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在 Tex 中创建弯曲的时间线

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在 Tex 中创建弯曲的时间线

我正在尝试创建一个包含 24 个时间点的时间线，这些时间点以弯曲箭头的形式排列，如下所示：

在此处输入图片描述

我有一个直箭头版本（来自@Gonzalo Medina），但它比页面宽度长，所以我想要一个像上面一样的弯曲时间线。我想寻求你的帮助。非常感谢。

\documentclass[a4]{article}
\usepackage[margin=0cm]{geometry}
\usepackage{ragged2e}
\usepackage{tikz} 
\usetikzlibrary{chains,shapes.arrows,fit,calc}

\definecolor{arrowcolor}{RGB}{50,130,230}
\definecolor{circlecolor}{RGB}{79,129,189}
\colorlet{textcolor}{white}
\colorlet{bordercolor}{white}

\pgfdeclarelayer{background}
\pgfsetlayers{background,main}

\newcounter{task}

\newlength\taskwidth
\newlength\taskvsep

\setlength\taskwidth{2.5cm}
\setlength\taskvsep{17pt}

\def\taskpos{}
\def\taskanchor{}

\newcommand\task[1]{%
  {\parbox[t]{\taskwidth}{\scriptsize\Centering#1}}}

\tikzset{
inner/.style={
  on chain,
  circle,
  inner sep=1pt,
  fill=circlecolor,
  line width=0.5pt,
  draw=bordercolor,
},
on grid
}

\newcommand\Time[2][]{%
\node[inner xsep=0pt] (c1) {\phantom{A}};
\stepcounter{task}
\ifodd\thetask\relax
  \renewcommand\taskpos{\taskvsep}\renewcommand\taskanchor{south}
\else
  \renewcommand\taskpos{-\taskvsep}\renewcommand\taskanchor{north}
\fi
\node[inner,font=\footnotesize\sffamily\color{textcolor}]    
  (c\the\numexpr\value{task}+1\relax) {#1};
\node[anchor=\taskanchor,yshift=\taskpos] 
  at (c\the\numexpr\value{task}+1\relax) {\task{#2}};
}

\newcommand\drawarrow{a
\ifnum\thetask=0\relax
  \node[on chain] (c1) {};
\fi
\node[on chain] (f) {};
\begin{pgfonlayer}{background}
\node[
  inner sep=10pt,
  single arrow,
  single arrow head extend=0.5cm,
  draw=none,
  fill=arrowcolor,
  fit= (c1) (f)
] (arrow) {};
\fill[white] 
  (arrow.before tail) -- (c1|-arrow.east) -- (arrow.after tail) -- cycle;
\end{pgfonlayer}
}

\newenvironment{timeline}[1][node distance=.5\taskwidth]
  {\par\noindent\begin{tikzpicture}[start chain,#1]}
  {\drawarrow\end{tikzpicture}\par}

\begin{document}

\begin{timeline}
\Time[1958]{Task 1}
\Time[1959]{Task 2}
\Time[1960]{Task 3}
\Time[1961]{Task 4}
\Time[1962]{Task 5}
\Time[1963]{Task 6}
\Time[1964]{Task 7}
\Time[1965]{Task 8}
\Time[1966]{Task 9}
\Time[1967]{Task 10}
\Time[1968]{Task 11}
\Time[1969]{Task 12}
\Time[1970]{Task 13}
\Time[1971]{Task 14}
\Time[1972]{Task 15}
\Time[1973]{Task 16}
\Time[1974]{Task 17}
\Time[1975]{Task 18}
\Time[1976]{Task 19}
\Time[1977]{Task 20}
\Time[1978]{Task 21}
\Time[1979]{Task 22}
\Time[1980]{Task 23}
\Time[1981]{Task 24}
\end{timeline}

\end{document}

參考文獻：我如何制定标准时间表？[社区添加]

答案1

开始...

