☰

Longtable：带有 itemize 环境的多列不起作用（错误消息）

tag-icon • tag-icon longtable itemize multicolumn landscape
Longtable：带有 itemize 环境的多列不起作用（错误消息）

我想将两列（“纳滤”和“反渗透”，见图）合并为一列，并将两个单元格置于中央。

但是，多列不起作用：！LaTeX 错误：出现问题 - 也许缺少 \item。

我可以使用 \multicolumn 而不使用 \itemize（但这样表格就会超出页边距），或者使用 \itemize 而不使用 \multicolumn（如下例所示）。

\documentclass[
12pt,
a4paper,
parskip=half,
toc=bibliography,
numbers=noendperiod
]{scrbook}

\usepackage[
left=3cm,
right=2.5cm,
top=2.5cm,
bottom=2.0cm,
includehead,
includefoot
]{geometry}

\usepackage[UKenglish]{babel}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}

\usepackage{scrlayer-scrpage}
\usepackage{lmodern}
\usepackage{textcomp}
\usepackage{lscape}

\usepackage{makecell}

\usepackage[onehalfspacing]{setspace}

\usepackage[inline]{enumitem} 
\usepackage{float}
\usepackage{caption}
\usepackage{booktabs} 
\usepackage{tabularx, ragged2e} 
\usepackage{siunitx} 
\usepackage{longtable} 
\usepackage[longtable]{multirow}
\usepackage{multicol}
\addtokomafont{caption}{\scriptsize}
\usepackage[font={normal}]{caption}
\captionsetup[table]{labelsep=space, justification=raggedright, singlelinecheck=off}
\usepackage[flushleft]{threeparttable}

\setkomafont{captionlabel}{\bfseries\rmfamily}


\renewcommand*\dictumwidth{0.72\linewidth}
\usepackage[skip=10pt]{parskip}

\usepackage{array}

\newcolumntype{L}[1]{>{\raggedright\let\newline\\\arraybackslash\hspace{0pt}}p{#1}}
\newcolumntype{C}[1]{>{\centering\let\newline\\\arraybackslash\hspace{0pt}}p{#1}}
\newcolumntype{R}[1]{>{\raggedleft\let\newline\\\arraybackslash\hspace{0pt}}p{#1}}

\newcommand{\abbrlabel}[1]{\makebox[4cm][l]{\textbf{#1}\ \tocfill}}
\newcommand{\rr}{\raggedright}
\newcommand{\tn}{\tabularnewline}
\raggedbottom
\singlespacing\label{key}

