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图片和表格居中对齐

tag-icon • tag-icon tikz-pgf tables vertical-alignment
图片和表格居中对齐

现在看起来很乱。我该如何实现以下目标：

图片标题位于图片下方中央，表格标题位于表格下方中央。两个标题的垂直高度相同。表格垂直居中，与图片高度一致。

\documentclass[12pt,oneside,ngerman,reqno,a4paper]{article}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage{amsmath,amsthm}     % ams stuff should be before font loading
\usepackage{lmodern}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}        % should be after font loading
\usepackage{fixltx2e,babel}
\usepackage[numbers]{natbib}    % bibtex package
%\usepackage{typearea}           % custom type area
%   \areaset[0mm]{135mm}{210mm}  % typearea configuration
%   \topmargin5mm                % typearea configuration
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{url}

\usepackage{booktabs}
\usepackage{tabularx}
\usepackage{caption}
\usepackage{subcaption}
\usepackage{subfig}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\begin{document}


      \begin{minipage}{\textwidth}
      \begin{minipage}[b]{0.40\textwidth}
        \centering
       \begin{tikzpicture}
        \begin{axis}[
            xlabel=Züge$\text{[}\#\text{]}$,
            ylabel=Zeit$\text{[}s\text{]}$,
            axis y line=center,
            grid=both,
            axis x line=center,
            ymax=2000,
            symbolic x coords = {10, 20, 50, 100, 200,500,1000,2000}]

        \addplot[color=red,mark=*,style=dashed] coordinates {
            (10,25)
            (20,12)
            (50,33)
            (100,1800)
            (200,1800)
            (500,1800)
            (1000,509)
            (2000,1514)
        };
        \end{axis}
    \end{tikzpicture}
        \captionof{figure}{A table beside a figure}
      \end{minipage}
      \hfill
      \begin{minipage}[b]{0.40\textwidth}
        \centering
    \begin{tabularx}{\textwidth}{c|c|c} 
       Züge[\#] & Zeit[s] & Lücke[\%]\\ \hline \hline 
       10 & 25 & 0.00 \\ 
       20 & 12 & 0.00 \\
       50  & 333 & 0.00 \\
       100 & 1800 & 1.92 \\ 
       200 & 1800 & 1.08 \\
       500 & 1800 & 21.37 \\
       1000 & 509 & 0.00\\ 
       2000 & 1514 & 0.00 \\ \hline 
    \end{tabularx}
          \captionof{table}{A table beside a figure}
        \end{minipage}
      \end{minipage}
      \end{document}

答案1

使用包的解决方案floatrow。我使用几何包调整了边距，但您也可以调整表格或图形。此外，我加载了siunitx适当的数字对齐方式，makecell使行与行之间有更好的垂直间距，并在表格底部使用更粗的水平线（booktabs不适用于垂直线）：

\documentclass[12pt,oneside,ngerman,reqno,a4paper]{article}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage{amsmath,amsthm} % ams stuff should be before font loading
\usepackage{lmodern}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc} % should be after font loading
\usepackage{fixltx2e,babel}

\usepackage{caption}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\usepackage{floatrow}
\usepackage{hhline, array, makecell}
\setcellgapes{4pt}
\makegapedcells
\usepackage[showframe, margin = 25mm]{geometry}
\usepackage{siunitx}
\newcolumntype{I}{S[table-format=4.0]}

\begin{document}

\begin{figure}\CenterFloatBoxes
  \begin{floatrow}
    \ffigbox[\FBwidth]
    { \caption{A figure beside a table}\label{figuretab}}
    { \begin{tikzpicture}
      \begin{axis}[
          xlabel=Züge$\text{[}\#\text{]}$,
          ylabel=Zeit$\text{[}s\text{]}$,
          axis y line=center,
          grid=both,
          axis x line=center,
          ymax=2000,
        symbolic x coords = {10, 20, 50, 100, 200,500,1000,2000}]