  • 对于多行箭头，我建议使用arrows.meta库

     % p.221
 %\usetikzlibrary {arrows.meta}
 \tikz \draw [line width=1ex,
 {Triangle Cap[reversed]-{Latex[length=0pt +2]}}]
 (0,0) -- (1,0);

  • 对于标签 task1、task2...我使用\node alsowith label distancein\tikzset

编辑：为了获得更圆润的形状，我使用了circle（带有clip），并在bar arrow＃1中添加了 2 个参数以表示开始，在＃2中添加了 2 个参数以表示结束。

  • 我添加了\arrowvsep箭头之间的距离的长度

代码

\documentclass[a4paper]{article}
% https://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/715875/create-a-curved-timeline-in-tex
\usepackage[showframe,margin=1cm]{geometry}
\usepackage{tikz} 
\usetikzlibrary{arrows.meta}
\usetikzlibrary {positioning}
\usetikzlibrary {chains}
%  color
\definecolor{arrowcolor}{RGB}{50,130,230}
\definecolor{circlecolor}{RGB}{79,129,189}
\colorlet{textcolor}{white}
\colorlet{bordercolor}{white}
%  length
\newlength\taskwidth
\newlength\taskvsep
\newlength\arrowvsep%<-- added
\setlength\taskwidth{2.cm}
\setlength\taskvsep{1.5ex}
\setlength\arrowvsep{3.cm}
%
\begin{document}
%in th doc p.601
\begin{tikzpicture}[start chain,node distance=5mm]
    % The chain is called just "chain"
    \draw[help lines] (0,-1) grid (2,1);
    \node [on chain] {A};
    \node [on chain] {B};
    \node [on chain] {C};
\end{tikzpicture}

\vspace{1cm}
\begin{tikzpicture}[start chain,node distance=5mm]
    % The chain is called just "chain"
    \draw[help lines] (0,-1) grid (2,1);
    \node [on chain,circle,draw] {A};
    \node [on chain,circle,draw] {B};
    \node [on chain,circle,draw] {C};
\end{tikzpicture}

\vspace{1cm}
%\usetikzlibrary {positioning}
\begin{tikzpicture}[start chain,node distance=1cm,on grid]
    % The chain is called just "chain"
    \draw[help lines] (0,-1) grid (2,1);
    \node [on chain,circle,draw] {A};
    \node [on chain,circle,draw] {B};
    \node [on chain,circle,draw] {C};
\end{tikzpicture}

\vspace{1cm}
\begin{tikzpicture}[start chain=1 going right,
    start chain=2 going left,
    node distance=5mm,
    every node/.style=draw]
    \draw[help lines] (0,-2) grid (3,1);
    \node [on chain=1] {A};
    \node [on chain=1] {B};
    \node [on chain=1] (C){C};
    \node [on chain=2] at ([shift={(0.5cm,-1cm)}]C) {0};
    \node [on chain=2] {1};
    \node [on chain=2] {2};
    \end{tikzpicture}

\vspace{1cm}
        % p.221
        %\usetikzlibrary {arrows.meta}
        \tikz \draw [line width=1cm,
        {Triangle Cap[reversed]-{Latex[length=0pt +2]}}]
        (0,0) -- (5,0);


 \begin{tikzpicture}
    \draw [line width=1cm,
        {Triangle Cap[reversed]-}]
        (0,0) -- (5,0);
        \begin{scope}
            \clip (5,-3) rectangle (6.5,1.5);
            \draw[line width=1cm] (5,-1) circle[radius=1cm]; 
        \end{scope}
    \draw [line width=1cm,
        -{Latex[length=0pt +2]}]
        (5,-2) -- (0,-2);
 \end{tikzpicture}


\tikzset{
    node distance=1.5cm,
    on grid,
    bar height/.initial=1.2cm,
    bar arrow/.style args={#1/#2}%
        {%
            #1-#2,
            arrowcolor,
            line width=\pgfkeysvalueof{/tikz/bar height},
            %rounded corners=5mm
        },
    inner/.style=
        {
            %on chain,
            circle,
            inner sep=1pt,
            minimum width=1cm,
            fill=circlecolor,
            line width=0.5pt,
            draw=bordercolor,
            font=\footnotesize\sffamily\color{textcolor},
        },
    label distance=\taskvsep
}

