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tag-icon • tag-icon align alignment cases braces
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我正在尝试重现以下有点复杂的支撑图：

示例支撑图

我无法按照自己想要的方式进行对齐。理想情况下，类别 A 应位于“更长的文本”和“短项目”分隔的空间的中心，类别 B 应位于最后一列的中心。

目前，我已经通过目测完成了类别标题的对齐，并且我使用该calc包来测量较长文本的宽度并强制较短的标题占据相同的空间。

但是，这感觉像是一个临时解决方案。有人能想到更好的方法来实现我的目标吗？

这是我的 MWE：

\documentclass[12pt]{article}

\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{calc}

\newcommand{\samesizeas}[2]{\makebox[\widthof{#1}][l]{#2}}

\begin{document}

\begin{align*}
    &\samesizeas{$\textsc{longish title}\begin{cases}even longer text\end{cases}$}{}
    \hspace*{-35pt}\text{Category A}
    \samesizeas{short item}{}\hspace*{8pt}\text{Category B} \\[1em]
    &\textsc{longish title}
    \begin{cases}
        \textit{even longer text}
        \begin{cases}
            \textit{short item}
            \begin{cases}
                \textit{item A} \\
                \textit{item B that is longer} \\
                \textit{item C}
            \end{cases} \\
            \textit{item that's a lot longer}
        \end{cases}
    \end{cases} \\
    &\samesizeas{\textsc{longish title}}{\textsc{shorter}}
    \begin{cases}
        \samesizeas{even longer text}{\textit{still short}}
        \begin{cases}
            \samesizeas{\textit{short item}}{\textit{shorter 1}}
            \begin{cases}
                \textit{item A} \\
                \textit{item B} \\
                \textit{item C}
            \end{cases} \\
            \textit{shorter 2}
        \end{cases}
    \end{cases}
\end{align*}

\end{document}

答案1

这是一个{NiceTabular}使用nicematrix及其\SubMatrix绘制括号的命令的解决方案。

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{nicematrix}

\begin{document}

\itshape
\begin{NiceTabular}{llll}
\RowStyle{\upshape}
  & \Block[c]{}{Category A} && \Block[c]{}{Category B} \\[2mm]
  &&& item A \\
  \Block{2-1}{\textsc{longish title}}&\Block{2-1}{even longer text}& short item & item B that is longer \\
  &&& item C \\
  && \Block[l]{1-2}{item that's a lot longer} \\[2mm]
  \Block{4-1}{\textsc{shorter}}& \Block{4-1}{still short}&& item A \\
  && shorter 1 & item B \\
  &&& item C \\
  && shorter 2 \\
\CodeAfter
  \SubMatrix{\{}{2-2}{5-4}{.}
  \SubMatrix{\{}{2-3}{5-4}{.}
  \SubMatrix{\{}{2-4}{4-4}{.}
  \SubMatrix{\{}{6-2}{9-4}{.}
  \SubMatrix{\{}{6-3}{9-4}{.}
  \SubMatrix{\{}{6-4}{8-4}{.}
\end{NiceTabular}

\end{document}

您需要多次编译。

上述代码的输出

答案2

我尝试过使用schemata它，但我不确定它是否设计了你想要的功能。所以我决定尝试一下forest间距和calligraphy花括号/大括号。

森林 + 书法图解

% ateb: https://tex.stackexchange.com/a/698199/
\documentclass[12pt]{standalone}
\usepackage{forest}
\usetikzlibrary{decorations.pathreplacing}
\usetikzlibrary{calligraphy}

\begin{document}
\begin{forest}
  for tree={
    grow'=0,
    tier/.option=level,
    child anchor=west,
    anchor=child anchor,
    fit=band,
  },
  before typesetting nodes={
    where level=1{font=\scshape}{font=\itshape},
  },
  where n children=0{no edge}{
    edge path={%
      \noexpand\node (sub-\foresteoption{name}) [fit to=descendants,inner sep=0pt] {};
      \noexpand\draw [decorate,decoration={calligraphic brace,amplitude=10pt},ultra thick] (sub-\foresteoption{name}.south west) -- (sub-\foresteoption{name}.north west); 
    },
    before drawing tree={%
      if level=0{}{%
        tempdima/.max={>O+dO+dw2+d{max y}{y}{#1+#2}}{descendants},
        tempdimb/.min={>O+dO+dw2+d{min y}{y}{#1+#2}}{descendants},
        tempdima-/.register=tempdimb,
        tempdima:=2,
        tempdimb+/.register=tempdima,
        y/.register=tempdimb,
      },
    },
  },
  before computing xy={%
    for children={l'=0pt}
  }
  [,coordinate
    [longish title
      [even longer text,name=elt
        [short item,name=si
          [item A]
          [item B that is longer,name=bil]
          [item C]
        ]
        [item that's a lot longer]
      ]
    ]
    [shorter 
      [still short
        [shorter 1
          [item A]
          [item B]
          [item C]
        ]
        [shorter 2]
      ]
    ]
  ]
  \node (cat a) [fit=(si) (elt)] {};
  \node (a) [anchor=base,yshift=10pt] at (cat a.center |- current bounding box.north) {Category A};
  \node [anchor=base] at (a.base -| bil.center) {Category B};
\end{forest}
\end{document}