\begin{document}
    \begin{landscape}
        \footnotesize
        {\def\arraystretch{2}\tabcolsep=10pt
            \begin{longtable}
                {
                    >{\raggedright\arraybackslash}p{4cm}
                    >{\raggedright\arraybackslash}p{4cm}
                    >{\raggedright\arraybackslash}p{4cm}
                    >{\raggedright\arraybackslash}p{4cm}
                    >{\raggedright\arraybackslash}p{4cm}
                }
                \caption[Characteristics of pressure driven membrane processes]{Characteristics of pressure driven membrane processes}
                \label{tab:pressuredriven}\\
                \toprule
                &Microfiltraton&Ultrafiltration&Nanofiltration&Reverse Osmosis\\
                \midrule
                \endfirsthead
                \caption[Characteristics of pressure driven membrane processes]{Characteristics of pressure driven membrane processes (continued)}\\
                \toprule    
                &   Microfiltraton                              &   Ultrafiltration                 &   Nanofiltration                              &   Reverse Osmosis                     \\
                \midrule
                \endhead
                Membrane material                           &       
                    \begin{itemize}[noitemsep,leftmargin=*,topsep=0pt,partopsep=0pt]
                        \item hydrophobic polymeric (PTFE, PVDF, PP, PE)
                        \item hydrophilic polymeric (cellulose, PC, PSU/PES, PI/PEI, PA, PEEK)
                        \item ceramic (Al2O3, ZrO2, TiO2, SiC) 
                        \item glass (SiO2), carbon, metals (stainless steel, palladium, tungsten, silver)
                    \end{itemize}
                    &
                    \begin{itemize}[noitemsep,leftmargin=*,topsep=0pt,partopsep=0pt]
                        \item polymeric (PSU/PES, PVDF, PAN, cellulose, PE/PEI, PA, PEEK) 
                        \item ceramic (Al2O3, ZrO2)
                    \end{itemize}
                    &
                    %   \multicolumn{2}{c}{
                    \begin{itemize}[noitemsep,leftmargin=*,topsep=0pt,partopsep=0pt]
                            \item   integral-asymmetric:\newline
                            cellulose esters (CDA, CTA),\newline
                            aromatic PA,\newline
                            PBI, PAH, PI
                            \item composites 
                    \end{itemize}
                    &
                \\
                Characterisation                    & 
                    \begin{itemize}[noitemsep,leftmargin=*,topsep=0pt,partopsep=0pt]
                        \item SEM
                        \item bubble-point method
                        \item mercury porometry
                        \item permeation
                    \end{itemize}
                    &
                    \raggedright
                    \begin{itemize}[noitemsep,leftmargin=*,topsep=0pt,partopsep=0pt]
                        \item cuff-off method
                        \item thermoporometry
                        \item liquid displacement
                        \item permporometry
                        \item gas ad-/desorption
                        \item permeation
                    \end{itemize}
                    & 
                    %\multicolumn{2}{c}{
                    \begin{itemize}[noitemsep,leftmargin=*,topsep=0pt,partopsep=0pt]
                        \item   permeation methods (gas/liquids) 
                        \item   DSC/DTA methods 
                        \item   density measurements 
                        \item   WAXS 
                        \item   plasma etching 
                        \item   surface analysis
                    \end{itemize}               
                    & 
                \\
                Industrial application                      &
                    \raggedright    
                    \begin{itemize}[noitemsep,leftmargin=*,topsep=0pt,partopsep=0pt]
                        \item analytical applications
                        \item sterilisation and clarification (food, beverages, pharmaceuticals)
                        \item ultrapure water for semiconductors
                        \item cell harvesting, bioreactor in biotechnology
                        \item medical application (plasmapheresis)
                        \item water treatment
                    \end{itemize}       
                    & 
                    \begin{itemize}[noitemsep,leftmargin=*,topsep=0pt,partopsep=0pt]
                        \item dairy
                        \item food (starch, proteins)
                        \item metallurgy (oil-water emulsions)
                        \item textile applications
                        \item pharmaceutical (enzymes, antibiotics)
                        \item water treatment
                    \end{itemize}
                    &
                    \begin{itemize}[noitemsep,leftmargin=*,topsep=0pt,partopsep=0pt]
                        \item desalination of brackish water
                        \item micropollutents removal
                        \item water softening
                        \item waste water treatment
                        \item retention of dyes
                    \end{itemize}
                    &
                    \begin{itemize}[noitemsep,leftmargin=*,topsep=0pt,partopsep=0pt]
                        \item desalination of brackish and sea water
                        \item ultrapure water production
                        \item food juice and sugars concentration
                        \item milk concentration
                    \end{itemize}
                \\
                \bottomrule
                \multicolumn{5}{p{\dimexpr0.93\linewidth+4\tabcolsep}}{\scriptsize footnote}\\
            \end{longtable}
                }
            \end{landscape}
\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

答案1

根据我对您上一个问题的回答中的第二个例子：

\usepackage[UKenglish]{babel}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage{scrlayer-scrpage}

\usepackage{pdflscape}
\usepackage{tabularray}
\UseTblrLibrary{booktabs, varwidth}
\usepackage{mhchem}

