclass}[2023/03/03 My Custom LaTeX Class for exercise solutions]
\LoadClass[a4paper, twoside, 11pt]{book}
% LANGUAGE AND ENCODING
\RequirePackage[portuguese, english]{babel}
\RequirePackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\RequirePackage[T1]{fontenc}
% TEXT FORMATTING AND MANIPULATION
\RequirePackage{csquotes}
\RequirePackage{mathrsfs}
\RequirePackage{titlesec}
\RequirePackage{lipsum}
% FIGURES, TIKZ AND BOXES
\RequirePackage{graphicx}
\RequirePackage{float}
\RequirePackage{xcolor}
\RequirePackage{tikz}
\RequirePackage{tikz-3dplot}
\RequirePackage{pgfplots}
\RequirePackage[most]{tcolorbox}
% PAGE AND TEXT STYLES
\RequirePackage[colorlinks = true,
urlcolor = LinkColor,
anchorcolor = LinkColor,
citecolor = LinkColor,
filecolor = LinkColor,
linkcolor = LinkColor,
menucolor = LinkColor,
linktocpage = true,
bookmarks = true,
pdfusetitle]{hyperref}
\RequirePackage[top = 2.5cm,
bottom = 3.8cm,
left = 2cm,
right = 2cm,
]{geometry}
\RequirePackage{microtype}
\RequirePackage{titletoc}
\RequirePackage{multicol}
\RequirePackage{lmodern}
\RequirePackage{nameref}
\RequirePackage{xfp}%<--- added
\usetikzlibrary{%
decorations.pathreplacing,
decorations.pathmorphing,
decorations.markings,
shapes.multipart,
shapes.geometric,
arrows.meta,
tikzmark,
fadings,
arrows,
angles,
quotes,
calc,
3d,
}
\pgfplotsset{compat=1.18}
% COLOR SETTINGS
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\definecolor{myblack}{HTML}{101010} % PERSONAL BLACK
\definecolor{myorangeI}{HTML}{e93820} % PERSONAL ORANGE I
\definecolor{LinkColor}{HTML}{eb5a00} % PERSONAL ORANGE II
% CHAPTER SETTINGS
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\newcommand{\chapterNumberAndMinitoc}{%
\begin{tikzpicture}
\node[%
minimum height = 3.2cm,
text width = 2.5cm,
outer sep = 0pt,
inner sep = 0pt,%<--- added
align = center,
fill = myblack,
font = \color{white}\fontsize{80}{90}\selectfont,
] (num) {\thechapter};
\node[%
minimum height = 20pt,%<--- added
outer sep = 0pt,%<--- added
inner sep = 0pt,%<--- added
rotate = 90,
anchor = south,
font = \color{black}\Large\normalfont
]
(listN)%<--- added
at
(num.west)
{\textls[180]{\textsc{List N°}}};
\node[%
inner sep = 0pt, % The border thickness
outer sep = 0pt,%<--- added
anchor = east,
] at
(listN.north) {%<--- added
%\color{white}
% \begin{minipage}{\fpeval{\textwidth-2.5cm-20pt-5mm}pt} % Control the width of the box
% %\setlength{\columnsep}{0pt}
% \begin{multicols}{2}
% \printcontents[sections]{}{1}{}{}
% \end{multicols}
% \end{minipage}%<--- added DON't FORGET
%%%%%%%%%%%%%% EDIT
\begin{tcolorbox}[
width=\fpeval{\textwidth-2.5cm-20pt}pt,
enhanced,
boxrule=0pt,
sharp corners,
left=2.5mm,
right=2.5mm,
top=2.5mm,
bottom=2.5mm,
valign=center,
colback=myblack,
fit to height=3.2cm,
fit fontsize macros
]
\color{white}
\begin{multicols}{2}
\printcontents[sections]{}{1}{}{}
\end{multicols}
\end{tcolorbox}
};
\end{tikzpicture}%
}
\titleformat{\chapter}[display]
{\normalfont\bfseries\color{myblack}}
{\filleft%
\chapterNumberAndMinitoc}{1em}
{\titlerule[2.5pt]\vspace{3pt}\titlerule\vspace{4pt}\LARGE\textsc}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\makeatletter
\patchcmd{\chapter}{%
\if@openright
\cleardoublepage
\else
\clearpage
\fi
}{%
}{}{}
\makeatother
\let\oldsection\section
\renewcommand{\section}[1]{%
\oldsection*{#1}
\phantomsection
\addcontentsline{toc}{section}{#1}
}
%%%%%%%%%%% Added
\titlecontents{section}
[0em]
{\small}
{}
{}
{\titlerule*[1pc]{.}\contentspage}
答案2
这是我的解决方案。
在 .cls 文件中,我保留xcolor
包。它不是必需的,因为蒂克兹提供对颜色的访问,但是,我们可以使用像divpsnames
在文档类中一样的全局选项来访问更多颜色名称。
我已经添加了marginparwidth = 1.25cm
了几何学包装(所以有一点余地)。
我保留了您的代码,以避免在新章节的开头出现新页面(\patchcmd{\chapter}{...}
)。
我的代码使用 Ti钾Z 库calc
,但您已经在类文件中加载了它,因此我不必添加它。但请记住不要删除它。
在格式化章节标题的代码中(参见\titleformat
),我添加了\fontfamily{cmr}
以便能够访问粗体小型大写字母。
在的设置中\titlespacing
,我使用了固定长度,但您可以自由使用摩擦长度。