\vspace{1cm}
\noindent\centering
\fbox{%<--- comment on the final document
    \begin{tikzpicture}
    [%
        trim left=-1.5cm,% begin of the arrow at -1.5
        start chain=1 going right,
        start chain=2 going left,
    ]
    \draw[help lines] (0,0) grid (15,-4);%<-- comment in the final doc
    % \draw[bar arrow] (-1.5,0) -- (15,0) -- ++(0,-\arrowvsep)--(-1.5,-\arrowvsep);
    \draw[bar arrow={Triangle Cap[reversed]/{}}] (-1.5,0) -- (14,0);
    \begin{scope}
        \clip (14,-3.7) rectangle (16.2,1.5);
        \draw[bar arrow={{}/{}}] (14,-0.5\arrowvsep) circle[radius=0.5\arrowvsep]; 
    \end{scope}
    \draw[bar arrow={{}/{{Latex[arrowcolor, length=0pt +2]}}}] (14,-\arrowvsep) -- (-0.5\arrowvsep,-\arrowvsep);
    
    \foreach \i/\d in{
        1/1958,
        2/1958,
        3/1960,
        4/1961,
        5/1962,
        6/1963,
        7/1964,
        8/1965,
        9/1966,
        10/1967}
        {
            \node[inner,on chain=1] (N_\i)  {\d};
            \node also [label=\ifodd\i above\else below\fi:task\i] (N_\i);
        }
    \node [on chain=2] at ([shift={(1cm,-\arrowvsep)}]N_10) {};
    \foreach \i in{11,...,19}
        {
            \node[inner,on chain=2] (N_\i) {Date\i};
            \node also [label=\ifodd\i below\else above\fi:task\i] (N_\i);
        }
    \end{tikzpicture}%
}
\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

答案2

我喜欢这种类型的图形，并且发现它适合我用于打印大量标签的解决方案，路径从尾部开始分部分绘制到头部，当连续number of sections达到特定值时，绘制相应的曲线并沿相反方向绘制部分，完成后，将部分数翻倍，绘制另一条曲线并重置计数器，从而使路径自动增长，最后停止头部，必须根据文本数据的输入来调节绘图，当文本是时，它不是绘制身体而是绘制头部，end在这种情况下，有2个选项，如果它是去还是回，如果它是返回，则必须放置reverse，以便它将头部绘制在相反的方向，通过制作这个，我学到了很多东西，从这里和那里获取东西，这就是我分享它的原因，也因为周末在家。

我之所以进行这种类型的代码组织，是因为数据可以按行排序，并且在生成标签的情况下，我可以使用数据表（例如 Excel）快速获取它们，例如，在最终的框中导出它们各自的 tikz 代码格式。

我让聊天机器人完成了一些包含特定主题的文本，我希望它们不会让人感到不舒服。

结果： 在此处输入图片描述

梅威瑟：

\documentclass[tikz,border=1cm]{standalone}
\usepackage{ifthen}
\usepackage{helvet}
\definecolor{arrowcolor}{RGB}{50,130,230}

\begin{document}
    \def\NTsize{\sf\bfseries\normalsize}
    \def\CTsize{\sf\bfseries\normalsize}
    
    \def\BODY#1#2#3#4#5#6#7#8#9{
        \begin{scope}[shift={(#1)},rotate=0,transform shape]
            \ifthenelse{\equal{#2}{end}}{%Draw The end Arrow Head
                \ifthenelse{\equal{#3}{reverse}}{
                    \filldraw[#6]%Reversed Arrow
                        (-1pt,#5*0.5+#7/2)
                            -- ++(#4*0.5+1pt,0)
                            -- ++ (0,3mm) 
                            -- (#4,#5*0.5)
                            -- (#4*0.5,#5*0.5-#7/2-3mm)
                            -- ++(0,3mm)
                            -- ++(-#4*0.5-1pt,0);
                    }{
                    \filldraw[#6]%Normal Arrow
                        (#4+1pt,#5*0.5+#7/2)
                            -- ++(-#4*0.5-1pt,0)
                            -- ++ (0,3mm)
                            -- (0,#5*0.5)
                            -- (#4*0.5,#5*0.5-#7/2-3mm)
                            -- ++(0,3mm)
                            -- ++(#4*0.5+1pt,0);
                }
            }{% Draw the normal body
                \filldraw[#6] (0,#5*0.5+#7/2) rectangle ++(#4,-#7);
                \draw[white](#4*0.5,#5*0.5) node[circle,draw,fill=#6!70!black, minimum size=#7-3mm,font=\NTsize](temp){#2};
                \draw(temp)+(#8:#9) node[text width=#4-3mm, align=center,font=\CTsize](t2){#3};
                \draw[#6!40!white, preaction={draw,#6, line width=2pt}](temp)--(t2);
            }               
        \end{scope} 
    }

