☰

替换 tree-dvips，在表格环境中连接节点

tag-icon • tag-icon tikz-pgf tikzmark
替换 tree-dvips，在表格环境中连接节点

我想摆脱 tree-dvips，因为它与 xelatex 和 ps-tricks 不兼容，因为它无法与 xelatex 高效编译。我有以下数字：

在此处输入图片描述

在此处输入图片描述

它们是使用 排版的，tabular用于节点的排列。然后我使用tree-dvips（以及后来的ps-tricks）将手柄（h0、h7、...）连接到手柄主导的术语。线条从手柄下方开始，在主导节点的北边结束，位于主导节点的中间。

现在我有一个使用的解决方案tikzmark，但缺点似乎是必须手动移动标记元素的位置，也就是说，线条不会从北/中间结束，也不会从南/中间开始。

\documentclass{article}


\usepackage{tikz}

\usetikzlibrary{tikzmark} % saves positions in tikz pictures, allows to connect arbitrary text
\usetikzlibrary{calc}

\begin{document}

  \begin{figure}
  \centering

  \begin{tabular}{@{}ccc@{}}
                           & \tikzmark{h0}{h0}                & \\[4ex]
  \tikzmark{h8}{h8:wieder(\tikzmark{h8h9}{h9})}\\[4ex]
  \tikzmark{h1}{h1:every(x, \tikzmark{h1h2}{h2}, \tikzmark{h1h3}{h3})}      &                              & \tikzmark{h6}{h6:CAUSE(max, \tikzmark{h6h7}{h7})}\\[8ex]
  \tikzmark{h4}{h4:window(x)}           &          & \\[6ex]
                           & \tikzmark{h5}{h5:open(x)}\\
  \end{tabular}
\begin{tikzpicture}[overlay,remember picture]
\draw[dashed] ($(pic cs:h0)+(3ex,2.5ex)$) to($(pic cs:h8)+(1ex,2ex)$);
\draw[dashed] ($(pic cs:h0)+(3ex,2.5ex)$) to($(pic cs:h6)+(1ex,2ex)$);
\draw[dashed] ($(pic cs:h8h9)+(3ex,2.5ex)$) to($(pic cs:h1)+(1ex,2ex)$);
\draw[dashed] ($(pic cs:h6h7)+(3ex,2.5ex)$) to($(pic cs:h5)+(1ex,2ex)$);
\draw[dashed] ($(pic cs:h1h2)+(3ex,2.5ex)$) to($(pic cs:h4)+(1ex,2ex)$);
\draw[dashed] ($(pic cs:h1h3)+(3ex,2.5ex)$) to($(pic cs:h5)+(1ex,2ex)$);
\end{tikzpicture}

\end{figure}

\end{document}

（在我的 MWE 中，转换没有正确完成，因为我认为这在实际解决方案中是不必要的。）我尝试将表格环境放入 tikzpicture 中或\subnode在表格环境中使用，但这些尝试都没有成功。

编辑：我尝试了下面的解决方案，但得到：

! Package pgfkeys Error: I do not know the key '/tcb/empty' and I am going to i
gnore it. Perhaps you misspelled it.

See the pgfkeys package documentation for explanation.
Type  H <return>  for immediate help.
...                                              

 l.15   & \mybox[h0]{h0}
                                          & \\[4ex]
 ?

tcb 中是否有任何内容需要 texlive 2014 而不是 2013？

答案1

您可以使用tcolorbox在您想要连接的部分周围构建隐形的框来提供锚点（如south、north等），以避免手动计算。

\documentclass{article}


\usepackage{tcolorbox}
\tcbuselibrary{skins}
\newtcbox{\mybox}[1][]{empty,shrink tight,nobeforeafter,on line,before upper=\vphantom{gM},remember as=#1}

