\usepackage[table]{xcolor}
\usepackage{xcolor}
\usepackage{soul}
\begin{table*}
\rowcolors{1}{yellow!50}{yellow!30}
\setlength\tabcolsep{3pt}
\caption{Related Surveys Comparison}
\begin{tabularx}{\textwidth}{|*{7}{l|} X | X | l |}
\hline
\multirow{5}{*}[-1.5ex]{\rx{Paper}} &
\multirow{5}{3.5cm}[-1.5ex]{\centering Scope} &
\multicolumn{5}{c|}{Topics} &
\multirow{6}{4cm}[-1.5ex]{\centering Contribution} &
\multirow{5}{4cm}[-1.5ex]{\centering Drawbacks} &
\multirow{5}{*}[-1.5ex]{\rx{Year}} \\
\cline{3-7}
& &
\rx{Architect.\ Design} &
\rx{Mobility} &
\rx{Security} &
\rx{Privacy} &
\rx{~Detect.\ and Prev.~} & & & \\
\hline
\multirow{2}{*}{\hfil \rx{\cite{139}}} &
\multirow{2}{*}{\hfil VFC environment} &
\multirow{2}{*}{\hfil \ding{51}} & \multirow{2}{*}{\hfil \ding{51}} & \multirow{2}{*}{\hfil \ding{51}} & \multirow{2}{*}{\hfil \ding{55}} & \multirow{2}{*}{\hfil \ding{55}} &
\begin{myitemize}
\item VFC architecture
\item Security issues in VFC
\end{myitemize} &
\begin{myitemize}
\item Security solutions in VFC
\end{myitemize} &
\multirow{2}{*}{\hfil \rx{2019}} \\
\hline
\multirow{2}{*}{\hfil \rx{\cite{142}}} &
\multirow{2}{*}{\hfil VEC environment} &
\multirow{2}{*}{\hfil \ding{51}} & \multirow{2}{*}{\hfil \ding{55}} & \multirow{2}{*}{\hfil \ding{51}} & \multirow{2}{*}{\hfil \ding{51}} & \multirow{2}{*}{\hfil \ding{55}} &
\begin{myitemize}
\item V2V and V2I in VEC
\item Security and privacy in VEC
\end{myitemize} &
\begin{myitemize}
\item VFC and VEC comparison
\item VEC security requirements
\end{myitemize} &
\multirow{2}{*}{\hfil \rx{2019}} \\
\hline
\multirow{3}{*}{\hfil \rx{\cite{143}}} &
\multirow{3}{*}{\hfil Fog Computing in VANET} &
\multirow{3}{*}{\hfil \ding{51}} & \multirow{3}{*}{\hfil \ding{51}} & \multirow{3}{*}{\hfil \ding{51}} & \multirow{3}{*}{\hfil \ding{55}} & \multirow{3}{*}{\hfil \ding{55}} &
\begin{myitemize}
\item Connecting vehicles to VANET
\item Security and forensics requirements
\end{myitemize} &
\begin{myitemize}
\item Vehicles as Fog nodes
\item Possible scenarios in VFC
\item Detection and prevention in VFC
\end{myitemize} &
\multirow{3}{*}{\rx{2017}} \\
\hline
\multirow{3}{*}{\hfil \rx{\cite{146}}} &
\multirow{3}{*}{\hfil VFC application} &
\multirow{3}{*}{\hfil \ding{51}} & \multirow{3}{*}{\hfil \ding{51}} & \multirow{3}{*}{\hfil \ding{55}} & \multirow{3}{*}{\hfil \ding{55}} & \multirow{3}{*}{\hfil \ding{55}} &
\begin{myitemize}
\item VFC: Video crowdsourcing
as a study case
\end{myitemize} &
\begin{myitemize}
\item Security and privacy challenges
\item Countermeasures for mitigation in VFC
\end{myitemize} &
\multirow{2}{*}{\hfil \rx{2018}} \\
\hline
\multirow{2}{*}{\hfil \rx{\cite{149}}} &
\multirow{2}{*}{\hfil Fog Computing in VANET} &
\multirow{2}{*}{\hfil \ding{55}} & \multirow{2}{*}{\hfil \ding{55}} & \multirow{2}{*}{\hfil \ding{51}} & \multirow{2}{*}{\hfil \ding{51}} & \multirow{2}{*}{\hfil \ding{55}} &
\begin{myitemize}
\item Integration of Fog Computing in VANET
\end{myitemize} &
\begin{myitemize}
\item Deployment on vehicles as fog nodes
\item VFC applications
\end{myitemize} &
\multirow{2}{*}{\rx{2017}} \\
\hline
\multirow{2}{*}{\hfil \rx{\cite{145}}} &
\multirow{2}{*}{\hfil VFC challenges} &
\multirow{2}{*}{\hfil \ding{51}} & \multirow{2}{*}{\hfil \ding{51}} & \multirow{2}{*}{\hfil \ding{51}} & \multirow{2}{*}{\hfil \ding{51}} & \multirow{2}{*}{\hfil \ding{55}} &
\begin{myitemize}
\item VFC taxonomy vehicles deployment in VFC
\end{myitemize} &
\begin{myitemize}
\item VFC implementation requirements
\item Detection and prevention in VFC
\end{myitemize} &
\multirow{2}{*}{\rx{2020}} \\
\hline
\multirow{4}{*}{\hfil \rx{\cite{147}}} &
\multirow{4}{*}{\hfil \makecell[l]{Dissemination of Data \\ in VFC}} &