    \def\TAIL#1#2#3#4#5{
        \begin{scope}[shift={(#1)}]
            \filldraw[#4] (#2+1pt,#3*0.5+#5/2)-- ++(-#2*0.5-1pt,0) -- (#2*0.75,#3*0.5) -- (#2*0.5,#3*0.5-#5/2) -- ++ (1pt+#2*0.5,0);
        \end{scope} 
    }
    
    \def\CURVE#1#2#3#4#5#6{
        \begin{scope}[shift={(#1)},#4,transform shape]
            \filldraw[#5](-1pt,#3*0.5-#6/2) -- ++(1pt,0) arc (90:-90:#3*0.5-#6/2) -- ++(-1pt,0)-- ++(0,-#6) -- ++(1pt,0) arc (-90:90:#3/2+#6/2)--++(-1pt,0);
        \end{scope} 
    }
    
    \def\SNAKETEXT#1(#2)[#3][#4][#5]#6#7{%\SNAKETEXT{Contents}(Position)[x_dim][y_dim][colour]{tasks_per_line}{arrow size}
        \begin{scope}[shift={(#2)}]
            \edef\Shiftx{0}
            \edef\Shifty{0}
            \pgfmathparse{int(#6*2)}
            \xdef\tpl{\pgfmathresult}
            \foreach \cod/\direc/\dist/\desc [count=\ctr from 0] in {#1}{
                \ifnum\ctr=0
                    \TAIL{\Shiftx*#3,-\Shifty*#4-#4}{#3}{#4}{#5}{#7}
                \fi
                \ifnum\ctr<#6
                    \pgfmathparse{int(\Shiftx+1)}
                    \xdef\Shiftx{\pgfmathresult}
                    \BODY{\Shiftx*#3,-\Shifty*#4-#4}{\cod}{\desc}{#3}{#4}{#5}{#7}{\direc}{\dist}
                \fi
                \ifnum\ctr=#6
                    \pgfmathparse{int(\Shiftx+1)}
                    \xdef\Shiftx{\pgfmathresult}
                    \CURVE{\Shiftx*#3,-\Shifty*#4-#4}{#3}{#4}{}{#5}{#7}
                    \pgfmathparse{int(\Shiftx-1)}
                    \xdef\Shiftx{\pgfmathresult}
                    \pgfmathparse{int(\Shifty+1)}
                    \xdef\Shifty{\pgfmathresult}
                    \BODY{\Shiftx*#3,-\Shifty*#4-#4}{\cod}{\desc}{#3}{#4}{#5}{#7}{\direc}{\dist}
                \fi
                \ifnum\ctr>#6
                    \ifnum\ctr<\tpl
                        \pgfmathparse{int(\Shiftx-1)}
                        \xdef\Shiftx{\pgfmathresult} 
                        \BODY{\Shiftx*#3,-\Shifty*#4-#4}{\cod}{\desc}{#3}{#4}{#5}{#7}{\direc}{\dist}
                    \fi
                \fi
                \ifnum\ctr=\tpl
                    \pgfmathparse{int(\Shiftx-1)}
                    \xdef\Shiftx{\pgfmathresult}
                    \CURVE{\Shiftx*#3+#3,-\Shifty*#4-#4}{#3}{#4}{xscale=-1}{#5}{#7}
                    \pgfmathparse{int(\Shifty+1)}
                    \xdef\Shifty{\pgfmathresult}
                    \pgfmathparse{int(\Shiftx+1)}
                    \xdef\Shiftx{\pgfmathresult}
                    \BODY{\Shiftx*#3,-\Shifty*#4-#4}{\cod}{\desc}{#3}{#4}{#5}{#7}{\direc}{\dist}
                    \xdef\ctr{0}
                \fi
            }
        \end{scope} 
    }
    
