我想创建一个宏来帮助组合 gls 符号。每个复合符号应由一个主体和（可选）上标和下标组成（它们本身是 gls 符号，并列在下标/上标的不同符号列表中）。此外，我想为一些复合符号添加自定义参数。我想实现的一个示例：
以下是我的问题：
- 为了确保在复合后添加的子标/上标被添加到“复合”子标/上标中，我需要使用修饰功能作为
xparse我定义的宏的最后两个参数（E{^_}{{}{}}） - 由于我事先不知道通过添加了多少个自定义参数，所以
args=我不知道修饰将具有哪个参数编号（即我必须计算参数的数量并动态添加参数编号）。
我想出了以下代码（不起作用）。我认为这里的主要问题是正确的扩展，这样保存修饰参数编号的变量（\l_compound_supparameter_tl和\l_compound_subparameter_tl）在最终定义宏之前就被扩展了。此外，我只能将逗号分隔的参数规范传递给args。
\documentclass[margin=5mm]{standalone}
\usepackage[symbols]{glossaries}
\newglossaryentry{body}{
type=symbols,
name={body},
symbol={B},
description={A body.}
}
\newglossaryentry{phase}{
type=symbols,
name={phase},
symbol={\alpha},
description={A material phase.}
}
\newglossaryentry{index}{
type=symbols,
name={index},
symbol={i},
description={A body index.}
}
\ExplSyntaxOn
% Define the keys
\keys_define:nn { my/glscompound }{
body .tl_set:N = \l_compound_body_tl,
args .tl_set:N = \l_compound_args_tl,
superscript .tl_set:N = \l_compound_superscript_tl,
superscript .initial:n = {},
subscript .tl_set:N = \l_compound_subscript_tl,
subscript .initial:n = {},
}
\tl_new:N \l_compound_supparameter_tl % stores the macro parameter for superscript (e.g. #3)
\tl_new:N \l_compound_subparameter_tl % stores the macro parameter for subscript (e.g. #4)
\cs_generate_variant:Nn \exp_args:Nnnx { NnVx }
\NewDocumentCommand{\NewGlsCompound}{ m m }{
\tl_clear:N \l_compound_body_tl
\tl_clear:N \l_compound_args_tl
\tl_clear:N \l_compound_superscript_tl
\tl_clear:N \l_compound_subscript_tl
\tl_set:Nn \l_compound_supparameter_tl { # }
\tl_set:Nn \l_compound_subparameter_tl { # }
\keys_set:nn { my/glscompound } { #2 }
% convert tl to sequence of arguments
\seq_set_split:NnV \l_tmpa_seq { , } \l_compound_args_tl
% get the count of the seq to determine the number of custom arguments
\int_set:Nn \l_tmpa_int { \seq_count:N \l_tmpa_seq }
% parameter number of superscript
\int_incr:N \l_tmpa_int
\tl_put_right:NV \l_compound_supparameter_tl \l_tmpa_int
% parameter number of subscript
\int_incr:N \l_tmpa_int
\tl_put_right:NV \l_compound_subparameter_tl \l_tmpa_int
% convert the arument seq to a single tl
\tl_set:No \l_compound_args_tl { \seq_use:Nn \l_tmpa_seq { , } }
% append the sub/superscript arguments
\tl_put_right:Nn \l_compound_args_tl { ~E{^_}{{}{}} }
% Define the new command
\exp_args:NnVx \NewDocumentCommand {#1} \l_compound_args_tl {
\l_compound_body_tl
% superscript
% evaluated during runtime, if an additional superscript as parameter
% '\l_compound_supparameter_tl' is given
\IfValueT{ \l_compound_supparameter_tl }{
% append the custom superscript to the body of the compound superscript
\tl_put_right:Nn \l_compound_superscript_tl { \l_compound_supparameter_tl }
}
% if the body of the superscript is not empty, call the superscript macro