我已经设定了标题班级(A标题安全概念)以straight
在章节块之前保留垂直空间,除非它是页面的顶部。使用showframe
选项几何学包中,您可以在第三张屏幕截图中看到,当章节从页面顶部开始时,没有垂直空间。请注意,如果您没有选择允许章节从页面中间开始,则将之前添加的垂直空间设置为0pt
in\titlespacing
是不够的。剩余的空间很少(参见https://github.com/jbezos/titlesec/issues/53),由于软件包作者不会纠正这个“错误”,因为它与 LaTeX 内核中的行为相同,所以这里有一个解决方法:titlesec 软件包在 \chapter 顶部添加了额外的空间,尽管命令相反。
因此,如果您不想让章节从页面中间开始,则在删除代码后\patchcmd{\chapter}{...}
,您必须设置(在\titlespacing
)之前的垂直空间并0pt
添加以下小代码:
\makeatletter % the macro name contains @
\patchcmd{\ttl@mkchap@i}{\vspace*{\@tempskipa}}{}{}{}
\makeatother
在代码的其余部分,我设置了一些长度(80%\textwidth
的米尼托克\textwidth
块,15%的章节编号块,内隔的米尼托克块、柱分离。
如果章节数超过 9,则需要调整(减少)显示数字的大小(\node
在命令代码的第二个\chapterNumberAndMinitoc
)。
然后我设置部分目录的格式。
然后我们来看看\chapterNumberAndMinitoc
代码。
我们有 4 个步骤:显示米尼托克左侧显示章节块,右侧显示章节号背景,高度与米尼托克bloc,然后在中心显示章节号,最后在两个彩色块之间的空间中心显示旋转后的文本。
我已删除了您的代码\renewcommand{\section}[1]{...}
。
请注意,您使用了一种非常深的颜色(名为myblack
)作为米尼托克bloc、章节标题、章节编号、章节规则,但不包括旋转文本。我保留了旋转文本的黑色。
为了演示此 LaTeX 类在实际情况下的用法,我使用了大量假文本,利普萨姆包(您已在原始类文件中加载)。如果您需要显示超过 99 页的页码,您可以调整部分目录的一些空格(请参阅\titlecontents{p-section}
,并将它替换{}
为{\contentsmargin{20pt}}
,之前的代码,这样您就有空间容纳页码的第三位数字)。
文件solutionclass.cls
:
\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}
\ProvidesClass{solutionclass}[2023/03/15 My Custom LaTeX Class for exercise solutions]
\LoadClass[a4paper, twoside, 11pt]{book}
% LANGUAGE AND ENCODING
\RequirePackage[portuguese, english]{babel}
\RequirePackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\RequirePackage[T1]{fontenc}
% TEXT FORMATTING AND MANIPULATION
\RequirePackage{csquotes}
\RequirePackage{mathrsfs}
\RequirePackage{titlesec}
\RequirePackage{lipsum}
% FIGURES, TIKZ AND BOXES
\RequirePackage{graphicx}
\RequirePackage{float}
\RequirePackage{xcolor}
\RequirePackage{tikz}
\RequirePackage{tikz-3dplot}
\RequirePackage{pgfplots}
\RequirePackage[most]{tcolorbox}
% PAGE AND TEXT STYLES
\RequirePackage[colorlinks = true,
urlcolor = LinkColor,
anchorcolor = LinkColor,
citecolor = LinkColor,
filecolor = LinkColor,
linkcolor = LinkColor,
menucolor = LinkColor,
linktocpage = true,
bookmarks = true,
pdfusetitle]{hyperref}
\RequirePackage[top = 2.5cm,
bottom = 3.8cm,
left = 2cm,
right = 2cm,
marginparwidth = 1.25cm % <- added
]{geometry}
\RequirePackage{microtype}
\RequirePackage{titletoc}
\RequirePackage{multicol}
\RequirePackage{lmodern}
\RequirePackage{nameref}
\usetikzlibrary{%
decorations.pathreplacing,
decorations.pathmorphing,
decorations.markings,
shapes.multipart,
shapes.geometric,
arrows.meta,
tikzmark,
fadings,
arrows,
angles,
quotes,
calc,
3d,
}
\pgfplotsset{compat=1.18}
% COLOR SETTINGS
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\definecolor{myblack}{HTML}{101010} % PERSONAL BLACK
\definecolor{myorangeI}{HTML}{e93820} % PERSONAL ORANGE I
\definecolor{LinkColor}{HTML}{eb5a00} % PERSONAL ORANGE II
% CHAPTER SETTINGS
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% Avoid new page at the beginning of a new chapter
\makeatletter
\patchcmd{\chapter}{%
\if@openright
\cleardoublepage
\else
\clearpage
\fi
}{%
}{}{}
\makeatother
% formatting of the chapter title (number+text)
\titleformat{\chapter}% sectionning type to customize
[display]% shape, here number and title text on separate lines
{\normalfont\bfseries\color{myblack}\startcontents[sections]}%format; begins a partial toc named "sections" at each new chapter
{\chapterNumberAndMinitoc}% formatting code of the section (here chapter) number. Instead only number, this code also displays a partial TOC (sections in the current chapter)
{1em}% in "display" shape, the distance between the "number" and the "title", here he distance between the minitoc block and the rule above the chapter title
{\titlerule[2.5pt]\vspace{3pt}\titlerule\vspace{4pt}\LARGE\fontfamily{cmr}\textsc}% code before the title text. Here for rules and the title format. Added \fontfamily{cmr} for the bold small caps
