仅填充一列单元格，而不是表格的所有单元格

Question

我希望只有一列单元格具有顶部填充。我试过：

\def\arraystretch{factor}%

但结果并不理想。因为我不希望所有列都有顶部填充。

有没有办法为仅一列的单元格指定顶部填充？

编辑

我有一张有 10 行 4 列的长表，第 4 列有图像。这是我的代码（总结为 3 列）：

\begin{longtable}{|p{2cm}|p{3cm}|p{8cm}|p{2cm}|}
\caption{my caption}
\label{table:10.1}
\\
\hline

\centering titile 1     &  \centering title 2 & \centering title 3 &  {\centering  title 4}  \\
\hline \hline
first r first c &  first r second c &  first r third c & 
      \begin{minipage}{.12\textwidth}
      \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{table10-1-1.png}
    \end{minipage}
 \\
\hline
second r first c & second r second c  &  second r third c & 
\begin{minipage}{.12\textwidth}
      \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{table10-1-2.png}
    \end{minipage}
     \\
\hline
third r first c &  third r second d &  third r third c & 
\begin{minipage}{.12\textwidth}
      \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{table10-1-3.png}
    \end{minipage} 

    \\
\hline
\end{longtable}

结果是这样的：

我尝试使用 {\renewcommand{\arraystretch}{4}% 来获得填充，但结果并不好：

如果只有第四列的单元格有填充，那就没问题了。

无论如何，我在这张表中遇到了另一个问题：

1- 单元格中的文本是对齐的，有时单词之间的间距太大。

我将感谢任何帮助。

Answer 1

由于您使用minipage图像，因此您可以在其中添加一些填充：

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[margin=1cm]{geometry}% just for not having overfull lines
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{longtable,array}

\begin{document}
\begin{longtable}{|p{2cm}|p{3cm}|p{8cm}|p{2cm}|}
\caption{my caption}
\label{table:10.1}
\\
\hline

\centering title 1 &
  \centering title 2 &
  \centering title 3 &
  \centering\arraybackslash title 4 \\
\hline \hline
first r first c &  first r second c &  first r third c & 
  \begin{minipage}{\linewidth}
  \vspace{12pt}
  \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{example-grid-100x100pt}\par
  \vspace{12pt}
  \end{minipage}
 \\
\hline
second r first c & second r second c  &  second r third c & 
  \begin{minipage}{\linewidth}
  \vspace{12pt}
  \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{example-grid-100x100pt}\par
  \vspace{12pt}
  \end{minipage}
\\
\hline
third r first c &  third r second d &  third r third c & 
  \begin{minipage}{\linewidth}
  \vspace{12pt}
  \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{example-grid-100x100pt}\par
  \vspace{3pt}
  \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{example-grid-100x100pt}\par
  \vspace{12pt}
  \end{minipage}
\\
\hline
\end{longtable}
\end{document}

请注意，我指出的宽度minipage与它所在的列一样宽p，图片的宽度也是一样。

考虑到方案是固定的，输入可能会被简化。

只需进行一些小改动，您就可以将前三列中的文本从顶部开始。在这里，我\vspace{0pt}在小页面的顶部使用了

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[margin=1cm]{geometry}% just for not having overfull lines
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{longtable,array}

\begin{document}
\begin{longtable}{|p{2cm}|p{3cm}|p{8cm}|p{2cm}|}
\caption{my caption}
\label{table:10.1}
\\
\hline

\centering title 1 &
  \centering title 2 &
  \centering title 3 &
  \centering\arraybackslash title 4 \\
\hline \hline
first r first c &  first r second c &  first r third c & 
  \begin{minipage}[t]{\linewidth}
  \vspace{0pt}
  \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{example-grid-100x100pt}\par
  \vspace{12pt}
  \end{minipage}
 \\
\hline
second r first c & second r second c  &  second r third c & 
  \begin{minipage}[t]{\linewidth}
  \vspace{0pt}
  \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{example-grid-100x100pt}\par
  \vspace{12pt}
  \end{minipage}
\\
\hline
third r first c &  third r second d &  third r third c & 
  \begin{minipage}[t]{\linewidth}
  \vspace{0pt}
  \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{example-grid-100x100pt}\par
  \vspace{3pt}
  \includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{example-grid-100x100pt}\par
  \vspace{12pt}
  \end{minipage}
\\
\hline
\end{longtable}
\end{document}