为什么 OpenSuSE 和 Ubuntu 之间的主机文件格式不同?

为什么 OpenSuSE 和 Ubuntu 之间的主机文件格式不同?

与有何127.0.0.1关系127.0.0.2

使用ssh登录特莱拉克斯(OpenSuSE):

tleilax:~ # 
tleilax:~ # hostname
tleilax
tleilax:~ # 
tleilax:~ # hostname -f
tleilax.bounceme.net
tleilax:~ # 
tleilax:~ # cat /etc/hosts
#
# hosts         This file describes a number of hostname-to-address
#               mappings for the TCP/IP subsystem.  It is mostly
#               used at boot time, when no name servers are running.
#               On small systems, this file can be used instead of a
#               "named" name server.
# Syntax:
#    
# IP-Address  Full-Qualified-Hostname  Short-Hostname
#

127.0.0.1       localhost

# special IPv6 addresses
::1             localhost ipv6-localhost ipv6-loopback

fe00::0         ipv6-localnet

ff00::0         ipv6-mcastprefix
ff02::1         ipv6-allnodes
ff02::2         ipv6-allrouters
ff02::3         ipv6-allhosts
127.0.0.2       tleilax.bounceme.net tleilax
tleilax:~ # 
tleilax:~ # exit
logout
Connection to 192.168.1.4 closed.

登录总督(乌班图):

thufir@doge:~$ 
thufir@doge:~$ hostname
doge
thufir@doge:~$ 
thufir@doge:~$ hostname -f
doge.bounceme.net
thufir@doge:~$ 
thufir@doge:~$ cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1   localhost
127.0.1.1   doge.bounceme.net   doge

# The following lines are desirable for IPv6 capable hosts
::1     ip6-localhost ip6-loopback
fe00::0 ip6-localnet
ff00::0 ip6-mcastprefix
ff02::1 ip6-allnodes
ff02::2 ip6-allrouters
thufir@doge:~$ 

我的理解是,至少在 Ubuntu 中,127.0.0.1和are 用于主机名:127.0.1.1.

Somme years ago Thomas Hood started a discussion[0] about how the system
hostname should be resolved.
The eventual result[1] was that Debian nowadays ships /etc/hosts like
these per default:

127.0.0.1 localhost
127.0.1.1 <host_name>.<domain_name> <host_name>

As also described in the Debian reference[2].

I had a short mail conversation with Thomas and he proposed bringing up
the following at d-d.

https://lists.debian.org/debian-devel/2013/07/msg00809.html

特莱拉克斯我使用 yast - 为什么它给出的 IP 地址为127.0.0.2?这和有什么不同吗127.0.0.1?难道只是用yast的神器吗?

127.0.0.2最后,如果我改为yast ,它会以任何方式弄乱吗127.0.0.1?我猜这并不重要——我对此更好奇。

与 IPv4 地址如何工作的更广泛要求相比,每个发行版中的这种约定在多大程度上是公正的?

答案1

您的环回设备lo已绑定到网络127/8(又名127.0.0.1/255.0.0.0),因此任何127.0.0.1to范围内的地址127.255.255.254是您的本地环回。

127.0.0.1因此,使用或并不重要127.0.0.2

他们(Debian)选择他们选择的方案的原因在Debian 参考(这确实是一个错误的解决方法)

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