如果需要绘制多个，可以将其转换为可重复使用的样式，以确保一致性并避免重复。如果是一次性的，那显然不相关。如果结构看起来有点间隙，也可以减少叶子之间的距离。

编辑

为了使叶子更紧密地结合在一起，我们可以指定s sep'=0pt（例如）for tree。

缩小叶子之间的缝隙

% ateb: https://tex.stackexchange.com/a/698199/
\documentclass[12pt]{standalone}
\usepackage{forest}
\usetikzlibrary{decorations.pathreplacing}
\usetikzlibrary{calligraphy}

\begin{document}
\begin{forest}
  for tree={
    grow'=0,
    tier/.option=level,
    child anchor=west,
    anchor=child anchor,
    fit=band,
    % adjust the minimum distance between 'children' to draw leaves closer together
    s sep'=1pt,
  },
  before typesetting nodes={
    where level=1{font=\scshape}{font=\itshape},
  },
  where n children=0{no edge}{
    edge path={%
      \noexpand\node (sub-\foresteoption{name}) [fit to=descendants,inner sep=0pt] {};
      \noexpand\draw [decorate,decoration={calligraphic brace,amplitude=10pt},ultra thick] (sub-\foresteoption{name}.south west) -- (sub-\foresteoption{name}.north west); 
    },
    before drawing tree={%
      if level=0{}{%
        tempdima/.max={>O+dO+dw2+d{max y}{y}{#1+#2}}{descendants},
        tempdimb/.min={>O+dO+dw2+d{min y}{y}{#1+#2}}{descendants},
        tempdima-/.register=tempdimb,
        tempdima:=2,
        tempdimb+/.register=tempdima,
        y/.register=tempdimb,
      },
    },
  },
  before computing xy={%
    for children={l'=0pt}
  }
  [,coordinate
    [longish title
      [even longer text,name=elt
        [short item,name=si
          [item A]
          [item B that is longer,name=bil]
          [item C]
        ]
        [item that's a lot longer]
      ]
    ]
    [shorter 
      [still short
        [shorter 1
          [item A]
          [item B]
          [item C]
        ]
        [shorter 2]
      ]
    ]
  ]
  \node (cat a) [fit=(si) (elt)] {};
  \node (a) [anchor=base,yshift=10pt] at (cat a.center |- current bounding box.north) {Category A};
  \node [anchor=base] at (a.base -| bil.center) {Category B};
\end{forest}
\end{document}

这可能不太理想。使用 Ti 调整叶子之间的间距并减少叶子内部的填充钾Zinner sep可能更好。

调整叶子和叶节点的分离

% ateb: https://tex.stackexchange.com/a/698199/
\documentclass[12pt]{standalone}
\usepackage{forest}
\usetikzlibrary{decorations.pathreplacing}
\usetikzlibrary{calligraphy}

\begin{document}
\begin{forest}
  for tree={
    grow'=0,
    tier/.option=level,
    child anchor=west,
    anchor=child anchor,
    fit=band,
  },
  before typesetting nodes={
    where level=1{font=\scshape}{font=\itshape},
  },
  where n children=0{no edge,s sep'=0pt,inner ysep=0pt}{
    edge path={%
      \noexpand\node (sub-\foresteoption{name}) [fit to=descendants,inner sep=0pt] {};
      \noexpand\draw [decorate,decoration={calligraphic brace,amplitude=10pt},ultra thick] (sub-\foresteoption{name}.south west) -- (sub-\foresteoption{name}.north west); 
    },
    before drawing tree={%
      if level=0{}{%
        tempdima/.max={>O+dO+dw2+d{max y}{y}{#1+#2}}{descendants},
        tempdimb/.min={>O+dO+dw2+d{min y}{y}{#1+#2}}{descendants},
        tempdima-/.register=tempdimb,
        tempdima:=2,
        tempdimb+/.register=tempdima,
        y/.register=tempdimb,
      },
    },
  },
  before computing xy={%
    for children={l'=0pt}
  }
  [,coordinate
    [longish title
      [even longer text,name=elt
        [short item,name=si
          [item A]
          [item B that is longer,name=bil]
          [item C]
        ]
        [item that's a lot longer]
      ]
    ]
    [shorter 
      [still short
        [shorter 1
          [item A]
          [item B]
          [item C]
        ]
        [shorter 2]
      ]
    ]
  ]
  \node (cat a) [fit=(si) (elt)] {};
  \node (a) [anchor=base,yshift=10pt] at (cat a.center |- current bounding box.north) {Category A};
  \node [anchor=base] at (a.base -| bil.center) {Category B};
\end{forest}
\end{document}

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