\tl_if_blank:VF \l_compound_superscript_tl { \sp{ \l_compound_superscript_tl } }
% subscript (same as superscript)
\IfValueT{ \l_compound_supparameter_tl }{
\tl_put_right:Nn \l_compound_subscript_tl { \l_compound_supparameter_tl }
}
\tl_if_blank:VF \l_compound_subscript_tl { \sb{ \l_compound_subscript_tl } }
}
}
\ExplSyntaxOff
\NewGlsCompound{\Body}{
body = { \glssymbol{body} },
args = { O{arg1}, O{arg2} }, % this is comma separated list of arguments
superscript = { \glssymbol{phase},#1 },
subscript = { \glssymbol{index},#2 },
}
\begin{document}
\begin{minipage}{.7\textwidth}
\renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.5}
\begin{tabular}{l l}
\verb+\Body+ &\(\rightarrow \Body\)\\
\verb+\Body^{,a}_{,y}+ &\(\rightarrow \Body^{,a}_{,y}\)\\
\verb+\Body[foo]+ &\(\rightarrow \Body[foo]\)\\
\verb+\Body[foo]^{,x}+ &\(\rightarrow \Body[foo]^{,x}\)\\
\verb+\Body[foo][bar]^{,x}+ &\(\rightarrow \Body[foo][bar]^{,x}\)
\end{tabular}
\end{minipage}
\end{document}
如果您能帮助我解决这个扩展难题，我将不胜感激！
答案1
首先，您需要一个例程来计算 xparse-argument-signature 指定的参数数量。
在下面的例子中，这就是例程
\MYSTUFF_xparse_arg_signature_count:n。\__cmd_split_signature:n我抄袭了评论 LaTeX 2ε 来源，文件 g：ltcmd.dtx 日期：2023-08-19 版本 v1.2a，部分“1.7.2 显示命令的定义”。该例程
\MYSTUFF_xparse_arg_signature_count:n采用一个参数，该参数将形成 实例的 x-parse-argument-signature\NewDocumentCommand。
该例程在经过两个扩展步骤后，将返回一个数字标记序列，以十进制表示 x-parse-argument-signature 指定的参数数量。另一个问题是，在定义while时，将类别 8（下标）的下划线 ( ) 放入定义的命令的 -type 参数的
_修饰规范中，以便 undescore 具有类别代码 11（字母）。E\NewGlsCompound\NewGlsCompound\ExplSyntaxOn
我可能会这样做：
%\errorcontextlines=10000
\ExplSyntaxOn
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\cs_new:Nn \MYSTUFF_xparse_arg_signature_count:n
{
\exp:w \exp_after:wN \exp_after:wN \exp_after:wN \exp_end:
\int_eval:n
{
0 \__MYSTUFF_xparse_arg_signature_count_loop:Nw #1
\q_recursion_tail \q_recursion_stop
}
}
\cs_new:Npn \__MYSTUFF_xparse_arg_signature_count_loop:Nw #1
{
\quark_if_recursion_tail_stop:N #1
\tl_if_exist:cTF
{ c_MYSTUFF_xparse_map_arg_type_to_argclass_\tl_to_str:n{#1}_tl }
{
\tl_use:c
{ c_MYSTUFF_xparse_map_arg_type_to_argclass_\tl_to_str:n{#1}_tl }
}
{ +1 \__MYSTUFF_xparse_arg_signature_count_loop:Nw }
}
\cs_set:Npn \__cmd_tmp:w #1 #2
{
\quark_if_nil:nF
{#1}
{
\tl_const:cn { c_MYSTUFF_xparse_map_arg_type_to_argclass_#1_tl } {#2}
\__cmd_tmp:w
}
}
\__cmd_tmp:w
t{\__MYSTUFF_xparse_arg_remove_arg_specification_of_class_delim:w}
r{\__MYSTUFF_xparse_arg_remove_arg_specification_of_class_delims:w}
d{\__MYSTUFF_xparse_arg_remove_arg_specification_of_class_delims:w}
R{\__MYSTUFF_xparse_arg_remove_arg_specification_of_class_delims_opt:w}
D{\__MYSTUFF_xparse_arg_remove_arg_specification_of_class_delims_opt:w}
O{\__MYSTUFF_xparse_arg_remove_arg_specification_of_class_opt:w}