\begin{document}

  \begin{figure}
  \centering

  \begin{tabular}{@{}ccc@{}}
  & \mybox[h0]{h0}                       & \\[4ex]
    \mybox[h8]{h8:wieder}\mybox[h9]{(h9)}  \\[4ex]
    \mybox[h1]{h1:every(x, \mybox[h2]{h2}, \mybox[h3]{h3})}      &                              & \mybox[h6]{h6:CAUSE(max, \mybox[h7]{h7})}\\[8ex]
  \mybox[h4]{h4:window(x)}           &          & \\[6ex]
                           & \mybox[h5]{h5:open(x)}\\
  \end{tabular}


\begin{tikzpicture}[overlay,remember picture,draw=gray,dashed,shorten <=2pt,shorten >=2pt] 
\draw(h0.south)--(h8.north); 
\draw(h0.south)--(h6.north);
\draw(h9.south)--(h1.north);
\draw(h2.south)--(h4.north);
\draw(h3.south)--(h5.north);
\draw(h7.south)--(h5.north);
\end{tikzpicture}

\end{figure} 

\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

只是为了完整性，另一张类似于第二张图片的图片：

\draw(h3.south) .. controls +(0,-1) and +(-1,1)..  (h6.north);

在此处输入图片描述

编辑：总结评论中的讨论，以下代码不使用键empty（TeX Live 2013 中不可用）并使用bottom和top在框上方和下方添加更多空间。

\documentclass{article}


\usepackage{tcolorbox} 
\tcbuselibrary{skins} 
\newtcbox{\mybox}[1][]{enhanced,boxrule=0pt,colframe=white,colback=white,shrink tight,nobeforeafter,on line,before upper=\vphantom{gM},remember as=#1,top=3pt,bottom=3pt}     

\begin{document}

  \begin{figure}
  \centering

  \begin{tabular}{@{}ccc@{}}
  & \mybox[h0]{h0}                       & \\[4ex]
    \mybox[h8]{h8:wieder}\mybox[h9]{(h9)}  \\[4ex]
    \mybox[h1]{h1:every(x, \mybox[h2]{h2}, \mybox[h3]{h3})}      &                              & \mybox[h6]{h6:CAUSE(max, \mybox[h7]{h7})}\\[8ex]
  \mybox[h4]{h4:window(x)}           &          & \\[6ex]
                           & \mybox[h5]{h5:open(x)}\\
  \end{tabular}


\begin{tikzpicture}[overlay,remember picture,draw=gray,dashed,shorten <=2pt,shorten >=2pt] 
\draw(h0.south)--(h8.north); 
\draw(h0.south)--(h6.north);
\draw(h9.south)--(h1.north);   
\draw(h2.south)--(h4.north);
\draw(h3.south)--(h5.north);
\draw(h7.south)--(h5.north);
\end{tikzpicture}

\end{figure} 

\end{document}

答案2

除了使用包之外tikzmark，您还可以定义自己的\tikzmark常规包node。无需使用tcolorbox包。

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}

\newcommand{\tikzmark}[2]%
    {\tikz[baseline=(#1.base), remember picture]\node[outer sep=0pt, inner sep=0pt] (#1) {#2};}

\begin{document}

  \begin{figure}
  \centering

  \begin{tabular}{@{}ccc@{}}
                           & \tikzmark{h0}{h0}                & \\[4ex]
  \tikzmark{h8}{h8:wieder}\tikzmark{h8h9}{(h9)}\\[4ex]
  \tikzmark{h1}{h1:every}(x, \tikzmark{h1h2}{h2}, \tikzmark{h1h3}{h3})      &                              & \tikzmark{h6}{h6:CAUSE}(max, \tikzmark{h6h7}{h7})\\[8ex]
  \tikzmark{h4}{h4:window(x)}           &          & \\[6ex]
                           & \tikzmark{h5}{h5:open(x)}\\
  \end{tabular}
\begin{tikzpicture}[overlay,remember picture,draw=gray,dashed,shorten <=2pt,shorten >=2pt] 
\draw(h0.south)--(h8.north); 
\draw(h0.south)--(h6.north);
\draw(h8h9.south)--(h1.north);
\draw(h1h2.south)--(h4.north);
\draw(h1h3.south)--(h5.north);
\draw(h6h7.south)--(h5.north);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{figure}

\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

相关内容