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标题包：页面顶部的垂直空间

tag-icon • tag-icon captions vertical-spacing
标题包：页面顶部的垂直空间

我仅使用以下方法将图片包含到我的文档中：

\begin{center}
\includegraphics{...}
\end{center}

但是，我想要带有captions包装的标题和正确的超链接锚点，所以我最终得到了如下结果：

\begin{center}
\captionsetup{type=figure}
\includegraphics{...}
\caption{asdf}
\label{fig1}
\end{center}

现在的问题是，如果包含图像，这似乎会产生垂直空间在页面顶部。否则，一切正常。使用平均能量损失下面看看我的意思。

MWE 也展示了两种解决方法，但我对它们都不满意。

我怎样才能做到这一点？

\documentclass{scrartcl}
\usepackage{mwe}
\usepackage[hypcap=true]{caption}
\usepackage[colorlinks=true]{hyperref}
\usepackage[showframe]{geometry}
\begin{document}

\listoffigures
\newpage

\begin{center}%
\captionsetup{type=figure}%
\includegraphics[width=.25\linewidth]{example-image}
\caption{asdf}
\label{fig1}
\end{center}
Why do I get vertical space above figure \ref{fig1}
\begin{center}%
\captionsetup{type=figure}%
\includegraphics[width=.25\linewidth]{example-image}
\caption{asdf}
\label{fig2}
\end{center}
Looks good here for \ref{fig2}. So must have something to do with top of page.

\newpage
\begin{center}
\captionsetup{type=figure}
\vspace{-3.5mm}
\includegraphics[width=.25\linewidth]{example-image}
\caption{asdf}
\label{fig3}
\end{center}
A workaround with some vspace for figure \ref{fig3}, however, the link anchor is now not optimal.

\newpage
\noindent
\begin{minipage}{\linewidth}
\centering\captionsetup{type=figure}
\includegraphics[width=.25\linewidth]{example-image}
\caption{asdf}
\label{fig4}
\end{minipage}
Using a minipage works as described in docs:

\url{https://mirror.clientvps.com/CTAN/macros/latex/contrib/caption/caption.pdf}

But now the spacing between caption and the text is too tight.


\newpage
\noindent
\begin{minipage}{\linewidth}
\centering\captionsetup{type=figure}
\includegraphics[width=.25\linewidth]{example-image}
\caption{asdf}
\label{fig5}
\end{minipage}
\vskip\baselineskip
\noindent So another workaround...

\end{document}

答案1

Minipage 是必需的，但它是一个相当低级的环境，必须明确添加间距。这可以使用 vspace 命令来完成，也可以使用 center 或使用 float 来完成，它也可以处理间距

\documentclass{scrartcl}
\usepackage{mwe}
\usepackage[hypcap=true]{caption}
\usepackage[colorlinks=true]{hyperref}
\usepackage[showframe]{geometry}
\usepackage{float}
\begin{document}

\listoffigures
\newpage
\vspace*{35\baselineskip}
\begin{center}%
\captionsetup{type=figure}%
\includegraphics[width=.25\linewidth]{example-image}
\caption{asdf}
\label{fig1}
\end{center}
You need a minipage to avoid that caption and picture gets separated, see \ref{fig1}

\newpage 
\noindent
\begin{minipage}{\linewidth}
\centering\captionsetup{type=figure}
\includegraphics[width=.25\linewidth]{example-image}
\caption{asdf}
\label{fig2}
\end{minipage}

But now the spacing between caption and the text is too tight.


\newpage
\begin{center}%
\noindent
\begin{minipage}{\linewidth}
\centering\captionsetup{type=figure}
\includegraphics[width=.25\linewidth]{example-image}
\caption{asdf}
\label{fig3}
\end{minipage}
\end{center}

Minipage is a rather low-level environment, spacing must be added explicitly. This can be done with vspace commands, but also e.g. with
center or use float which handles also the spacing, see \ref{fig4}

\newpage
\begin{figure}[H]
\centering
\includegraphics[width=.25\linewidth]{example-image}
\caption{asdd}
\label{fig4}
\end{figure}

with some text behind
\end{document}

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