e{\__MYSTUFF_xparse_arg_remove_arg_specification_of_class_e:w}
E{\__MYSTUFF_xparse_arg_remove_arg_specification_of_class_E:w}
+{\__MYSTUFF_xparse_arg_remove_arg_specification_of_class_prefix:w}
!{\__MYSTUFF_xparse_arg_remove_arg_specification_of_class_prefix:w}
>{\__MYSTUFF_xparse_arg_remove_arg_specification_of_class_processor:w}
={\__MYSTUFF_xparse_arg_remove_arg_specification_of_class_processor:w}
\q_nil \q_nil
%------------
\cs_new:Npn \__MYSTUFF_xparse_arg_remove_arg_specification_of_class_delim:w
#1
{ +1 \__MYSTUFF_xparse_arg_signature_count_loop:Nw }
\cs_new:Npn \__MYSTUFF_xparse_arg_remove_arg_specification_of_class_delims:w
#1 #2
{ +1 \__MYSTUFF_xparse_arg_signature_count_loop:Nw }
\cs_new:Npn \__MYSTUFF_xparse_arg_remove_arg_specification_of_class_delims_opt:w
#1 #2 #3
{ +1 \__MYSTUFF_xparse_arg_signature_count_loop:Nw }
\cs_new:Npn \__MYSTUFF_xparse_arg_remove_arg_specification_of_class_opt:w
#1
{ +1 \__MYSTUFF_xparse_arg_signature_count_loop:Nw }
\cs_new:Npn \__MYSTUFF_xparse_arg_remove_arg_specification_of_class_e:w
#1
{ +\tl_count:n{#1} \__MYSTUFF_xparse_arg_signature_count_loop:Nw }
\cs_new:Npn \__MYSTUFF_xparse_arg_remove_arg_specification_of_class_E:w
#1 #2
{ +\tl_count:n{#1} \__MYSTUFF_xparse_arg_signature_count_loop:Nw }
\cs_new:Npn \__MYSTUFF_xparse_arg_remove_arg_specification_of_class_prefix:w
{ \__MYSTUFF_xparse_arg_signature_count_loop:Nw }
\cs_new:Npn \__MYSTUFF_xparse_arg_remove_arg_specification_of_class_processor:w
#1
{ \__MYSTUFF_xparse_arg_signature_count_loop:Nw }
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\cs_if_exist:NF \IfBlankF { \cs_new_eq:NN \IfBlankF \tl_if_blank:nF }
\cs_if_exist:NF \IfBlankT { \cs_new_eq:NN \IfBlankT \tl_if_blank:nT }
\cs_if_exist:NF \IfBlankTF { \cs_new_eq:NN \IfBlankTF \tl_if_blank:nTF }
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\tl_new:N \l_MYSTUFF_GLSCOMPOUND_body_tl
\tl_new:N \l_MYSTUFF_GLSCOMPOUND_args_tl
\tl_new:N \l_MYSTUFF_GLSCOMPOUND_superscript_tl
\tl_new:N \l_MYSTUFF_GLSCOMPOUND_subscript_tl
\tl_new:N \l_MYSTUFF_GLSCOMPOUND_supparameter_tl
\tl_new:N \l_MYSTUFF_GLSCOMPOUND_subparameter_tl
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\keys_define:nn { MYSTUFF/GLSCOMPOUND }{
body.tl_set:N = \l_MYSTUFF_GLSCOMPOUND_body_tl,
args.tl_set:N = \l_MYSTUFF_GLSCOMPOUND_args_tl,
superscript.tl_set:N = \l_MYSTUFF_GLSCOMPOUND_superscript_tl,
subscript.tl_set:N = \l_MYSTUFF_GLSCOMPOUND_subscript_tl,
}
% ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
% Use expl3-infrastructure for providing error-message in case the key
% "body" is not specified in the 2nd argument of \NewGlsCompound.
% ..............................................................................
