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如何为表格的某个单元格彻底着色？

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如何为表格的某个单元格彻底着色？

我想为表格的顶行着色。但是，当我使用 \rowcolor 命令时，第二列和第三列会出现空白（单元格未完全填充颜色）。我该如何解决这个问题？我在多个表格上都遇到了这个问题。是因为某些包之间发生冲突还是其他原因？

\documentclass[11pt,a4paper,twoside,openrights,hidelinks]{book}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage{lmodern}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[english]{babel}
\usepackage{multirow}
\usepackage{amsmath,amssymb}
\usepackage{setspace}
\usepackage{makecell}
\usepackage{tabu}
\usepackage{threeparttablex}
\usepackage{hhline}
\usepackage[RGYK]{xcolor}
\usepackage{colortbl}
\begin{document}
\begin{table}[t!]
    \renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.3} 
    \centering
    \scriptsize
    \caption{Feeder energy losses for 10 days before and after phase switching of the loads for both phase switching algorithms.}
    \begin{threeparttable}
        \centering
        \begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|}
            \hline
            \rowcolor{gray!50}      \textbf{Feeder} & \multicolumn{3}{c|}{\thead{\thead{\textbf{Losses for} \textbf{Passive Network} \\ \textbf{(Scenario S1)}} \\ $[\textbf{kWh}]$}}& \multicolumn{3}{c|}{\thead{\thead{\textbf{Losses for} \textbf{Active Network} \\ \textbf{(Scenario S2)}} \\ $[\textbf{kWh}]$}}\\
            \hline
            & \textbf{BC} & \textbf{PSA-1} & \textbf{PSA-2} & \textbf{BC} & \textbf{PSA-1}  & \textbf{PSA-2}  \\ \hline
            \textit{Feeder 1}        &38.3  &30.7   (-19.8\%) &37.0  (-3.4\%)  &38.3  &30.7  (-19.8\%) &37.0  (-3.4\%)\\ \hline 
            \textit{Feeder 2}        &73.2  &53.2   (-27.5\%) &65.0  (-11.2\%) &71.1  &49.7  (-30.1\%) &61.1  (-14.1\%)\\ \hline
            \textit{Feeder} 3        &493.6 &278.1  (-43.6\%) &339.1 (-31.3\%) &487.0 &266.5 (-45.3\%) &332.0 (-31.8\%)\\ \hline 
            \textit{Network}         &605.1 &362.0  (-40.2\%) &441.1 (-27.1\%) &596.4 &346.9 (-41.8\%) &430.1 (-27.8\%)\\ \hline
            %       \end{tabularx}
        \end{tabular}
    \end{threeparttable}
    \begin{tablenotes}\footnotesize
        \item BC: Base Case 
    \end{tablenotes}
    \label{chp4_Table1}
\end{table}
\end{document}

答案1

您可以使用overhang的可选参数\rowcolor（这是通过反复试验得出的，取决于字体大小）。我擅自简化了您的代码：不需要嵌套\theads，并且可以通过选项colortbl自动加载。此外，通过降低 的值，我可以增加字体大小（以提高可读性），而不会溢出到边距。tablexcolor\tabcolsep

\documentclass[11pt,a4paper,twoside,openrights,hidelinks, english]{book}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage{lmodern}
\usepackage{babel}
\usepackage{multirow}
\usepackage{amsmath,amssymb}
\usepackage{setspace}
\usepackage{makecell}
\usepackage{tabu}
\usepackage{threeparttablex}
\usepackage{hhline}
\usepackage[RGYK, table]{xcolor}

\begin{document}

\begin{table}[t!]
    \renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.3}
    \renewcommand{\theadfont}{\bfseries}
    \setlength{\tabcolsep}{3.25pt}
    \centering
    \footnotesize
    \begin{threeparttable}
    \caption{Feeder energy losses for 10 days before and after phase switching of the loads for both phase switching algorithms.}
        \begin{tabular}{|*{7}{c|}}
            \hline
            \rowcolor{gray!50}[\tabcolsep][2.5em]\textbf{Feeder} & \multicolumn{3}{c|}{\thead{Losses for Passive Network \\ (Scenario S1) \\[1ex] [kWh]}}& \multicolumn{3}{c|}{\thead{Losses for Active Network \\ (Scenario S2) \\[1ex] [kWh]}}
            \\ \hline
            & \textbf{BC} & \textbf{PSA-1} & \textbf{PSA-2} & \textbf{BC} & \textbf{PSA-1} & \textbf{PSA-2} \\ \hline
            \textit{Feeder 1} &38.3 &30.7 (-19.8\%) &37.0 (-3.4\%) &38.3 &30.7 (-19.8\%) &37.0 (-3.4\%)\\ \hline
            \textit{Feeder 2} &73.2 &53.2 (-27.5\%) &65.0 (-11.2\%) &71.1 &49.7 (-30.1\%) &61.1 (-14.1\%)\\ \hline
            \textit{Feeder} 3 &493.6 &278.1 (-43.6\%) &339.1 (-31.3\%) &487.0 &266.5 (-45.3\%) &332.0 (-31.8\%)\\ \hline
            \textit{Network} &605.1 &362.0 (-40.2\%) &441.1 (-27.1\%) &596.4 &346.9 (-41.8\%) &430.1 (-27.8\%)\\ \hline
        \end{tabular}
    \end{threeparttable}
    \begin{tablenotes}\footnotesize
        \item BC: Base Case
    \end{tablenotes}
    \label{chp4_Table1}
\end{table}

