使用 Tikz，如何将大小不同的范围置于节点下方或旁边？

Question

我猜您正在寻找类似以下流程图的东西：

其生成方式为：

\documentclass{article}

\usepackage{tikz}               % for generating figures with latex
\usetikzlibrary{arrows.meta,    % the latest arrow tip library
                calc,           % for calculations with coordinates
                chains,
                fit,            % for fitting around nodes
                positioning,    % for positioning nodes in the right place
                shapes,         % shapes
                }
\makeatletter
\tikzset{suppress join/.code={\def\tikz@after@path{}}}% for suppress macro join
\makeatother

\begin{document}
    \begin{tikzpicture}[auto,
     node distance = 6mm and 3mm,
       start chain = going below,
       base/.style = {draw, thick, outer sep=0pt,
                      font=\sffamily, align=center,
                      on chain, join=by line},
   terminal/.style = {base, draw=none, rounded rectangle,
                      inner sep=1em, fill=black!60,
                      font=\sffamily\bfseries, text=white},
    process/.style = {base, fill=black!10},
transitions/.style = {base, draw=none},
      group/.style = {draw=red, thick, yshift=1mm,
                      inner xsep=0, inner ysep=2mm, outer sep=0,
                      node contents={}},
       line/.style = {-Triangle, semithick}
                        ]
    \node [terminal]            (Node1-0) {Node1-0};
    \node [process]             (Node2-0) {Node2-0};
    \node [transitions]         (Node3-0) {Node3-0};
% left branch
\node [transitions, suppress join,
       below left=of Node3-0]   (Node1-1) {Node1-1};
\node [process]                 (Node2-1) {Node2-1};
\node [transitions]             (Node3-1) {Node3-1};
\node [group,
       fit=(Node1-1) (Node3-1)];
% middle branch
\node [transitions, suppress join,
       below=of Node3-0]        (Node1-2) {Node1-2};
\node [process]                 (Node2-2) {Prevent \\ overlapping \\ of this};
\node [group,
       fit=(Node1-2) (Node2-2)];
% right branch
\node [transitions, suppress join,
       below right=of Node3-0]  (Node1-3) {Node1-3};
\node [process]                 (Node2-3) {Node2-3};
\node [process]                 (Node3-3) {Node3-3};
\node [process]                 (Node4-3) {Node4-3};
\node [transitions]             (Node5-3) {Node5-3};
\node [group,
       fit=(Node1-3) (Node5-3)];
%% middle branch below
\node [process, suppress join,
       below=of Node2-2 |- Node5-3.south]
                                (Node5-0) {Node5-0};
\node [transitions]             (Node6-0) {Node6-0};
\node [terminal]                (Node7-0) {Node7-0};
% Connecting branches
\draw [line] (Node3-0) -- (Node1-2);
\draw [line] (Node2-2) -- (Node5-0);
    \coordinate (aux1) at ($(Node3-0)!0.4!(Node1-2)$);
    \coordinate (aux2) at ($(Node1-1 |- Node5-3)!0.5!(Node5-0)$);
\draw [line] (aux1) -| (Node1-1);
\draw [line] (aux1) -| (Node1-3);
\draw [line,-]  (Node3-1) |- (aux2)
                (Node5-3) |- (aux2);
    \end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

编辑： 我必须承认，我没有弄清楚你为什么scopes在代码中使用。据我所知，scopes它们并不是为你想要获得的目的而设计的。有了它，你可以规定常见的特征（例如线宽、填充颜色、使用 pgf 层等），你也可以使用选项移动里面的所有节点，scope但shift你不能说scope从某个位置在左下方。这只能用节点来完成。你的方法最接近的做法是使用 odshift选项，你应该猜测移动距离的数量，例如：

    % Branch 1
    \begin{scope}[shift={(-6em,-8em)}]
        \coordinate(Node0-1);
    ...

    % Branch 2
    \begin{scope}[shift={(0em,-8em)}]
        \coordinate(Node0-2);
    ...

   % Branch 3
    \begin{scope}[shift={(6em,-8em)}]
        \coordinate(Node0-3);

等等，然而更简单（我的意见是不要使用scope，正如我的建议中所示如何绘制流程图。

为了简化流程图代码，我添加了tikz库chains并利用其宏join在链中的节点之间绘制箭头。使用的链在三个地方被中断。在那里，文档序言中join定义的样式抑制了。suppress join

Answer 1