\prop_gput:Nnn \g_msg_module_type_prop { MYSTUFF_GLSCOMPOUND } {}
\prop_gput:Nnn
\g_msg_module_name_prop
{ MYSTUFF_GLSCOMPOUND }
{Macro-Defined-In-Preamble:}
\msg_new:nnnn {MYSTUFF_GLSCOMPOUND}
{No Value specified}
{Macro~#1:~No~value~for~key~"#3"~specified.}
{In~the~#2~argument~a~value~for~key~"#3"~must~be~specified~%
when~calling~macro~#1.}
\cs_new:Npn \NoValueSpecifiedError #1#2#3 {
\exp_args:Nne \use:nn {
\msg_error:nnnnn {MYSTUFF_GLSCOMPOUND} {No Value specified}
}{{\iow_char:N \\ \cs_to_str:N#1}}{#2}{#3}
}%
%-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
% In order to get _ of category 8(subscript) and ^ of category 7(superscript)
% into the embellishment specification of the E-type argument of the command
% defined via \NewGlsCompound, define a scratch variant of \NewGlsCompound
% which as arguments grabs these tokens and redefines itself.
\group_begin:
\cs_set:Npn \NewGlsCompound #1#2
{
\group_end:
\NewDocumentCommand \NewGlsCompound {mm} {
\group_begin:
\exp_args:Nnx \keys_set:nn { MYSTUFF/GLSCOMPOUND } {
body={\exp_not:o{\c_novalue_tl}},
args={},
superscript={},
subscript={}
}
\keys_set:nn { MYSTUFF/GLSCOMPOUND } { ##2 }
\exp_args:NV \tl_if_novalue:nTF
\l_MYSTUFF_GLSCOMPOUND_body_tl
{ \group_end: \NoValueSpecifiedError{\NewGlsCompound}{second}{body} }
{
\tl_set:Nf \l_MYSTUFF_GLSCOMPOUND_supparameter_tl
{
\int_eval:n
{
\exp_args:No \MYSTUFF_xparse_arg_signature_count:n
{\l_MYSTUFF_GLSCOMPOUND_args_tl} + 1
}
}
\tl_set:Nf \l_MYSTUFF_GLSCOMPOUND_subparameter_tl
{
\int_eval:n
{
\tl_use:N \l_MYSTUFF_GLSCOMPOUND_supparameter_tl + 1
}
}
\tl_put_left:Nn \l_MYSTUFF_GLSCOMPOUND_supparameter_tl {####}
\tl_put_left:Nn \l_MYSTUFF_GLSCOMPOUND_subparameter_tl {####}
\tl_put_right:Nn \l_MYSTUFF_GLSCOMPOUND_args_tl { E{#1#2}{{}{}} }
\__MYSTUFF_GLSCOMPOUND_set_scriptdirective_to_tokenlist:NNN
\l_MYSTUFF_GLSCOMPOUND_superscript_tl
\l_MYSTUFF_GLSCOMPOUND_supparameter_tl
#1
\__MYSTUFF_GLSCOMPOUND_set_scriptdirective_to_tokenlist:NNN
\l_MYSTUFF_GLSCOMPOUND_subscript_tl
\l_MYSTUFF_GLSCOMPOUND_subparameter_tl
#2
\exp_args:Nnx
\use:nn
{ \group_end: \NewDocumentCommand {##1} }
{
{ \exp_not:o{\l_MYSTUFF_GLSCOMPOUND_args_tl} }
{
\exp_not:o{ \l_MYSTUFF_GLSCOMPOUND_body_tl}
\exp_not:o{\l_MYSTUFF_GLSCOMPOUND_superscript_tl}
\exp_not:o{\l_MYSTUFF_GLSCOMPOUND_subscript_tl}
}
}
}
}
}
\char_set_catcode_math_superscript:N \^