    \begin{tikzpicture}
        \SNAKETEXT{
            task1/90/20mm/Detail of task 1,
            task2/-90/20mm/Detail of task 2,
            task3/90/20mm/Detail of task 3,
            task4/-90/20mm/Detail of task 4,
            task5/90/23mm/Some manual text input for more details,
            task6/-90/23mm/Become a Professional Procrastinator,
            task7/90/20mm/Organize Your Clutter,
            task8/-90/20mm/Master the Art of Napping,
            task9/90/20mm/Attend a Productivity Seminar,
            task10/-90/23mm/Create a To-Do List for Doing Nothing,
            task11/-90/20mm/Practice Active Inactivity,
            task12/90/20mm/Become an Expert at Waiting,
            task13/-90/20mm/Write a Book on Doing Nothing,
            task14/90/20mm/Achieving Zen in Pajamas,
            task15/-90/20mm/Watch 10 Hours of Cat Videos,
            task16/90/23mm/Reorganized My Sock Drawer Instead of Studying,
            task17/-90/30mm/Dedicate hours each day to scrolling through social media feeds.,
            task18/90/25mm/Spend hours contemplating the meaning of life,
            task19/-90/20mm/Some task like doing nothing,
            end/end/end/end%
        }(0,0)[25mm][50mm][arrowcolor]{10}{20mm}
    
        %Changing the font sizes
        \def\NTsize{\sf\bfseries\scriptsize}
        \def\CTsize{\sf\bfseries\scriptsize}
        \SNAKETEXT{
            JAN-30/-90/15mm/Polar Bear Plunge Day,
            FEB-29/90/15mm/International Lost Sock Memorial Day,
            MAR-13/-90/15mm/Global Labyrinth Day,
            APR-30/90/15mm/National Awkward Silence Appreciation Day,
            MAY-15/-90/15mm/World Emoji Day,
            JUN-07/-90/15mm/National Talk Like a Pirate Day,
            JUL-15/90/15mm/Global Prohibition Day,
            AUG-12/-90/15mm/National Overthinking Awareness Weeky,
            SEP-06/90/15mm/World Couch Potato Championship,
            OCT-17/-90/15mm/National Socks-with-Sandals Day,
            NOV-28/-90/15mm/ Global Pajama Conference,
            DEC-25/90/15mm/World Simultaneous Eye Roll Day ,
            end/end/end/reverse%
        }(0,-13)[25mm][30mm][green!50!black]{5}{15mm}
    
        %Changing the font sizes
        \def\NTsize{\sf\bfseries\tiny}
        \def\CTsize{\sf\bfseries\tiny}
        \SNAKETEXT{
            A/90/5mm/cmt-stg1,
            B/90/5mm/cmt-stg2,
            C/90/5mm/cmt-stg3
            D/90/5mm/cmt-stg4,
            E/90/5mm/cmt-stg5,
            F/90/5mm/cmt-stg6,
            G/90/5mm/cmt-stg7,
            H/90/5mm/cmt-stg8,
            I/90/5mm/cmt-stg9,
            J/90/5mm/cmt-stg10,
            K/90/5mm/cmt-stg11,
            L/90/5mm/cmt-stg12,
            M/90/5mm/cmt-stg13,
            N/90/5mm/cmt-stg14,
            M/90/5mm/cmt-stg15,
            O/90/5mm/cmt-stg16,
            end/end/end/end%
        }(18,-11)[20mm][10mm][cyan!50!green]{2}{5mm}
    
        %Changing the font sizes
        \def\NTsize{\sf\bfseries\tiny}
        \def\CTsize{\sf\bfseries\tiny}
        \SNAKETEXT{
            A/90/5mm/cmt-stg1,
            B/90/5mm/cmt-stg2,
            C/90/5mm/cmt-stg3
            D/90/5mm/cmt-stg4,
            E/90/5mm/cmt-stg5,
            F/90/5mm/cmt-stg6,
            G/90/5mm/cmt-stg7,
            H/90/5mm/cmt-stg8,
            I/90/5mm/cmt-stg9,
            J/90/5mm/cmt-stg10,
            K/90/5mm/cmt-stg11,
            L/90/5mm/cmt-stg12,
            M/90/5mm/cmt-stg13,
            N/90/5mm/cmt-stg14,
            M/90/5mm/cmt-stg15,
            O/90/5mm/cmt-stg16,
            P/90/5mm/cmt-stg17,
            Q/90/5mm/cmt-stg18,
            end/end/end/reverse%
        }(24,-11)[20mm][10mm][red!50!blue]{2}{5mm}
    \end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

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