\multirow{4}{*}{\hfil \ding{51}} & \multirow{4}{*}{\hfil \ding{55}} & \multirow{4}{*}{\hfil \ding{51}} & \multirow{4}{*}{\hfil \ding{55}} & \multirow{4}{*}{\hfil \ding{55}} &
VCC vs VFC in:
\begin{myitemize}
\item Data Dissemination
\item Applications
\item Security threats
\end{myitemize} &
\begin{myitemize}
\item Privacy issues in VFC
\item Misbehaving detection and prevention solutions
\end{myitemize} &
\multirow{4}{*}{\hfil \rx{2021}} \\
\hline
%after reviewers' response
\multirow{11}{*}{\hfil \rx{\cite{191}}} &
\multirow{11}{*}{\hfil \makecell[l]{VFC: implementation and \\ open issues} }&
\multirow{11}{*}{\hfil \ding{51}} & \multirow{11}{*}{\hfil \ding{51}} & \multirow{11}{*}{\hfil \ding{51}} & \multirow{11}{*}{\hfil \ding{55}} & \multirow{11}{*}{\hfil \ding{55}} &
\begin{myitemize}
\item Identifies challenges related to VFC: \\ resource allocation, communication protocols, security, energy, and mobility.
\item Analyzes various task offloading techniques in VFC.
\item Evaluates strengths and limitations, \\ considering suitability for different scenarios.
\item Provides insights for improvement and innovation in VFC.
\end{myitemize} &
Security and Privacy Concerns:
\begin{myitemize}
\item Briefly addresses, lacks depth.
\item Ignores privacy-preserving techniques\\.
\end{myitemize}
Scalability of VFC:
\begin{myitemize}
\item Inadequate discussion on scalability.
\item Doesn't address challenges \\ with increasing data volume.
\end{myitemize}
&
\multirow{11}{*}{\hfil \rx{2022}} \\
\hline
\multirow{6}{*}{\hfil \rx{\cite{190}}} &
\multirow{6}{*}{\hfil \makecell[l]{Task offloading in VFC}} &
\multirow{6}{*}{\hfil \ding{51}} & \multirow{6}{*}{\hfil \ding{51}} & \multirow{6}{*}{\hfil \ding{51}} & \multirow{6}{*}{\hfil \ding{55}} & \multirow{6}{*}{\hfil \ding{55}} &
\begin{myitemize}
\item Addresses key challenges: resource allocation, security, energy, etc.
\item Introduces a structured framework for task offloading understanding.
\item valuates techniques, strengths, and limitations for varied scenarios.
\end{myitemize} &
\begin{myitemize}
\item Focused on task offloading; may miss broader insights from a wider scope.
\item May not include the latest advancements, potentially limiting relevance.
\end{myitemize} &
\multirow{6}{*}{\hfil \rx{2022}} \\
\hline
\multirow{5}{*}{\rx{Our survey}} &
\multirow{5}{*}{\hfil \makecell[l]{VFC: security and trust \\ issues}} &
\multirow{5}{*}{\hfil \ding{51}} & \multirow{5}{*}{\hfil \ding{51}} & \multirow{5}{*}{\hfil \ding{51}} & \multirow{5}{*}{\hfil \ding{51}} & \multirow{5}{*}{\hfil \ding{51}} &
\begin{myitemize}
\item VFC global architecture
\item VFC implementation
\item VFC scenarios
\item Security and privacy threats
\item Detection and prevention in VFC
\end{myitemize} & & \\
\hline
\end{tabularx}
\label{tab: RelatedSurveys}
\end{table*}
答案1
这个问题很难回答，因为您没有提供完整的 MWE。
我认为你的问题是你\multirow在第一行使用了不该用的东西。
但是，这是我的建议tabularray。它可以简化很多代码，即使这会减慢你的编译速度。
出现引用是[?]因为您没有提供它们。
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{geometry}
\usepackage{pifont}
\usepackage{xcolor}
\usepackage{soul}
\usepackage{tabularray}
\UseTblrLibrary{varwidth}
\usepackage{enumitem}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{caption}
% Invented, since you don't put them in your MWE:
\newcommand{\rx}[1]{\rotatebox[origin=c]{90}{#1}}
\newenvironment{myitemize}{\begin{itemize}[nosep, leftmargin=8pt]}{\end{itemize}}
\begin{document}
\begin{longtblr}[
caption={Related Surveys Comparison},
label={tab:RelatedSurveys}
]{
width={\textwidth},
colspec={*{7}{Q[m,j]}X[m,j]X[m,j]Q[m,j]},
hlines, vlines,
rowhead = 2, rowfoot=0,
row{odd} = {yellow!30},
row{even} = {yellow!50},
row{1} = {yellow!50},
measure=vbox,stretch=-1,
rowsep=4pt
}
\SetCell[r=2]{c} \rx{Paper} &
\SetCell[r=2]{c} Scope &
\SetCell[c=5]{c} Topics & &&&&
\SetCell[r=2]{c} Contribution &
\SetCell[r=2]{c} Drawbacks &