\char_set_catcode_math_subscript:N \_
\NewGlsCompound{^}{_}
% Scratch-\NewGlsCompound im the line above does
% \group_end:
%--------------------
\cs_new:Nn \__MYSTUFF_GLSCOMPOUND_set_scriptdirective_to_tokenlist:NNN
{
% #1 = \l_MYSTUFF_GLSCOMPOUND_superscript_tl /
% \l_MYSTUFF_GLSCOMPOUND_subscript_tl
% #2 = \l_MYSTUFF_GLSCOMPOUND_supparameter_tl /
% \l_MYSTUFF_GLSCOMPOUND_subparameter_tl
% #3 = _ (subscript) or ^ (subscript)
\__MYSTUFF_GLSCOMPOUND_set_scriptdirective_to_tokenlist:NVVN#1#1#2#3
}
\cs_new:Nn \__MYSTUFF_GLSCOMPOUND_set_scriptdirective_to_tokenlist:NnnN
{
% #1 = \l_MYSTUFF_GLSCOMPOUND_superscript_tl /
% \l_MYSTUFF_GLSCOMPOUND_subscript_tl
% #2 = content of \l_MYSTUFF_GLSCOMPOUND_superscript_tl /
% content of \l_MYSTUFF_GLSCOMPOUND_subscript_tl
% #3 = content of \l_MYSTUFF_GLSCOMPOUND_supparameter_tl /
% content of \l_MYSTUFF_GLSCOMPOUND_subparameter_tl
% #4 = _ (subscript) or ^ (subscript)
\tl_if_blank:nTF{#2}
{
\tl_set:Nn
#1
{
\tl_if_blank:oF
{
\exp:w
\tl_if_blank:nTF{#3}{\use:n}{\use_ii_i:nn{#3}}{\exp_end:}
}
{
#4
{
\exp:w
\tl_if_blank:nTF{#3}{\use:n}{\use_ii_i:nn{#3}}{\exp_end:}
}
}
}
}
{
\tl_set:Nn
#1
{
\tl_if_blank:oF
{
\exp:w
\tl_if_blank:nTF{#3}{\use:n}{\use_ii_i:nn{,#3}}{\exp_end:#2}
}
{
#4
{
\exp:w
\tl_if_blank:nTF{#3}{\use:n}{\use_ii_i:nn{,#3}}{\exp_end: #2}
}
}
}
}
}
\cs_generate_variant:Nn
\__MYSTUFF_GLSCOMPOUND_set_scriptdirective_to_tokenlist:NnnN
{ NVVN }
\ExplSyntaxOff
\documentclass[margin=5mm]{standalone}
\usepackage{array}
\usepackage[symbols]{glossaries}
\newglossaryentry{body}{
type=symbols,
name={body},
symbol={B},
description={A body.}
}
\newglossaryentry{phase}{
type=symbols,
name={phase},
symbol={\alpha},
description={A material phase.}
}
\newglossaryentry{index}{
type=symbols,
name={index},
symbol={i},
description={A body index.}
}
\NewGlsCompound{\Body}{
body = {\glssymbol{body}},
args = {O{arg1} O{arg2}},
superscript = {\glssymbol{phase}\IfBlankF{#1}{,#1}},
subscript = {\glssymbol{index}\IfBlankF{#2}{,#2}}
}
%\NewGlsCompound{\Stuff}{
%% body = {stuff},
% args = { },
% superscript = {up},
% subscript = {down}
%}
\begin{document}
\begin{minipage}{\textwidth}
% \(\Stuff^{2up}_{2down}\) \par\bigskip
\renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.5}
\begin{tabular}{l>{\(\rightarrow\)}c>{\(}l<{\)}}
\verb|\Body|&&\Body\\
\verb|\Body[foo]|&&\Body[foo]\\