\usepackage{enumitem}

\begin{document}
    \begin{landscape}
\small
\setlist[itemize]{nosep,leftmargin=*}
\SetTblrStyle{contfoot}{font=\footnotesize\itshape}
    \begin{longtblr}[
caption = {Characteristics of pressure driven membrane processes},
  entry = {Characteristics of pressure driven membrane processes},
  label = {tab:pressuredriven},
                    ]{colspec = {@{} X[0.5,l]*{4}{X[l]} @{}},
                      stretch = -1, %<--- remove extra space above and below lists
                                    % with nosep option; doc p.51 tabularray
                       cell{2-Z}{4} = {c=2}{},  % <------- added
                       rowsep = 5pt,
                       rowhead  = 1,
                        measure = vbox,
                        hspan=minimal            % <------- added
                      }
    \toprule
    &   Microfiltraton 
        &   Ultrafiltration 
            &   Nanofiltration 
                &   Reverse Osmosis         \\
    \midrule
Membrane material                           
    &   \begin{itemize}
    \item hydrophobic polymeric (PTFE, PVDF, PP, PE)
    \item hydrophilic polymeric (cellulose, PC, PSU/PES, PI/PEI, PA, PEEK)
    \item ceramic (\ce{Al2O3}, \ce{ZrO2}, \ce{TiO2}, \ce{SiC})
    \item glass (SiO2), carbon, metals (stainless steel, palladium, tungsten, silver)
        \end{itemize}
        &   \begin{itemize}
        \item polymeric (PSU/PES, PVDF, PAN, cellulose, PE/PEI, PA, PEEK)
        \item ceramic (\ce{Al2O3}, \ce{ZrO2})
            \end{itemize}
            &   \begin{itemize}
            \item   integral-asymmetric: 
                    cellulose esters (CDA, CTA), 
                    PBI, PAH, PI
            \item composites
                    \end{itemize}
                    &
                    \\
Membrane material
    &   \begin{itemize}[nosep]
    \item hydrophobic polymeric (PTFE, PVDF, PP, PE)
    \item hydrophilic polymeric (cellulose, PC, PSU/PES, PI/PEI, PA, PEEK)
    \item ceramic (\ce{Al2O3}, \ce{ZrO2}, \ce{TiO2}, \ce{SiC})
    \item glass (SiO2), carbon, metals (stainless steel, palladium, tungsten, silver)
        \end{itemize}
        &   \begin{itemize}[nosep]
        \item polymeric (PSU/PES, PVDF, PAN, cellulose, PE/PEI, PA, PEEK)
        \item ceramic (\ce{Al2O3}, \ce{ZrO2})
            \end{itemize}
            &   \begin{itemize}[nosep]
            \item   integral-asymmetric:
                    cellulose esters (CDA, CTA),
                    PBI, PAH, PI
            \item composites
                    \end{itemize}
                    &
                    \\
                    \\
Membrane material
    &   \begin{itemize}[nosep]
    \item hydrophobic polymeric (PTFE, PVDF, PP, PE)
    \item hydrophilic polymeric (cellulose, PC, PSU/PES, PI/PEI, PA, PEEK)
    \item ceramic (\ce{Al2O3}, \ce{ZrO2}, \ce{TiO2}, \ce{SiC})
    \item glass (SiO2), carbon, metals (stainless steel, palladium, tungsten, silver)
        \end{itemize}
        &   \begin{itemize}[nosep]
        \item polymeric (PSU/PES, PVDF, PAN, cellulose, PE/PEI, PA, PEEK)
        \item ceramic (\ce{Al2O3}, \ce{ZrO2})
            \end{itemize}
            &   \begin{itemize}[nosep]
            \item   integral-asymmetric:
                    cellulose esters (CDA, CTA),
                    PBI, PAH, PI
            \item composites
                    \end{itemize}
                    &
                    \\
    \bottomrule
\end{longtblr}
    \end{landscape}
\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

答案2

ItemizeMulticolumn在使用p（而不是）选项内起作用c。

在这种情况下：\multicolumn{2}{p{\dimexpr8cm+2\tabcolsep}}。

如果项目符号应在合并单元格内居中，则有以下几种选择：

  • labelindent=1.5cm在\begin{itemize}选项中使用
  • 在之后添加以下内容\begin{itemize}：\addtolength{\itemindent}{1.5cm}
  • 也有人建议：itemize 中项目的水平对齐

我使用了选项一，得到了以下表格格式：

在此处输入图片描述

相关内容