如何向条形图添加颜色和图例

Question

我正在尝试使用以下代码创建一个简单的图表：

\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{axis}[
    symbolic x coords={
        Integrated Circuits,
        Transistors,
        Capacitors,
        Resistors,
        Hybrid Circuits,
        Diodes,
        Others,
        Solder Joints
    },
    xtick=data
]
    \addplot[ybar,fill=blue] coordinates {
        (Integrated Circuits,   27)
        (Transistors,           14)
        (Capacitors,            12)
        (Resistors,             12)
        (Hybrid Circuits,       12)
        (Diodes,                10)
        (Others,                10)
        (Solder Joints,         3)
    };
\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}

由于标签很长，因此显示如下：

如何在此图表的右侧创建图例并为条形和图例添加独特的颜色。

我有另一个想法，那就是保持不变，但垂直呈现图表下方的文本

Answer 1

您可能喜欢倾斜的 x 刻度标签：

\documentclass[a4paper]{article}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\pgfplotsset{compat=1.18}
\newlength{\TL}  % Tick Label
 
\begin{document}
    \begin{figure}[htb]
\settowidth{\TL}{\footnotesize Integrated}
    \begin{tikzpicture}
 \begin{axis}[    
    width = \linewidth,
    symbolic x coords = {Integrated Circuits, Transistors, Capacitors,
                         Resistors, Hybrid Circuits, Diodes, Others,
                         Solder Joints},
    bar width=11mm,
    ybar,
    xtick=data,
    ticklabel style = {font=\footnotesize,
                       inner ysep=0pt},
    xticklabel style = {text width=\TL, align=right,
                        anchor=north east, rotate=30},
    legend entries={whatever}   % default position is north east
     ]
\addplot coordinates {
                 (Integrated Circuits,   27)
                 (Transistors,           14)
                 (Capacitors,            12)
                 (Resistors,             12)
                 (Hybrid Circuits,       12)
                 (Diodes,                10)
                 (Others,                10)
                 (Solder Joints,         3)
             };
\end{axis}
    \end{tikzpicture}
    \end{figure}
\end{document}

Answer 2

• 通过这篇文章x 刻度标签的替代位置，通过增加width图表和\small字体

• 对于图例，我删除了addplot ybar, fill=blue并添加ybar了axis environment

   \documentclass[12pt,a4paper]{article}
   %https://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/698728/how-to-add-color-and-legends-to-bar-chart
   \usepackage{pgfplots}
   \pgfplotsset{compat=1.18}
   \begin{document}
  
   \begin{tikzpicture}
       \begin{axis}[
               symbolic x coords={
                       Integrated Circuits,
                       Transistors,
                       Capacitors,
                       Resistors,
                       Hybrid Circuits,
                       Diodes,
                       Others,
                       Solder Joints
                   },
               ybar,%<--- added
               xtick=data,
               width=15cm,
               %https://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/296532/alternate-position-of-x-tick-labels
               x tick label style={
                       font=\small,
                       yshift={-mod(\ticknum,2)*1em}
                   },
               legend entries={I don't know},
               % legend style={at={(0.5,-0.15)},
               %         anchor=north,legend columns=-1},
           ]
           % \addplot [ybar, fill=blue]coordinates {
           \addplot coordinates {
                   (Integrated Circuits,   27)
                   (Transistors,           14)
                   (Capacitors,            12)
                   (Resistors,             12)
                   (Hybrid Circuits,       12)
                   (Diodes,                10)
                   (Others,                10)
                   (Solder Joints,         3)
               };
       \end{axis}
   \end{tikzpicture}
   \end{document}