从以下位置安装 TeX Live 2007https://ftp.tu-chemnitz.de/pub/tug/historic/systems/texlive/2007/texlive2007-live-20070212.iso.bz2在 Debian 12 上，在本地用户的主目录中，我们收到一堆有关特定格式的错误消息。安装并正确设置环境变量后，运行fmtutil-sys --all会打印大量内容并结束
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fmtutil: Error! Not all formats have been built successfully.
Visit the log files in directory
/home/username/usr/local/texlive/2007/texmf-var/web2c
for details.
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This is a summary of all `failed' messages and warnings:
`pdftex -ini -jobname=latex -progname=latex -translate-file=cp227.tcx *latex.ini' possibly failed.
`pdftex -ini -jobname=pdflatex -progname=pdflatex -translate-file=cp227.tcx *pdflatex.ini' possibly failed.
`omega -ini -jobname=lambda -progname=lambda lambda.ini' possibly failed.
`aleph -ini -jobname=lamed -progname=lamed *lambda.ini' possibly failed.
`xetex -ini -jobname=xelatex -progname=xelatex -etex xelatex.ini' failed
`pdftex -ini -jobname=platex -progname=platex -translate-file=cp227.tcx *platex.ini' possibly failed.
`pdftex -ini -jobname=pdfplatex -progname=pdfplatex -translate-file=cp227.tcx *pdfplatex.ini' possibly failed.
`pdftex -ini -jobname=cslatex -progname=cslatex -etex -translate-file=cp227.tcx cslatex.ini' failed
`pdftex -ini -jobname=pdfcslatex -progname=pdfcslatex -etex -translate-file=cp227.tcx cslatex.ini' failed
`pdftex -ini -jobname=mllatex -progname=mllatex -translate-file=cp227.tcx -mltex mllatex.ini' failed
好吧，我想，让我们看看日志：
username@hostname:~/usr/local/texlive/2007/texmf-var/web2c$ $ grep -ir -B12 error
grep: metafont/mf.base: Übereinstimmungen in Binärdatei
grep: tex/tex.fmt: Übereinstimmungen in Binärdatei
grep: metapost/metafun.mem: Übereinstimmungen in Binärdatei
grep: metapost/mpost.mem: Übereinstimmungen in Binärdatei
--
pdftex/pdflatex.log-!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
pdftex/pdflatex.log-! You are attempting to make a LaTeX format from a source file
pdftex/pdflatex.log-! That is more than five years old.
pdftex/pdflatex.log-!
pdftex/pdflatex.log-! If you enter <return> to scroll past this message then the format
pdftex/pdflatex.log-! will be built, but please consider obtaining newer source files
pdftex/pdflatex.log-! before continuing to build LaTeX.
pdftex/pdflatex.log-!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
pdftex/pdflatex.log-
pdftex/pdflatex.log-! LaTeX source files more than 5 years old!.
pdftex/pdflatex.log-l.545 ...aTeX source files more than 5 years old!}
pdftex/pdflatex.log-
pdftex/pdflatex.log:To avoid this error message, obtain new LaTeX sources.
grep: pdftex/pdfcsplain.fmt: Übereinstimmungen in Binärdatei
grep: pdftex/texsis.fmt: Übereinstimmungen in Binärdatei
grep: pdftex/etex.fmt: Übereinstimmungen in Binärdatei
grep: pdftex/cont-en.fmt: Übereinstimmungen in Binärdatei
grep: pdftex/pdfetex.fmt: Übereinstimmungen in Binärdatei
grep: pdftex/platex.fmt: Übereinstimmungen in Binärdatei
grep: pdftex/mex.fmt: Übereinstimmungen in Binärdatei
grep: pdftex/pdfplatex.fmt: Übereinstimmungen in Binärdatei
grep: pdftex/latex.fmt: Übereinstimmungen in Binärdatei
grep: pdftex/pdfjadetex.fmt: Übereinstimmungen in Binärdatei
grep: pdftex/jadetex.fmt: Übereinstimmungen in Binärdatei
--
pdftex/platex.log-!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
pdftex/platex.log-! You are attempting to make a LaTeX format from a source file
pdftex/platex.log-! That is more than five years old.
pdftex/platex.log-!
pdftex/platex.log-! If you enter <return> to scroll past this message then the format
pdftex/platex.log-! will be built, but please consider obtaining newer source files
pdftex/platex.log-! before continuing to build LaTeX.
pdftex/platex.log-!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
pdftex/platex.log-
pdftex/platex.log-! LaTeX source files more than 5 years old!.
pdftex/platex.log-l.545 ...aTeX source files more than 5 years old!}
pdftex/platex.log-
pdftex/platex.log:To avoid this error message, obtain new LaTeX sources.
grep: pdftex/pdftex.fmt: Übereinstimmungen in Binärdatei
grep: pdftex/amstex.fmt: Übereinstimmungen in Binärdatei
grep: pdftex/pdflatex.fmt: Übereinstimmungen in Binärdatei
grep: pdftex/physe.fmt: Übereinstimmungen in Binärdatei
--
pdftex/latex.log-!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
pdftex/latex.log-! You are attempting to make a LaTeX format from a source file
pdftex/latex.log-! That is more than five years old.
pdftex/latex.log-!
pdftex/latex.log-! If you enter <return> to scroll past this message then the format
pdftex/latex.log-! will be built, but please consider obtaining newer source files
pdftex/latex.log-! before continuing to build LaTeX.
