Apache gzip 配置

Question 1

这是一个理想的 .htaccess，它既可以压缩，又可以设置合适的过期标头。

# Insert filter
SetOutputFilter DEFLATE

# Netscape 4.x has some problems...
BrowserMatch ^Mozilla/4 gzip-only-text/html

# Netscape 4.06-4.08 have some more problems
BrowserMatch ^Mozilla/4\.0[678] no-gzip

# MSIE masquerades as Netscape, but it is fine
# BrowserMatch \bMSIE !no-gzip !gzip-only-text/html

# Make sure proxies don't deliver the wrong content
Header append Vary User-Agent env=!dont-vary

<IfModule mod_expires.c>
  ExpiresActive On
  ExpiresDefault "access plus 1 seconds"
  ExpiresByType image/x-icon "access plus 2592000 seconds"
  ExpiresByType image/jpeg "access plus 2592000 seconds"
  ExpiresByType image/png "access plus 2592000 seconds"
  ExpiresByType image/gif "access plus 2592000 seconds"
  ExpiresByType application/x-shockwave-flash "access plus 2592000 seconds"
  ExpiresByType text/css "access plus 604800 seconds"
  ExpiresByType text/javascript "access plus 216000 seconds"
  ExpiresByType application/x-javascript "access plus 216000 seconds"
  ExpiresByType text/html "access plus 600 seconds"
  ExpiresByType application/xhtml+xml "access plus 600 seconds"
</IfModule>

<IfModule mod_headers.c>
  <FilesMatch "\\.(ico|jpe?g|png|gif|swf)$">
    Header set Cache-Control "max-age=2592000, public"
  </FilesMatch>
  <FilesMatch "\\.(css)$">
    Header set Cache-Control "max-age=604800, public"
  </FilesMatch>
  <FilesMatch "\\.(js)$">
    Header set Cache-Control "max-age=216000, private"
  </FilesMatch>
  <FilesMatch "\\.(x?html?|php)$">
    Header set Cache-Control "max-age=600, private, must-revalidate"
  </FilesMatch>
</IfModule>

<IfModule mod_headers.c>
  Header unset ETag
</IfModule>
FileETag None

<IfModule mod_headers.c>
  Header unset Last-Modified
</IfModule>

以下文章介绍了它的功能并讨论了压缩：

http://www.samaxes.com/2009/01/06/more-on-compressing-and-caching-your-site-with-htaccess/

希望有所帮助。

Answer

这是一个理想的 .htaccess，它既可以压缩，又可以设置合适的过期标头。

# Insert filter
SetOutputFilter DEFLATE

# Netscape 4.x has some problems...
BrowserMatch ^Mozilla/4 gzip-only-text/html

# Netscape 4.06-4.08 have some more problems
BrowserMatch ^Mozilla/4\.0[678] no-gzip

# MSIE masquerades as Netscape, but it is fine
# BrowserMatch \bMSIE !no-gzip !gzip-only-text/html

# Make sure proxies don't deliver the wrong content
Header append Vary User-Agent env=!dont-vary

<IfModule mod_expires.c>
  ExpiresActive On
  ExpiresDefault "access plus 1 seconds"
  ExpiresByType image/x-icon "access plus 2592000 seconds"
  ExpiresByType image/jpeg "access plus 2592000 seconds"
  ExpiresByType image/png "access plus 2592000 seconds"
  ExpiresByType image/gif "access plus 2592000 seconds"
  ExpiresByType application/x-shockwave-flash "access plus 2592000 seconds"
  ExpiresByType text/css "access plus 604800 seconds"
  ExpiresByType text/javascript "access plus 216000 seconds"
  ExpiresByType application/x-javascript "access plus 216000 seconds"
  ExpiresByType text/html "access plus 600 seconds"
  ExpiresByType application/xhtml+xml "access plus 600 seconds"
</IfModule>

<IfModule mod_headers.c>
  <FilesMatch "\\.(ico|jpe?g|png|gif|swf)$">
    Header set Cache-Control "max-age=2592000, public"
  </FilesMatch>
  <FilesMatch "\\.(css)$">
    Header set Cache-Control "max-age=604800, public"
  </FilesMatch>
  <FilesMatch "\\.(js)$">
    Header set Cache-Control "max-age=216000, private"
  </FilesMatch>
  <FilesMatch "\\.(x?html?|php)$">
    Header set Cache-Control "max-age=600, private, must-revalidate"
  </FilesMatch>
</IfModule>

<IfModule mod_headers.c>
  Header unset ETag
</IfModule>
FileETag None

<IfModule mod_headers.c>
  Header unset Last-Modified
</IfModule>

以下文章介绍了它的功能并讨论了压缩：

http://www.samaxes.com/2009/01/06/more-on-compressing-and-caching-your-site-with-htaccess/

希望有所帮助。

Question 2

Apachemod_deflate为每个实体创建唯一的 Etag，因为它们标识了 URL 的特定实体变体。每个协商变体都需要有唯一的 ETag。因为mod_deflate它就像将编码添加到已计算的 ETag 一样简单。

一种解决方法是从 Etag 中删除编码：

<Location /js>
  RequestHeader  edit "If-None-Match" "^(.*)-gzip$" "$1"
  Header  edit "ETag" "^(.*[^g][^z][^i][^p])$" "$1-gzip"
</Location>

如果您使用带有mod_deflate模块的 Apache 2.5，则可以使用该指令DeflateAlterETag指定在压缩响应时应如何改变 ETag hader。

DeflateAlterETag AddSuffix|NoChange|Remove

来源：https://httpd.apache.org/docs/trunk/mod/mod_deflate.html#deflatealteretag

这博客文章建议完全删除 Etags 并依赖标题Cache-Control。

要做到这一点httpd.conf：

<IfModule mod_headers.c>
    Header unset ETag
</IfModule>

FileETag None

请注意，如果被 gzip 压缩的实体mod_deflate仍然带有与普通实体相同的 ETag，这可能会导致 ETag 感知代理缓存不一致。

更多信息请点击这里：

Answer