\verb|\Body[foo][bar]|&&\Body[foo][bar]\\
\verb|\Body^{X}|&&\Body^{X}\\
\verb|\Body[foo]^{X}|&&\Body[foo]^{X}\\
\verb|\Body[foo][bar]^{X}|&&\Body[foo][bar]^{X}\\
\verb|\Body_{Y}|&&\Body_{Y}\\
\verb|\Body[foo]_{Y}|&&\Body[foo]_{Y}\\
\verb|\Body[foo][bar]_{Y}|&&\Body[foo][bar]_{Y}\\
\verb|\Body^{X}_{Y}|&&\Body^{X}_{Y}\\
\verb|\Body[foo]^{X}_{Y}|&&\Body[foo]^{X}_{Y}\\
\verb|\Body[foo][bar]^{X}_{Y}|&&\Body[foo][bar]^{X}_{Y}\\
\multicolumn{3}{l}{Behavior when specifying optional arguments blank:}\\
\verb|\Body[ ]|&&\Body[ ]\\
\verb|\Body[ ][ ]|&&\Body[ ][ ]\\
\verb|\Body[ ]^{X}|&&\Body[ ]^{X}\\
\verb|\Body[ ][ ]^{X}|&&\Body[ ][ ]^{X}\\
\verb|\Body[ ]_{Y}|&&\Body[ ]_{Y}\\
\verb|\Body[ ][ ]_{Y}|&&\Body[ ][ ]_{Y}\\
\verb|\Body[ ]^{X}_{Y}|&&\Body[ ]^{X}_{Y}\\
\verb|\Body[ ][ ]^{X}_{Y}|&&\Body[ ][ ]^{X}_{Y}\\
\multicolumn{3}{l}{Behavior when specifying embellishments blank:}\\
\verb|\Body^{ }|&&\Body^{ }\\
\verb|\Body[foo]^{ }|&&\Body[foo]^{ }\\
\verb|\Body[foo][bar]^{ }|&&\Body[foo][bar]^{ }\\
\verb|\Body_{ }|&&\Body_{ }\\
\verb|\Body[foo]_{ }|&&\Body[foo]_{ }\\
\verb|\Body[foo][bar]_{ }|&&\Body[foo][bar]_{ }\\
\verb|\Body^{ }_{ }|&&\Body^{ }_{ }\\
\verb|\Body[foo]^{ }_{ }|&&\Body[foo]^{ }_{ }\\
\verb|\Body[foo][bar]^{ }_{ }|&&\Body[foo][bar]^{ }_{ }\\
\multicolumn{3}{l}{Behavior when specifying optional args and
embellishments blank:}\\
\verb|\Body[ ]^{ }|&&\Body[ ]^{ }\\
\verb|\Body[ ][ ]^{ }|&&\Body[ ][ ]^{ }\\
\verb|\Body[ ]_{ }|&&\Body[ ]_{ }\\
\verb|\Body[ ][ ]_{ }|&&\Body[ ][ ]_{ }\\
\verb|\Body[ ]^{ }_{ }|&&\Body[ ]^{ }_{ }\\
\verb|\Body[ ][ ]^{ }_{ }|&&\Body[ ][ ]^{ }_{ }
\end{tabular}
\end{minipage}
\end{document}
注意事项：
请不要做诸如将
\Body^_{down}where作为修饰参数的值之类的事情。_^^除了用和表示的可选修饰参数外，_该宏\Body还有两个后续的[...]-delimited 可选参数。因此，除了明确指定第一个 -delimited 可选参数并提供其默认值外，没有办法只偏离这些[...]-delimited 可选参数中的第二个的默认值，而坚持[...]第一个[...]-delimited 可选参数的默认值。目前（2024 年 1 月 13 日，07:18:40 (UTC + 0000)）似乎没有适当的官方接口来计算 xparse-argument-signature 表示的参数。
因此，\MYSTUFF_xparse_arg_signature_count:n当未来的 LaTeX 版本内部发生变化时，可能会出现问题 - 例如，如果添加了更多具有非标准解析/计数的 xparse-argument-types，则需要调整解析参数签名的机制。由于
\MYSTUFF_xparse_arg_signature_count:n没有对参数是否为有效的 xparse-argument-signature 实施错误检查。也没有对args宏的第二个参数的键值\NewGlsCompound是否为有效的 xparse-argument-signature 实施错误检查。因此，如果该值不构成有效的 xparse-argument-signature，则\NewGlsCompound通过\NewDocumentCommand其第一个参数中表示的命令触发的尝试可能会产生有关未知参数类型等的错误消息。