pdftex/latex.log-!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
pdftex/latex.log-
pdftex/latex.log-! LaTeX source files more than 5 years old!.
pdftex/latex.log-l.545 ...aTeX source files more than 5 years old!}
pdftex/latex.log-
pdftex/latex.log:To avoid this error message, obtain new LaTeX sources.
grep: pdftex/pdfxmltex.fmt: Übereinstimmungen in Binärdatei
grep: pdftex/phyzzx.fmt: Übereinstimmungen in Binärdatei
--
pdftex/texsis.log-\@saveVsize=\dimen33
pdftex/texsis.log-\s@veskip=\skip26
pdftex/texsis.log-\doublecolskip=\skip27
pdftex/texsis.log-\@leftpluscenter=\dimen34
pdftex/texsis.log-\partialpage=\box19
pdftex/texsis.log-\botins=\insert252
pdftex/texsis.log-\NWins=\insert251
pdftex/texsis.log-\SWins=\insert250
pdftex/texsis.log-\NEins=\insert249
pdftex/texsis.log-\SEins=\insert248
pdftex/texsis.log-\LFins=\insert247
pdftex/texsis.log-\RFins=\insert246
pdftex/texsis.log:\@balncErrormsg=\toks15
grep: pdftex/csplain.fmt: Übereinstimmungen in Binärdatei
grep: pdftex/xmltex.fmt: Übereinstimmungen in Binärdatei
grep: pdftex/pdfmex.fmt: Übereinstimmungen in Binärdatei
grep: pdftex/utf8mex.fmt: Übereinstimmungen in Binärdatei
grep: pdftex/mltex.fmt: Übereinstimmungen in Binärdatei
grep: pdftex/mptopdf.fmt: Übereinstimmungen in Binärdatei
--
pdftex/pdfplatex.log-!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
pdftex/pdfplatex.log-! You are attempting to make a LaTeX format from a source file
pdftex/pdfplatex.log-! That is more than five years old.
pdftex/pdfplatex.log-!
pdftex/pdfplatex.log-! If you enter <return> to scroll past this message then the format
pdftex/pdfplatex.log-! will be built, but please consider obtaining newer source files
pdftex/pdfplatex.log-! before continuing to build LaTeX.
pdftex/pdfplatex.log-!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
pdftex/pdfplatex.log-
pdftex/pdfplatex.log-! LaTeX source files more than 5 years old!.
pdftex/pdfplatex.log-l.545 ...aTeX source files more than 5 years old!}
pdftex/pdfplatex.log-
pdftex/pdfplatex.log:To avoid this error message, obtain new LaTeX sources.
grep: pdftex/eplain.fmt: Übereinstimmungen in Binärdatei
--
aleph/lamed.log-!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
aleph/lamed.log-! You are attempting to make a LaTeX format from a source file
aleph/lamed.log-! That is more than five years old.
aleph/lamed.log-!
aleph/lamed.log-! If you enter <return> to scroll past this message then the format
aleph/lamed.log-! will be built, but please consider obtaining newer source files
aleph/lamed.log-! before continuing to build LaTeX.
aleph/lamed.log-!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
aleph/lamed.log-
aleph/lamed.log-! LaTeX source files more than 5 years old!.
aleph/lamed.log-l.545 ...aTeX source files more than 5 years old!}
aleph/lamed.log-
aleph/lamed.log:To avoid this error message, obtain new LaTeX sources.
--
omega/lambda.log-!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
omega/lambda.log-! You are attempting to make a LaTeX format from a source file
omega/lambda.log-! That is more than five years old.
omega/lambda.log-!
omega/lambda.log-! If you enter <return> to scroll past this message then the format
omega/lambda.log-! will be built, but please consider obtaining newer source files
omega/lambda.log-! before continuing to build LaTeX.
omega/lambda.log-!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
omega/lambda.log-
omega/lambda.log-! LaTeX source files more than 5 years old!.
omega/lambda.log-l.545 ...aTeX source files more than 5 years old!}
omega/lambda.log-
omega/lambda.log:To avoid this error message, obtain new LaTeX sources.
日志的这些部分没有什么意义。
(1) 原始警告/错误是真的吗？（xelatex无法运行我的输入源，但这应该没什么大不了的，因为我的输入可能与旧的 xelatex 不符。）如果它们是真的，如何修复？升级到 TeX Live 2008 不是这个问题的选项，但降级（或设置一些标志或终端编码）可能是（如果它有帮助的话）。
latex（2）如果我们只运行pdflatex以 latin1 和 UTF8 编码的文件，有什么需要担心的吗？
答案1
很长一段时间内（但不是当前版本），如果源文件超过一定年龄，则 latex 格式会在构建文件时出错，.fmt这是为了鼓励人们进行更新，而不仅仅是坚持使用 latex2e 的某些早期预版本。
因此，除非您伪造系统时钟，或修改 texlive2007 源以省略此检查，否则制作任何 latex 格式（如 latex、pdflatex、lualatex 等）都会出现所示的错误。当安装程序滚动到错误时，实际格式仍会构建，但 initex 运行将具有非零退出代码，因此最后摘要将发出警告possibly failed.
因此假设您确实需要构建 TeXLive 2007（并且从您的其他问题来看，这一点还远未明确），这些警告是预料之中的：它们只是警告您正在使用旧来源。