% Setting of the space before and after the title
\titlespacing{\chapter}% Place the chapter block almost at top of the page
{0pt}% space added at left
{20pt}% vertical space added before
{20pt}% vertical space added after (space between chapter title and section title, for example)
\titleclass{\chapter}{straight} % so, if the chapter is at the beginning of a page, there is no vertical space before
% Further geometry settings
\columnsep=20pt % gap between the two columns in the multicols environment
\newlength{\minitocInnerSep}% inner sep in the minitoc node
\setlength{\minitocInnerSep}{10pt}
\newlength{\minitocWidth}% width of the minitoc block
\setlength{\minitocWidth}{0.8\textwidth}
\newlength{\chapterBlockWidth}% width of the block with the chapter number
\setlength{\chapterBlockWidth}{0.15\textwidth} % this value must be less than (1-0.8)\textwidth; here with 1-0.8-0.15=0.05, we have 0.05 for the width of the region of the rotated text. Never be less than 0.03.
\newlength{\minipageWidth}% width of the minipage in the minitoc
\setlength{\minipageWidth}{\dimexpr\minitocWidth-2\minitocInnerSep}%So the width of the minitoc block remains \minitocWidth
% formatting the section type (named p-section, see the prefix in \printcontents[sections] below) in the partial toc
\titlecontents{p-section}%
[0pt]% left margin, i.e. space before the text, generally for the section number
{}% code before (global formatting code).
{}% section number formatting code
{}% formatting code for sections without number
{\titlerule*[6pt]{.}\contentspage}% filler (here, dotted line) formatting. Followed by the page number (aka \contentspage)
\newcommand{\chapterNumberAndMinitoc}{%
\begin{tikzpicture}
% minitoc node
\node[%
minimum height = 3.2 cm,% Minimum height of the box
inner sep = \minitocInnerSep,% The border thickness
fill = myblack,% Color background
outer sep = 0pt %Needed to avoid overfull hbox
] (minitoc) {%
\color{white}
\begin{minipage}{\minipageWidth}
\begin{multicols}{2}
%displays the partial toc
\printcontents[sections]%
{p-}% prefix; so we can adjust the layout of the partial toc without changing the main (here name = p-section for modifying the sections in this partial toc)
{1}% display the partial toc from level 1 (0=chapter, 1=section)
[1]% ... to the level 1 (section)
{}% code for the partial toc
\end{multicols}
\end{minipage}
};
%Draw of the chapter block
\coordinate (chapterBlockNE) at ($(minitoc.north west)+(\textwidth,0)$);
\coordinate (chapterBlockSW) at ($(minitoc.south west)+(\textwidth-\chapterBlockWidth,0)$);
\fill[myblack] (chapterBlockNE) rectangle (chapterBlockSW);
%Display the chapter number
\node[%
anchor = center,
font = \color{white}\fontsize{80}{90}\selectfont %
] at ($(chapterBlockNE)!0.5!(chapterBlockSW)$) {\thechapter};
%Display the rotated text
\coordinate (rotatedTextC) at ($(minitoc.north east)!0.5!(chapterBlockSW)$);% center of the rotated text
\node[%
rotate = 90,
anchor = center,
font = \color{black}\Large\normalfont
] at (rotatedTextC) {\textls[180]{\textsc{List} N\textsuperscript{o}}};
\end{tikzpicture}%
}
文件test.tex
:
\documentclass[showframe]{solutionclass}
\pagestyle{plain}
\begin{document}
\tableofcontents
\chapter{Entering the commands}
\section{Unbreakable Form}
\subsection{Subsection}
\section{Breakable Form}
\lipsum[1-70]
\section{Using the references}
\section{Equations style}
\lipsum[1-40]
\section{Additional Boxes}
\lipsum[1-34]
\section{Additional Commands}
\section{Equations style}
\section{Additional Boxes}
\lipsum[1-7]
\section{Additional Commands}
\section{Additional Boxes}
\section{Additional Commands}
\lipsum[1-6]
\chapter{New Chapter}
\section{New Section}
text
\newpage
\chapter{Another New Chapter}
\section{A New Section}
\end{document}
输出的一些屏幕截图(使用showframe
由几何学包裹):