        \addplot[color=red,mark=*,style=dashed] coordinates {
          (10,25)
          (20,12)
          (50,33)
          (100,1800)
          (200,1800)
          (500,1800)
          (1000,509)
          (2000,1514)
        };
      \end{axis}
      \end{tikzpicture}}%
    \ffigbox[1.08\FBwidth][1.25\FBheight]{\captionof{table}{A table beside a figure}\label{tablefig}}
    {\begin{tabular}{@{}I|I|S[table-format = 2.2]@{}}
      {Züge\,[\#]} & {Zeit\,[s]} &{ Lücke\,[\%]} \\
      \hhline{ >{\arrayrulewidth = 2pt}:=:=:=:}
      10 & 25 & 0.00 \\
      20 & 12 & 0.00 \\
      50 & 333 & 0.00 \\
      100 & 1800 & 1.92 \\
      200 & 1800 & 1.08 \\
      500 & 1800 & 21.37 \\
      1000 & 509 & 0.00\\
      2000 & 1514 & 0.00 \\
      \Xhline{0.8pt}
      \end{tabular}}%
  \end{floatrow}
\end{figure}

\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

答案2

这可能是您想要的吗？您需要一个\noindent，并且图形需要稍微缩小以适合页边距。此外，我使用堆栈来对齐标题并拨入表格的垂直偏移以实现居中外观。

\documentclass[12pt,oneside,ngerman,reqno,a4paper]{article}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage{amsmath,amsthm}     % ams stuff should be before font loading
\usepackage{lmodern}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}        % should be after font loading
\usepackage{fixltx2e,babel}
\usepackage[numbers]{natbib}    % bibtex package
%\usepackage{typearea}           % custom type area
%   \areaset[0mm]{135mm}{210mm}  % typearea configuration
%   \topmargin5mm                % typearea configuration
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{url}

\usepackage{booktabs}
\usepackage{tabularx}
\usepackage{caption}
\usepackage{subcaption}
\usepackage{subfig}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\usepackage{stackengine,lipsum}
\newsavebox\tmpbox
\begin{document}
\lipsum[1]\par\bigskip
      \noindent\begin{minipage}{\textwidth}
      \begin{minipage}[b]{.4\textwidth}
        \centering
       \sbox{\tmpbox}{\begin{tikzpicture}
        \begin{axis}[
            xlabel=Züge$\text{[}\#\text{]}$,
            ylabel=Zeit$\text{[}s\text{]}$,
            axis y line=center,
            grid=both,
            axis x line=center,
            ymax=2000,
            symbolic x coords = {10, 20, 50, 100, 200,500,1000,2000}]

        \addplot[color=red,mark=*,style=dashed] coordinates {
            (10,25)
            (20,12)
            (50,33)
            (100,1800)
            (200,1800)
            (500,1800)
            (1000,509)
            (2000,1514)
        };
        \end{axis}
      \end{tikzpicture}}
      \setbox0=\vbox{\captionof{figure}{A table beside a figure}}
      \stackon{\box0}{\scalebox{.8}{\usebox{\tmpbox}}}
      \end{minipage}  
      \hfill
      \begin{minipage}[b]{0.40\textwidth}
        \centering
      \sbox{\tmpbox}{\begin{tabularx}{\textwidth}{c|c|c} 
       Züge[\#] & Zeit[s] & Lücke[\%]\\ \hline \hline 
       10 & 25 & 0.00 \\ 
       20 & 12 & 0.00 \\
       50  & 333 & 0.00 \\
       100 & 1800 & 1.92 \\ 
       200 & 1800 & 1.08 \\
       500 & 1800 & 21.37 \\
       1000 & 509 & 0.00\\ 
       2000 & 1514 & 0.00 \\ \hline 
      \end{tabularx}}
      \setbox0=\vbox{\captionof{table}{A table beside a figure}}
      \stackon[17pt]{\box0}{\usebox{\tmpbox}}
        \end{minipage}
      \end{minipage}\par
\medskip
\lipsum[2]
      \end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

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