\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

答案2

\thead不占据整个列宽，因此您将获得空白。我建议改为定义新命令：

\newcommand\mcccc[1]{\multicolumn{3}{>{\bfseries}c|}{%
                \begin{tabular}{ @{} >{\bfseries}c @{}} #1 \end{tabular}}}

这将消除空白：

\documentclass[11pt,a4paper,twoside,openrights,hidelinks]{book}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage{lmodern}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[english]{babel}
\usepackage{multirow}
\usepackage{amsmath,amssymb}
\usepackage{setspace}
\usepackage{makecell}
\renewcommand\theadfont{\normalsize\bfseries}           %  <---
\newcolumntype{C}[1]{>{\centering\arraybackslash}p{#1}} % <---

\newcommand\mcccc[1]{\multicolumn{3}{>{\bfseries}c|}{%
                \begin{tabular}{ @{} >{\bfseries}c @{}} #1 \end{tabular}}}
\usepackage{tabu}  % not recomended, it is buggy
\usepackage{threeparttablex}
\usepackage{hhline}
\usepackage[RGYK, table]{xcolor}

\begin{document}
\begin{table}[t!]
    \renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.3}
    \centering
    \scriptsize
    \caption{Feeder energy losses for 10 days before and after phase switching of the loads for both phase switching algorithms.}
    \begin{threeparttable}
        \centering
        \begin{tabular}{|*{7}{c|}}
            \hline
            \rowcolor{gray!30} 
        \textbf{Feeder} 
                & \mcccc{Losses for Passive Network\\
                        (Scenario S1)\\
                        {[kWh]} }
                    & \mcccc{Losses for Active Network\\
                            (Scenario S2)\\
                            {[kWh]}}                  \\
            \hline
            & \textbf{BC} & \textbf{PSA-1} & \textbf{PSA-2} & \textbf{BC} & \textbf{PSA-1}  & \textbf{PSA-2}  \\ \hline
            \textit{Feeder 1}        &38.3  &30.7   (-19.8\%) &37.0  (-3.4\%)  &38.3  &30.7  (-19.8\%) &37.0  (-3.4\%)\\ \hline
            \textit{Feeder 2}        &73.2  &53.2   (-27.5\%) &65.0  (-11.2\%) &71.1  &49.7  (-30.1\%) &61.1  (-14.1\%)\\ \hline
            \textit{Feeder} 3        &493.6 &278.1  (-43.6\%) &339.1 (-31.3\%) &487.0 &266.5 (-45.3\%) &332.0 (-31.8\%)\\ \hline
            \textit{Network}         &605.1 &362.0  (-40.2\%) &441.1 (-27.1\%) &596.4 &346.9 (-41.8\%) &430.1 (-27.8\%)\\ \hline
            %       \end{tabularx}
        \end{tabular}
    \end{threeparttable}
    \begin{tablenotes}\footnotesize
        \item BC: Base Case
    \end{tablenotes}
    \label{chp4_Table1}
\end{table}
\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

答案3

如果您使用{NiceTabular}及其nicematrix键color-inside，则可直接获得预期输出（我也使用了键hvlines）来绘制所有规则。

\documentclass[11pt,a4paper,twoside,openrights,hidelinks]{book}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage{lmodern}
\usepackage[english]{babel}
\usepackage{amsmath,amssymb}
\usepackage{setspace}
\usepackage{makecell}
\usepackage{threeparttablex}
\usepackage{xcolor}
\usepackage{nicematrix}


\begin{document}
\begin{table}[t!]
\renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.3} 
\centering
\scriptsize
\caption{Feeder energy losses for 10 days before and after phase switching of the loads for both phase switching algorithms.}
\begin{threeparttable}
\centering
\begin{NiceTabular}{ccccccc}[color-inside,hvlines]
    \rowcolor{gray!50}      \textbf{Feeder} & \multicolumn{3}{c}{\thead{\thead{\textbf{Losses for} \textbf{Passive Network} \\ \textbf{(Scenario S1)}} \\ $[\textbf{kWh}]$}}& \multicolumn{3}{c}{\thead{\thead{\textbf{Losses for} \textbf{Active Network} \\ \textbf{(Scenario S2)}} \\ $[\textbf{kWh}]$}}\\
    
    & \textbf{BC} & \textbf{PSA-1} & \textbf{PSA-2} & \textbf{BC} & \textbf{PSA-1}  & \textbf{PSA-2}  \\ 
    \textit{Feeder 1}        &38.3  &30.7   (-19.8\%) &37.0  (-3.4\%)  &38.3  &30.7  (-19.8\%) &37.0  (-3.4\%)\\  
    \textit{Feeder 2}        &73.2  &53.2   (-27.5\%) &65.0  (-11.2\%) &71.1  &49.7  (-30.1\%) &61.1  (-14.1\%)\\ 
    \textit{Feeder} 3        &493.6 &278.1  (-43.6\%) &339.1 (-31.3\%) &487.0 &266.5 (-45.3\%) &332.0 (-31.8\%)\\  
    \textit{Network}         &605.1 &362.0  (-40.2\%) &441.1 (-27.1\%) &596.4 &346.9 (-41.8\%) &430.1 (-27.8\%)\\ 
\end{NiceTabular}
\end{threeparttable}
\begin{tablenotes}\footnotesize
    \item BC: Base Case 
\end{tablenotes}
\label{chp4_Table1}
\end{table}
\end{document}

上述代码的输出

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