\SetCell[r=2]{c} \rx{Year} \\
& &
\rx{Architect.\ Design} &
\rx{Mobility} &
\rx{Security} &
\rx{Privacy} &
\rx{~Detect.\ and Prev.~} & & & \\
\rx{\cite{139}}&
VFC environment &
\ding{51} & \ding{51} & \ding{51} & \ding{55} & \ding{55} &
\begin{myitemize}
\item VFC architecture
\item Security issues in VFC
\end{myitemize} &
\begin{myitemize}
\item Security solutions in VFC
\end{myitemize} &
\rx{2019} \\
\rx{\cite{143}} &
Fog Computing in VANET &
\ding{51} & \ding{51} & \ding{51} & \ding{55} & \ding{55} &
\begin{myitemize}
\item Connecting vehicles to VANET
\item Security and forensics requirements
\end{myitemize} &
\begin{myitemize}
\item Vehicles as Fog nodes
\item Possible scenarios in VFC
\item Detection and prevention in VFC
\end{myitemize} &
\rx{2017} \\
\rx{\cite{146}} &
VFC application &
\ding{51} & \ding{51} & \ding{55} & \ding{55} & \ding{55} &
\begin{myitemize}
\item VFC: Video crowdsourcing
as a study case
\end{myitemize} &
\begin{myitemize}
\item Security and privacy challenges
\item Countermeasures for mitigation in VFC
\end{myitemize} &
\rx{2018} \\
\rx{\cite{149}} &
Fog Computing in VANET &
\ding{55} & \ding{55} & \ding{51} & \ding{51} & \ding{55}&
\begin{myitemize}
\item Integration of Fog Computing in VANET
\end{myitemize} &
\begin{myitemize}
\item Deployment on vehicles as fog nodes
\item VFC applications
\end{myitemize} &
\rx{2017} \\
\rx{\cite{145}} &
VFC challenges &
\ding{51} & \ding{51} & \ding{51} & \ding{51} & \ding{55} &
\begin{myitemize}
\item VFC taxonomy vehicles deployment in VFC
\end{myitemize} &
\begin{myitemize}
\item VFC implementation requirements
\item Detection and prevention in VFC
\end{myitemize} &
\rx{2020} \\
\rx{\cite{147}} &
{Dissemination of Data \\ in VFC} &
\ding{51} & \ding{55} & \ding{51} & \ding{55} & \ding{55} &
VCC vs VFC in:
\begin{myitemize}
\item Data Dissemination
\item Applications
\item Security threats
\end{myitemize} &
\begin{myitemize}
\item Privacy issues in VFC
\item Misbehaving detection and prevention solutions
\end{myitemize} &
\rx{2021} \\
%after reviewers' response
\rx{\cite{191}} &
{VFC: implementation and \\ open issues}&
\ding{51} & \ding{51} & \ding{51} & \ding{55} & \ding{55} &
\begin{myitemize}
\item Identifies challenges related to VFC: \\ resource allocation, communication protocols, security, energy, and mobility.
\item Analyzes various task offloading techniques in VFC.
\item Evaluates strengths and limitations, \\ considering suitability for different scenarios.
\item Provides insights for improvement and innovation in VFC.
\end{myitemize} &
Security and Privacy Concerns:
\begin{myitemize}
\item Briefly addresses, lacks depth.
\item Ignores privacy-preserving techniques\\.
\end{myitemize}
Scalability of VFC:
\begin{myitemize}
\item Inadequate discussion on scalability.
\item Doesn't address challenges \\ with increasing data volume.
\end{myitemize}
&
\rx{2022} \\
\rx{\cite{190}} &
Task offloading in VFC &
\ding{51} & \ding{51} & \ding{51} & \ding{55} & \ding{55} &
\begin{myitemize}
\item Addresses key challenges: resource allocation, security, energy, etc.
\item Introduces a structured framework for task offloading understanding.
\item valuates techniques, strengths, and limitations for varied scenarios.
\end{myitemize} &
\begin{myitemize}
\item Focused on task offloading; may miss broader insights from a wider scope.
\item May not include the latest advancements, potentially limiting relevance.
\end{myitemize} &
\rx{2022} \\
\rx{Our survey} &
{VFC: security and trust \\ issues} &
\ding{51} & \ding{51} & \ding{51} & \ding{51} & \ding{51} &
\begin{myitemize}
\item VFC global architecture
\item VFC implementation
\item VFC scenarios
\item Security and privacy threats
\item Detection and prevention in VFC
\end{myitemize} & & \\
\end{longtblr}
\end{document}
